Alexander Gennadevich Mogilny (Russian: Александр Геннадиевич Могильный; born 18 February 1969) is a Russian former professional ice hockey player and the current president of Amur Khabarovsk of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). Known for his explosive high-end skating, skill, and sniper's touch, he was the first National Hockey League (NHL) draftee to defect from the Soviet Union in order to play in North America.

Drafted 89th overall by the Buffalo Sabres in the 1988 NHL entry draft, Mogilny played 16 seasons National Hockey League (NHL) for the Buffalo Sabres, Vancouver Canucks, New Jersey Devils, and Toronto Maple Leafs between 1989 and 2005. During his time with Buffalo, he became the first Russian in NHL history to serve as captain, earn a selection to the NHL All-Star team, and lead the league in goals — accomplishing the latter in the 1992–93 season with 76, making him one of only seven players ever to score more than 70 in a single season. Later as a member of the Devils, he joined the Triple Gold Club by winning the Stanley Cup in 2000. Mogilny recorded over 1,000 points in the NHL, was twice named to the NHL All-Star team, a six-time All-Star, won the Lady Byng Memorial Trophy in 2003 awarded for sportsmanship combined with excellence in playing ability, and shares the NHL record for fastest goal scored to start a game.

Representing Russia and the Soviet Union in international play, he won gold medals at the 1988 Winter Olympics, 1989 World Championships and the 1989 World Junior Championships. He was named Top Forward in the 1988 World Junior Championships after leading the tournament in goals, assists, and points, and later represented Russia in the 1996 World Cup of Hockey.

Mogilny is set to be inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 2025.

Born and raised in Khabarovsk, located in the Soviet Union’s Far Eastern region, Mogilny was recruited when he was 15 years old to join CSKA Moscow, commonly referred to as the "Red Army Team". As the CSKA organization was a functioning division of the Soviet Army, it was able to draft the best young hockey players in the Soviet Union onto the team.

In 1986, Mogilny was made a full-time player of CSKA Moscow. He finished his first year with 15 goals and 16 points in 28 games. At 17 years old, Mogilny and Sergei Fedorov were the youngest members on the team. Still, team officials anticipated that the duo, along with the imminent arrival of Pavel Bure, would succeed the generational KLM-Line of Vladimir Krutov, Igor Larionov and Sergei Makarov.

Mogilny's first major appearance for the Soviet Union on the international stage was at the 1987 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships. He finished the tournament with 3 goals and 2 assists in 6 games. However, his team was ejected from the tournament in its final game following a brawl with Team Canada, an incident later known as the "Punch-up in Piestany". The International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) suspended all the players involved in that game from competing in international events for 18 months. The penalty was eventually reduced to six months, allowing Mogilny to compete in the 1988 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships. He led the tournament with 9 goals and 18 points in 7 games, helping his team to a silver medal finish and earning the tournament's Top Forward award. Later that year, he earned a spot on the senior national team at age 18 for the 1988 Winter Olympics, a rare achievement for such a young player, and won a gold medal with 5 points in 6 games. The next year, at the 1989 World Junior Championships, he served as team captain and was a part of the dominant Bure-Fedorov-Mogilny line. Mogilny finished that tournament with 7 goals and 12 points in 7 games, including a hat trick against Canada that clinched the gold medal. Bob McKenzie described him as "the world's best junior player, plays on the world's best junior line, on the world's best junior team".

Despite his success with the Soviet national teams and his growing importance on CSKA Moscow, Mogilny longed for a life in the NHL. In May 1989, he chose to join the Buffalo Sabres, the NHL team that had selected him in the 1988 NHL Entry Draft. At the time, he was widely considered the best player outside the NHL and without political barriers, would have been a contender for the first overall pick. Although the NHL seemed off limits for Mogilny, the Sabres believed he was worth the risk. After winning his first World Championships at the 1989 World Ice Hockey Championships, he made history by becoming the first Soviet hockey player to defect to North America.