The National Payroll Institute is a professional association representing payroll workers in Canada. The Institute was formed in 1978 as the Canadian Payroll Association, and rebranded in 2022. The Institute offers two certification programs for payroll administrators and managers, and advocates for the profession and employers' interests through government lobbying and its magazine, Dialogue.

Since 1995, the Institute has hosted National Payroll Week in Canada, coinciding with the observance in other countries.

The CPA was founded in 1978 by a group of payroll practitioners who proposed changes to the first Record of Employment (ROE) form. They advocate on behalf of employers to federal and provincial/territorial governments, seeking to proactively influence payroll- and benefits-related legislation to enable all stakeholders to administer them in an efficient and effective manner.^{[citation needed]}

As of 2005, the association had over 10,000 members and 75% of Canadian employees were paid through member companies.

The association changed its name from Canadian Payroll Association to National Payroll Institute in 2022.

A series of surveys by the association have shown that about half of Canadians live from paycheque to paycheque.

The CPA offers two Certifications, Payroll Compliance Professional (PCP) and Payroll Leadership Professional (PLP, formerly Certified Payroll Manager, CPM). The required courses for each certification are:

Certification holders are required to: