The 2023 FIA Formula 2 Championship was a motor racing championship for Formula 2 cars sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA). The championship was the fifty-seventh season of Formula 2 racing and the seventh season run under the FIA Formula 2 Championship moniker. It was an open-wheel racing category serving as the second tier of formula racing in the FIA Global Pathway. The category was run in support of selected rounds of the 2023 Formula One World Championship. As the championship was a spec series, all teams and drivers competing in the championship ran the same car, the Dallara F2 2018.

Despite winning one race all season, Théo Pourchaire clinched the drivers' championship on the final round in Abu Dhabi for ART Grand Prix, who took its first teams' title in F2 history. Prema Racing's Frederik Vesti was runner-up, followed by Invicta Virtuosi Racing's Jack Doohan.

After all 26 races were completed in this season (the round in Imola being cancelled due to the 2023 Emilia-Romagna floods), 13 different drivers won races: Vesti took six victories, while his teammate Oliver Bearman took four. Ayumu Iwasa and Doohan each won three races, while Dennis Hauger won twice. Aside from Pourchaire, Ralph Boschung took his sole victory on his 96th race start in the sprint race in Bahrain. Other drivers having one victory to their name this season are Jak Crawford and Richard Verschoor who took their and their teams' maiden wins respectively in Austria, and Victor Martins in Silverstone despite receiving a five-second time penalty. Enzo Fittipaldi became a Formula 2 race winner for the first time when he won the sprint race in Belgium, while Isack Hadjar also took his first ever race win in the championship, winning the Zandvoort sprint race, where no points were awarded due to less than two racing laps being completed. Clément Novalak also took his first ever victory in Formula 2 at Zandvoort.

2023 was the final season using the Dallara F2 2018 chassis which debuted in the 2018 season. Starting in 2024, a new chassis will be introduced.

The following teams and drivers were under contract to compete in the 2023 Formula 2 Championship. As the championship was a spec series, all teams competed with an identical Dallara F2 2018 chassis with a V6 turbo engine developed by Mecachrome. All teams competed with tyres supplied by Pirelli.

German Formula 4 team PHM Racing took over the entry and assets of Charouz Racing System at the end of the 2022 season, and ran in cooperation with the Czech squad under the PHM Racing by Charouz moniker.

Carlin competed under new ownership in 2023. The New Zealand-based car manufacturer Rodin Cars became majority shareholder of the team. With that, the team's name changed to Rodin Carlin.

Hitech partnered with hardware company Pulse-Eight during the off-season, changing the official name of the team to Hitech Pulse-Eight.