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Nez Cassé
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The Nez Cassé series of locomotives is a large family of electric and diesel locomotives intended primarily for fast passenger service on the French SNCF railway system. Produced by Alsthom for use under multiple electrification networks and unelectrified lines, they have been in widespread use from the 1960s into the 21st century. Classes produced in the main series were BB 7200/7600 and CC 6500 under 1.5 kV DC, BB15000 under 25 kV 50 Hz AC, BB 22200 (7200+15000) and CC 21000 under dual 1.5 kV DC and 25 kV 50 Hz AC, and the diesel CC 72000/72100.
The locomotive series was developed from the 1964 quadruple-voltage CC 40100, designed by Paul Arzens,[1] which was mainly used for Trans Europ Express international service. The CC 40100 featured a forward-leaning nose and windshield that drew comparisons with a broken-nose facial profile ("Nez Cassé"). A greater emphasis on crash protection for engine drivers in the following series added depth to the nose and changed the broken-nosed profile.[2][3][4]
The first versions for the SNCF that were introduced in 1969, the 1.5kV CC 6500 and the 1.5/25kV CC 21000, used a Co'Co' bogie arrangement on account of their substantial weight. The unique BBB 8000 used by Korail from 1972 used a Bo'Bo'Bo' bogie arrangement due to track loading requirements and Korean rail geometry requirements. The later BB 7200, BB 15000 and BB 22200 were substantially lightened, and could use a Bo'Bo' arrangement. These later series, introduced by the SNCF from 1971–1976, were also less costly to procure.[5][6]
List of Nez Cassé locomotives
[edit]Below is a list of locomotives around the world built in this style.
| Class | Country | Operator(s) | Build Date(s) | Wheel Arrangement (UIC) | Wheel Arrangement (AAR) | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SNCF Class BB 7200 | France | SNCF | 1976-1985 | Bo'Bo' | B-B | 
|
| SNCF Class BB 15000 | France | SNCF | 1971-1978 | Bo'Bo' | B-B | 
|
| SNCF Class BB 22200 Class 22 (II) |
|
SNCF | 1976-1986 | Bo'Bo' | B-B | 
|
| SNCF Class CC 6500 | France | SNCF | 1969-1975 | Co'Co' | C-C | 
|
| SNCF Class CC 21000 | France | SNCF | 1995-1996 | Co'Co' | C-C | 
|
| SNCF Class CC 72000 | France | SNCF | 1967-1974 | Co'Co' | C-C | 
|
| SNCF Class CC 40100 | France | SNCF | 1964, 1969-1970 | Co'Co' | C-C |
|
| SNCB Class 18 (Alsthom) | Belgium | NMBS/SNCB | 1973-1974 | Co'Co' | C-C | 
|
| Amtrak X996 | United States | Amtrak | 1977 | Co'Co' | C-C | 
|
| CP Class 2600 | Portugal | Comboios de Portugal | 1974-1975 | Bo'Bo' | B-B | 
|
| CP Class 2620 | Portugal | Comboios de Portugal | 1987-1989 | Bo'Bo' | B-B | .jpg)
|
| CP Class 1900 | Portugal | Comboios de Portugal | 1981 | Co'Co' | C-C | .jpg)
|
| CP Class 1930 | Portugal | Comboios de Portugal | 1981-1982 | Co'Co' | C-C | 
|
| NS Class 1600 | Netherlands | 1981-1983 | Bo'Bo' | B-B | 
| |
| NS Class 1700 | Netherlands | Nederlandse Spoorwegen | 1990-1994 | Bo'Bo' | B-B | 
|
| NS Class 1800 | Netherlands | Nederlandse Spoorwegen | 1981-1983 | Bo'Bo' | B-B | 
|
| SŽ Series 363 | Slovenia | Slovenian Railways | 1975-1977 | Co'Co' | C-C | _(2).jpg)
|
| Korail Class 8000 | South Korea | Korail | 1972-1990 | Bo'Bo'Bo' | B-B-B | 
|
| ONCF Class DF 100 | Morocco | ONCF | N/A | Co'Co' | C-C | 
|
| ONCF Class DF 115 | Morocco | ONCF | N/A | Co'Co' | C-C | 
|
| ONCF Class E 1300 | Morocco | ONCF | N/A | Bo'Bo' | B-B | .jpg)
|
| ONCF Class E 1350 | Morocco | ONCF | N/A | Bo'Bo' | B-B | 
|
| FEPASA 2200 | Brazil | Ferrovia Paulista | N/A | Bo'Bo' | B-B | 
|
Other operators
[edit]
The Nederlandse Spoorwegen NS Class 1600 and NS Class 1700 versions of BB 7200 continue in use on the Dutch railway system under 1.5 kV DC. The Belgian Railways Class 18 was the Belgian equivalent of CC 40100, and was in service from 1973 to 1999.[8]
Moroccan operator ONCF uses diesel locomotives similar to CC 72000, the ONCF DF 100. The ONCF E 900 is similar to the CC 6500 and the ONCF E 1300/1350 is similar to the BB 7200, both under 3 kV DC . The Portuguese CP Class 1900 and CP Class 1930 were built under license by Sorefame in 1981 as versions of CC 72000 and CP Class 2600 (electric) as version of BB22200. The South Korean Korail Class 8000 is a development for 25 kV 60 Hz AC with a Bo-Bo-Bo arrangement. Slovenian Railways uses 3 kV DC versions of CC 6500 (identical to the ONCF E900 and using the same transmition) as SŽ series 363.
FEPASA in São Paulo State, Brazil ordered 80 3 kV DC locomotives in the mid-1980s for its metre gauge and Irish gauge network called FEPASA 2200 series (or Alsthom EC-386) for use on the Araguari-Santos Export Corridor and other prospective electrified lines on its network. The locomotives were to be assembled by Brazilian manufacturer EMAQ using knock-down kits imported from France, however, the bankruptcy of said manufacturer and severe financial difficulties at FEPASA meant that only two locomotives were actually completed. Both locomotives were used by FEPASA until its privatisation in the late-1990s and were abandoned, because its successor concessionary companies Ferroban and Rumo Logística have largely abandoned further electrification work on the rest of the FEPASA network.[9]
A single CC 21000 locomotive, CC 21003, was temporarily allocated to the U.S. Amtrak system as X996 in 1977 for testing on Amtrak's Northeast Corridor.[10]
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Automobilia". Toutes les voitures françaises 1940 - 46 (Les années sans salon). 26. Paris: Histoire & collections: 52. 2003.
- ^ Haydock, David (2016). French Railways: Locomotives and Multiple Units (6 ed.). Platform 5. pp. 20–21, 23–27, 61–63. ISBN 978-1-909431-34-8.
- ^ Redoutey, Denis (2016). Le Matérial Moteur SNCF en 2016 (7 ed.). Éditions La Vie du Rail. pp. 185–189, 192–193, 196–197, 256–257. ISBN 978-2-37062-040-8.
- ^ Gehant, Benoit. "La famille des locomotives "nez cassé"". Sur les rails. Retrieved 6 September 2020.
- ^ Battestini, Ludovic (2023). La Saga des Nez Cassés, Tome 1. La vie du Rail. p. 10. ISBN 978-2-37062-115-3.
- ^ Battestini, Ludovic (2024). La Saga Des Nez Cassés, Tome 2. La vie du Rail. pp. 10–11, 82. ISBN 978-2-37062-125-2.
- ^ TheRailwayCentre.Com. "The all-time guide to the UK Traction Classification System" (PDF). Archived from the original on November 28, 2006. Retrieved 2008-01-13.
- ^ Haydock, David; Fox, Peter; Garvin, Brian (1994). Benelux Railways: Locomotives and Coaching Stock (3 ed.). Platform 5. p. 19. ISBN 1-872524-65-6.
- ^ "FEPASA - 3400 HP Alsthom-EMAQ Electric Locomotive". www.tsfr.org.
- ^ "Amtrak's X996". Amtrak Historical Society. Archived from the original on September 9, 2011. Retrieved 6 September 2020.