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11th Armored Cavalry Regiment
The 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment ("Blackhorse Regiment") is a unit of the United States Army garrisoned at the Fort Irwin National Training Center in California. The regiment has served in the Philippine–American War, the Pancho Villa Expedition, World War II, the Vietnam War, Gulf War and Iraq War. The 11th ACR serves as the opposing force (OPFOR) for the Army and Marine task forces, and foreign military forces that train at Fort Irwin.
The OPFOR trained U.S. Army forces in mechanized desert warfare following a Soviet-era style threat until June 2002, when the OPFOR and the 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment changed to portraying an urban/asymmetrical warfare style of combat U.S. soldiers are facing in operations abroad. From June to December 2003, members of the 11th ACR deployed to Afghanistan, where they helped to develop and train the armor and mechanized infantry battalions of the Afghan National Army. These specialized units would defend the Afghan capital during the country's constitutional convention. In January 2005, the 11th ACR deployed to Iraq. The 11th ACR was not reorganized under the U.S. Army Combat Arms Regimental System, though it has been reorganized under the U.S. Army Regimental System.
The regiment was constituted on 2 February 1901 in the Regular Army as the 11th Cavalry Regiment, and was organized on 11 March 1901 at Fort Myer, Virginia. The regiment participated in the 1916 Pancho Villa Expedition under the command of William Jones Nicholson.
In 1919, the regiment was stationed at the Presidio of Monterey, California. On 15 July 1927, the regiment was assigned to the 3rd Cavalry Division. It was relieved from the 3rd Cavalry Division on 1 May 1932 and assigned to the 2nd Cavalry Division. In April 1933, the regiment assumed command and control of the Monterey Civilian Conservation Corps District until mid-1934 and supported the construction and supervision of CCC camps in northern California from 1933 to 1939. It maintained habitual summer training relationships with the Organized Reserve 162nd Cavalry Brigade, 323rd Cavalry Regiment, and 162nd Machine Gun Squadron. The regiment moved to Fort Ord in stages from 16 to 27 January 1940 and again to Camp Clayton on 15 April to 15 May 1940 for temporary training. They participated in maneuvers at Fort Lewis in Washington from 4 to 29 August 1940, and returned to the Presidio of Monterey on 31 August 1940, where they were relieved from assignment to the 2nd Cavalry Division. They next moved to Camp Seeley in California on 7 November 1941, and again to Live Oaks, California, on 24 July 1941; they then returned to Camp Seeley on 17 September 1941, and to Camp Lockett on 10 December 1941.
They were next assigned to the Armored Force on 12 June 1942, and relocated to Fort Benning, Georgia on 10 July 1942, where they prepared to be inactivated and reorganized. The 11th Cavalry Regiment was inactivated on 15 July 1942 at Fort Benning, with personnel and equipment concurrently transferred to the 11th Armored Regiment, with concurrent development of the 11th Cavalry Group, and the 11th Tank Group. The remainder of the 11th Cavalry was disbanded on 26 October 1944.
The 11th Armored Regiment was constituted on 11 July 1942 in the Army of the United States, assigned to the 10th Armored Division (AD), and organized at Fort Benning on 15 July 1942 from the personnel and equipment of the 11th Cavalry Regiment. The motto on the unit insignia is "Allons", which means "Let's Go" in French.
The regiment moved to Murfreesboro, Tennessee, on 22 June 1943, and then Fort Gordon on 5 September 1943. 11th Armored Regiment was broken up on 20 September 1943, and its elements were distributed as follows:
As part of the 10th Armored Division, the 11th Tank Battalion shipped out from the New York Port of Embarkation on 13 September 1944, and landed in France on 23 September 1944. The battalion participated in the Rhineland, Ardennes-Alsace, and Central Europe Campaigns, and was located at Schongau, Bavaria, Germany on 14 August 1945. The battalion returned to the Hampton Roads Port of Embarkation on 13 October 1945, was inactivated at Camp Patrick Henry in Virginia on the same day.
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11th Armored Cavalry Regiment
The 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment ("Blackhorse Regiment") is a unit of the United States Army garrisoned at the Fort Irwin National Training Center in California. The regiment has served in the Philippine–American War, the Pancho Villa Expedition, World War II, the Vietnam War, Gulf War and Iraq War. The 11th ACR serves as the opposing force (OPFOR) for the Army and Marine task forces, and foreign military forces that train at Fort Irwin.
The OPFOR trained U.S. Army forces in mechanized desert warfare following a Soviet-era style threat until June 2002, when the OPFOR and the 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment changed to portraying an urban/asymmetrical warfare style of combat U.S. soldiers are facing in operations abroad. From June to December 2003, members of the 11th ACR deployed to Afghanistan, where they helped to develop and train the armor and mechanized infantry battalions of the Afghan National Army. These specialized units would defend the Afghan capital during the country's constitutional convention. In January 2005, the 11th ACR deployed to Iraq. The 11th ACR was not reorganized under the U.S. Army Combat Arms Regimental System, though it has been reorganized under the U.S. Army Regimental System.
The regiment was constituted on 2 February 1901 in the Regular Army as the 11th Cavalry Regiment, and was organized on 11 March 1901 at Fort Myer, Virginia. The regiment participated in the 1916 Pancho Villa Expedition under the command of William Jones Nicholson.
In 1919, the regiment was stationed at the Presidio of Monterey, California. On 15 July 1927, the regiment was assigned to the 3rd Cavalry Division. It was relieved from the 3rd Cavalry Division on 1 May 1932 and assigned to the 2nd Cavalry Division. In April 1933, the regiment assumed command and control of the Monterey Civilian Conservation Corps District until mid-1934 and supported the construction and supervision of CCC camps in northern California from 1933 to 1939. It maintained habitual summer training relationships with the Organized Reserve 162nd Cavalry Brigade, 323rd Cavalry Regiment, and 162nd Machine Gun Squadron. The regiment moved to Fort Ord in stages from 16 to 27 January 1940 and again to Camp Clayton on 15 April to 15 May 1940 for temporary training. They participated in maneuvers at Fort Lewis in Washington from 4 to 29 August 1940, and returned to the Presidio of Monterey on 31 August 1940, where they were relieved from assignment to the 2nd Cavalry Division. They next moved to Camp Seeley in California on 7 November 1941, and again to Live Oaks, California, on 24 July 1941; they then returned to Camp Seeley on 17 September 1941, and to Camp Lockett on 10 December 1941.
They were next assigned to the Armored Force on 12 June 1942, and relocated to Fort Benning, Georgia on 10 July 1942, where they prepared to be inactivated and reorganized. The 11th Cavalry Regiment was inactivated on 15 July 1942 at Fort Benning, with personnel and equipment concurrently transferred to the 11th Armored Regiment, with concurrent development of the 11th Cavalry Group, and the 11th Tank Group. The remainder of the 11th Cavalry was disbanded on 26 October 1944.
The 11th Armored Regiment was constituted on 11 July 1942 in the Army of the United States, assigned to the 10th Armored Division (AD), and organized at Fort Benning on 15 July 1942 from the personnel and equipment of the 11th Cavalry Regiment. The motto on the unit insignia is "Allons", which means "Let's Go" in French.
The regiment moved to Murfreesboro, Tennessee, on 22 June 1943, and then Fort Gordon on 5 September 1943. 11th Armored Regiment was broken up on 20 September 1943, and its elements were distributed as follows:
As part of the 10th Armored Division, the 11th Tank Battalion shipped out from the New York Port of Embarkation on 13 September 1944, and landed in France on 23 September 1944. The battalion participated in the Rhineland, Ardennes-Alsace, and Central Europe Campaigns, and was located at Schongau, Bavaria, Germany on 14 August 1945. The battalion returned to the Hampton Roads Port of Embarkation on 13 October 1945, was inactivated at Camp Patrick Henry in Virginia on the same day.