History
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Indian Independence Movement
Return to India
1915
Gandhi returned to India after 21 years in South Africa. He joined the Indian National Congress and began organizing peasants and workers to protest against British rule.
Leadership of the Indian National Congress
1921
Gandhi became the leader of the Indian National Congress. He led nationwide campaigns for self-rule, women's rights, and the abolition of untouchability.
Dandi Salt March
1930
Gandhi led the Dandi Salt March, a 24-day march to protest the British salt tax. This was a major act of civil disobedience and drew international attention.
Quit India Movement
1942
Gandhi launched the Quit India Movement, calling for an end to British rule in India. The movement was suppressed, but it weakened British control over India.
Legal Career and Early Activism
Move to South Africa
1893–1894
Gandhi moved to South Africa to work as a lawyer. He faced racial discrimination and began to advocate for the rights of Indian immigrants.
Founding of the Natal Indian Congress
1894
Gandhi founded the Natal Indian Congress to represent the interests of Indian immigrants in South Africa. This marked the beginning of his political activism.
Renunciation of Western Lifestyle
1897
Gandhi began to adopt a simpler lifestyle, renouncing Western clothes and practices. He started wearing traditional Indian attire and living in communal settlements.
Legacy and Impact
Global Recognition
1948
Gandhi's assassination led to widespread mourning and recognition of his contributions to peace and justice. He was posthumously awarded the title 'Father of the Nation' in India.
Inspiration to Civil Rights Movements
1950s–1960s
Gandhi's philosophy inspired leaders such as Martin Luther King Jr. during the American civil rights movement. His ideas continue to influence social justice movements globally.
Enduring Influence
Present Day
Gandhi's teachings on nonviolence, simplicity, and self-reliance remain relevant today. His birthday, October 2, is celebrated as the International Day of Non-Violence by the United Nations.
Selected days from chronicle
30 January, 1948
Mahatma Gandhi was assassinated in New Delhi by Nathuram Godse. This date is commemorated as Martyrs' Day in India to honor his sacrifice for the nation.
12 March, 1930
Gandhi began the Dandi Salt March, a 24-day march to protest British salt tax policies. This marked a significant event in India's struggle for independence.
2 October, 1869
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born in Porbandar, India. This date is celebrated as Gandhi Jayanti, a national holiday in India, and is also recognized as the International Day of Nonviolence.
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