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{"parse":{"title":"Steve Jobs","pageid":7412236,"text":{"*":"

For other uses, see Steve Jobs (disambiguation).

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Steve Jobs
Jobs introducing the iPhone 4 in 2010
Born	Steven Paul Jobs^[1] (1955-02-24)February 24, 1955 San Francisco, California, U.S.
Died	October 5, 2011(2011-10-05) (aged 56) Palo Alto, California, U.S.
Resting place	Alta Mesa Memorial Park
Education	Reed College (no degree)
Years active	1971\u20132011
Known for	\n Pioneer of the personal computer revolution with Steve Wozniak \n Co-creator of the Apple II, Macintosh, iPod, iPhone, iPad, and first Apple Stores \n
Title	\n Co-founder, chairman, and CEO of Apple Inc. \n Primary investor and chairman of Pixar \n Founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT \n
Board member of	\n The Walt Disney Company^[2] \n Apple Inc. \n
Spouse	\n Laurene Powell (m. 1991)
Partner	Chrisann Brennan (1972\u20131977)
Children	4, including Lisa, Reed, and Eve
Relatives	\n Mona Simpson (sister) \n Bassma Al Jandaly (cousin) \n Malek Jandali (cousin) \n
Awards	Presidential Medal of Freedom (posthumous, 2022)
Signature

Steven Paul Jobs (February 24, 1955 \u2013 October 5, 2011) was an American businessman, inventor, and investor best known for co-founding the technology company Apple Inc. Jobs was also the founder of NeXT and chairman and majority shareholder of Pixar. He was a pioneer of the personal computer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s, along with his early business partner and fellow Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak.\n

Jobs was born in San Francisco in 1955 and adopted shortly afterwards. He attended Reed College in 1972 before withdrawing that same year. In 1974, he traveled through India, seeking enlightenment before later studying Zen Buddhism. He and Wozniak co-founded Apple in 1976 to further develop and sell Wozniak's Apple I personal computer. Together, the duo gained fame and wealth a year later with production and sale of the Apple II, one of the first highly successful mass-produced microcomputers. \n

Jobs saw the commercial potential of the Xerox Alto in 1979, which was mouse-driven and had a graphical user interface (GUI). This led to the development of the largely unsuccessful Apple Lisa in 1983, followed by the breakthrough Macintosh in 1984, the first mass-produced computer with a GUI. The Macintosh launched the desktop publishing industry in 1985 (for example, the Aldus Pagemaker) with the addition of the Apple LaserWriter, the first laser printer to feature vector graphics and PostScript.\n

In 1985, Jobs departed Apple after a long power struggle with the company's board and its then-CEO, John Sculley. That same year, Jobs took some Apple employees with him to found NeXT, a computer platform development company that specialized in computers for higher-education and business markets, serving as its CEO. In 1986, he bought the computer graphics division of Lucasfilm, which was spun off independently as Pixar.^[3] Pixar produced the first computer-animated feature film, Toy Story (1995), and became a leading animation studio, producing dozens of commercially successful and critically acclaimed films.\n

In 1997, Jobs returned to Apple as CEO after the company's acquisition of NeXT. He was largely responsible for reviving Apple, which was on the verge of bankruptcy. He worked closely with British designer Jony Ive to develop a line of products and services that had larger cultural ramifications, beginning with the \"Think different\" advertising campaign, and leading to the iMac, iTunes, Mac OS X, Apple Store, iPod, iTunes Store, iPhone, App Store, and iPad. Jobs was also a board member at Gap Inc. from 1999 to 2002.^[4] In 2003, Jobs was diagnosed with a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. He died of tumor-related respiratory arrest in 2011; in 2022, he was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Since his death, he has won 141 patents; Jobs holds over 450 patents in total.^[5]\n

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Business positions\n
Preceded by Gil Amelio \n	CEO of Apple 1997\u20132011\n	Succeeded by Tim Cook \n
Preceded by Mike Markkula \n	Apple Chairman 1981\u20131985\n	Succeeded by Mike Markkula \n
Preceded by \n	Apple Chairman 2011\n	Succeeded by Arthur D. Levinson \n

v t e Steve Jobs
Career	\n Timeline \n Apple Computer\n history \n Macintosh \n NeXT \n Pixar \n Return to Apple \n \"Thoughts on Flash\" \n
Legacy	\n Depictions \n Honors and public recognition \n
Books about	\n The Little Kingdom (1984) \n The Second Coming of Steve Jobs (2000) \n iCon (2005) \n Steve Jobs (2011) \n The Bite in the Apple (2013) \n Becoming Steve Jobs (2015) \n Designed by Apple in California (2016) \n Small Fry (2018) \n Make Something Wonderful (2023) \n
Films about	\n Triumph of the Nerds (1996) \n Pirates of Silicon Valley (1999) \n Steve Jobs: The Lost Interview (2012) \n ISteve (2013) \n Jobs (2013) \n Steve Jobs (2015) \n Steve Jobs: The Man in the Machine (2015) \n
Family	\n Laurene Powell Jobs (wife) \n Mona Simpson (sister) \n Chrisann Brennan (mother of his first child) \n Lisa Brennan-Jobs (daughter) \n Eve Jobs (daughter) \n Reed Jobs (son) \n
Related	\n Stevenote \n Reality distortion field \n Jackling House \n The (R)evolution of Steve Jobs \n Seva Foundation \n The Son of a Migrant from Syria (2015 mural) \n Venus yacht \n 1984 commercial \n Think different \n Steve Wozniak \n

v t e Key figures in the history of Apple Inc.
Founders	\n Steve Jobs \n Steve Wozniak \n Ronald Wayne \n
CEOs	\n Michael Scott (1977\u20131981) \n Mike Markkula (1981\u20131983) \n John Sculley (1983\u20131993) \n Michael Spindler (1993\u20131996) \n Gil Amelio (1996\u20131997) \n Steve Jobs (1997\u20132011) \n Tim Cook (2011\u2013present) \n
Current employees	\n Katherine L. Adams \n Tim Cook \n Eddy Cue \n Chris Espinosa \n Craig Federighi \n Dominic Giampaolo \n John Giannandrea \n Lisa P. Jackson \n Greg Joswiak \n Luca Maestri \n Bob Mansfield \n Dan Riccio \n Phil Schiller \n Johny Srouji \n John Ternus \n Bud Tribble \n Jeff Williams \n Steve Wozniak \n
Former employees	\n Gil Amelio \n Angela Ahrendts \n Fred D. Anderson \n Bill Atkinson \n Susan Barnes \n Chrisann Brennan \n Steve Capps \n Satjiv S. Chahil \n George Crow \n Tony Fadell \n Bill Fernandez \n Scott Forstall \n Jean-Louis Gass\u00e9e \n Ellen Hancock \n Nancy R. Heinen \n Andy Hertzfeld \n Joanna Hoffman \n Rod Holt \n Bruce Horn \n Jony Ive \n Steve Jobs \n Ron Johnson \n Susan Kare \n Guy Kawasaki \n Alan Kay \n Daniel Kottke \n Chris Lattner \n Guerrino De Luca \n Mike Markkula \n David Nagel \n Ike Nassi \n Don Norman \n Peter Oppenheimer \n Rich Page \n Mark Papermaster \n Jef Raskin \n Jon Rubinstein \n Michael Scott \n John Sculley \n Bertrand Serlet \n Bruce Sewell \n Burrell Smith \n Michael Spindler \n Sina Tamaddon \n Larry Tesler \n Avie Tevanian \n Ronald Wayne \n Del Yocam \n

v t e NeXT
Corporate directors	\n Steve Jobs \n Ross Perot \n John Patrick Crecine \n
Team members	\n Susan Barnes \n George Crow \n Joanna Hoffman \n Steve Jobs \n Susan Kare \n Rich Page \n Bud Tribble \n
Hardware products	\n NeXT Computer \n NeXTcube \n NeXTcube Turbo \n NeXTstation \n NeXTdimension \n NeXT MegaPixel Display \n NeXT Laser Printer \n
Software products	\n NeXTSTEP \n OpenStep \n WebObjects \n Interface Builder \n
\n $\"\"$ Category \n $\"\"$ Commons \n

v t e Disney Legends Awards (2010s)
2011	\n Jodi Benson \n Barton \"Bo\" Boyd\" \n Jim Henson\" \n Linda Larkin \n Paige O'Hara \n Regis Philbin \n Anika Noni Rose \n Lea Salonga \n Raymond Watson \n Guy Williams\" \n Bonita Granville Wrather\" \n Jack Wrather\" \n
2013	\n Tony Baxter \n Collin Campbell \n Dick Clark\" \n Billy Crystal \n John Goodman \n Steve Jobs\" \n Glen Keane \n Ed Wynn\" \n
2015	\n George Bodenheimer \n Julie Reihm Casaletto \n Andreas Deja \n Johnny Depp \n Eyvind Earle\" \n Danny Elfman \n Susan Lucci \n George Lucas \n Carson Van Osten \n
2017	\n Clyde Geronimi\" \n Whoopi Goldberg \n Manuel Gonzales\" \n Carrie Fisher\" \n Mark Hamill \n Jack Kirby\" \n Wayne Jackson \n Stan Lee \n Garry Marshall\" \n Julie Taymor \n Oprah Winfrey \n
2019	\n Christina Aguilera \n Wing T. Chao \n Robert Downey Jr. \n Jon Favreau \n James Earl Jones \n Bette Midler \n Kenny Ortega \n Barnette Ricci \n Robin Roberts \n Diane Sawyer \n Ming-Na Wen \n Hans Zimmer \n
\" Awarded posthumously \n Complete list \n 1980s \n 1990s \n 2000s \n 2010s \n 2020s

Authority control databases $\"Edit$
International	ISNI VIAF FAST WorldCat
National	Germany United States France BnF data Japan Italy Australia 2 Czech Republic Spain Portugal Netherlands Norway Latvia Croatia Chile Greece Argentina Korea Sweden Poland Israel Catalonia
Academics	CiNii
Artists	ULAN MusicBrainz Museum of Modern Art
People	Trove DDB
Other	IdRef SNAC

Early life

Family

Infancy

Childhood

Homestead High

Reed College

1974\u20131985

Pre-Apple

Apple (1976\u20131985)

1985\u20131997

NeXT computer

Pixar and Disney

1997\u20132011

Return to Apple

Health problems

Resignation

Death

Innovations and designs

Apple I

Apple II

Lisa

Macintosh

NeXT Computer

iMac

iTunes

iPod

iPhone

iPad

Personal life

Marriage

Family

Philanthropy

Honors and awards

In popular culture

See also

References

Bibliography

External links

Steve Jobs

Talks

12 October, 1988