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Guyanese Americans

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Guyanese Americans

Guyanese Americans are American people with Guyanese ancestry or immigrants who were born in Guyana. Guyana is home to people of many different national, ethnic and religious origins. As of 2019, there are 231,649 Guyanese Americans currently living in the United States. The majority of Guyanese live in New York City – some 140,000 – making them the fifth-largest foreign-born population in the city.

After the independence of Guyana from the United Kingdom, in 1966, Guyanese immigration to the United States increased dramatically. Political and economic uncertainty, and the internal strife two years earlier as well as a radical change in US immigration policy opening up opportunities to non-Europeans prompted many Guyanese who could make the move to seek opportunities abroad. An average of 6,080 people a year emigrated from Guyana between 1969 and 1976, increasing to an average of 14,400 between 1976 and 1981.

Many of the first Guyanese immigrants to the United States were of African descent. They were women who were recruited as domestic workers or nursing assistants. Prior to the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 Guyanese of Asian descent faced immigration restrictions by the Asiatic Barred Zone. However, many Guyanese who had studied in the US in the mid 20th century or earlier stayed on in the US; although some like Cheddi Jagan returned to Guyana. Shirley Chisholm's father represents one of the earliest of Guyanese immigrants to the US during the 20th century; emigration from Guyana at that time was mostly to Caribbean or Commonwealth countries.

Many Indo-Guyanese immigrants emigrated to New York City during the upheavals of the 1970s and 1980s, a group descended from the original Indian indentured servants that arrived to Guyana in the early 1800s after the abolishing of slavery by the British Empire.

The United States has the highest number of Guyanese people outside of Guyana. The Guyanese-American community mostly consists of people of Indian and African origins although there are a few Indigenous Guyanese living in the United States.

As of 1990, 80 percent of Guyanese Americans lived in the northeastern United States, especially around New York City, which is home to over 140,000 people of Guyanese descent.

Many Indo-Guyanese immigrants emigrated to New York City during the upheavals of the 1970s and 1980s and settled in South Richmond Hill. The 2000 census identified 24,662 people in Richmond Hill who were born in Guyana, the majority of whom were of Indian descent. The large concentration of Indo-Guyanese residents in Richmond Hill and the neighboring South Ozone Park, has led the area along Liberty Avenue to be referred to as "Little Guyana", with the portion of the avenue being officially co-named Little Guyana Avenue in 2021. The majority of NYC's Afro-Guyanese population lives in Brooklyn's West Indian neighborhoods, most notably Flatbush and Canarsie.

Other areas in the U.S. with significant Guyanese populations include Western New York (Buffalo and Rochester), the northern New Jersey cities of Irvington, South Plainfield, Orange and East Orange; and parts of central Florida (Ocala, Orlando, Kissimmee, Southchase, Bay Hill, Clarcona, Minneola, Winter Garden, Winter Park, Windermere, Four Corners, Tampa, Brandon, Orlo Vista, Oakland, and Verona Walk) and southern Florida (Lauderhill, Sunrise, Plantation, Margate, Hollywood, Tamarac, Coral Springs, Oakland Park, Pembroke Pines, Miramar, Fort Lauderdale, North Lauderdale, Lauderdale Lakes, Coconut Creek, Parkland, The Acreage, Loxahatchee, West Palm Beach, Lake Worth Beach, Lantana, Wellington, Boynton Beach, Jupiter, Homestead, Cutler Bay, Miami Gardens, North Miami, and Port St. Lucie). Smaller populations can also be found in The Bronx, New York; Westchester County; Rockland County; Nassau County; Schenectady; Emerald Lakes; Olanta; Lincoln Park; and Bladensburg.

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