Catherine
Princess of Wales
Catherine in 2023
Born	Catherine Elizabeth Middleton (1982-01-09) 9 January 1982 (age 43) Reading, Berkshire, England
Spouse	William, Prince of Wales (m. 2011)
Issue	Prince George of Wales Princess Charlotte of Wales Prince Louis of Wales
House	Windsor (by marriage)
Father	Michael Middleton
Mother	Carole Goldsmith

Alma mater	Marlborough College British Institute of Florence University of St Andrews (MA Hons)
Signature

The King
The Queen
- The Prince of Wales
  The Princess of Wales
  - Prince George of Wales
  - Princess Charlotte of Wales
  - Prince Louis of Wales
- The Duke of Sussex
  The Duchess of Sussex
  - Prince Archie of Sussex
  - Princess Lilibet of Sussex

The Princess Royal
The Duke of York
- Princess Beatrice
- Princess Eugenie
The Duke of Edinburgh
The Duchess of Edinburgh

Catherine, Princess of Wales (born Catherine Elizabeth Middleton;^[a] 9 January 1982), is a member of the British royal family. She is married to William, Prince of Wales, heir apparent to the British throne.

Born in Reading, Catherine grew up in Bucklebury, Berkshire. She was educated at St Andrew's School and Marlborough College before earning a degree in art history at the University of St Andrews in Scotland, where she met Prince William in 2001 and graduated in 2005. She held several jobs and pursued charity work before their engagement was announced in November 2010. She became Duchess of Cambridge by her marriage on 29 April 2011 at Westminster Abbey. The couple have three children: George, Charlotte, and Louis.

Following her marriage, Catherine has undertaken royal duties and commitments in support of the British monarch. She has represented the royal family on official overseas tours and has played a significant role in various charitable activities by undertaking projects through the Royal Foundation, with her charity work primarily focusing on issues surrounding early childhood care, addiction, and art. Catherine is patron of multiple charitable and military organisations including the Anna Freud Centre, Action for Children, SportsAid, and the National Portrait Gallery. To encourage people to discuss their mental health problems, she envisioned the mental health awareness campaign Heads Together, which she launched with her husband William and brother-in-law Harry in April 2016.

Catherine's relationship with the media has been closely scrutinised, particularly regarding her efforts to maintain privacy amidst significant media attention and public interest. The media have referred to her impact on British and American fashion as the "Kate Middleton effect". Time listed her as one of the most influential people in the world in 2011, 2012 and 2013. On 9 September 2022, she became Princess of Wales when William was created Prince of Wales by his father, King Charles III.

Early life and education

[edit]

Catherine Elizabeth Middleton was born on 9 January 1982 at the Royal Berkshire Hospital in Reading into an upper-middle-class family with ties to the landed gentry.^[6]^[7] Her parents, Michael Middleton^[8] and Carole (née Goldsmith),^[9] were a flight dispatcher and flight attendant at British Airways, respectively. She was baptised at St Andrew's Bradfield, a local parish church, on 20 June 1982.^[10]^[11]^[12] She has two younger siblings, Philippa ("Pippa") and James.^[13]^[14] Her paternal family benefited financially from trust funds; her great-grandparents Noël and Olive Middleton played host to members of the British royal family in the 1920s through to the 1940s.^[15]^[16]^[17] Her maternal family are descended from coal miners and have been described as working-class.^[18]^[19]

Middleton's family moved from Bradfield Southend, Berkshire, to Amman, Jordan, in May 1984, where Catherine attended an English-language nursery school.^[20]^[21] When her family returned to Berkshire in September 1986, she was enrolled aged four at St Andrew's School, a private school near Pangbourne in Berkshire.^[22] She boarded part-weekly at St Andrew's in her later years.^[23] In 1987 her mother founded Party Pieces, a privately held mail order company that sold party supplies and decorations.^[24]^[25] In 1995 the family moved to the village of Bucklebury^[26]^[27] where Catherine studied at Downe House School.^[28] She was a boarder at Marlborough College, a co-educational boarding school in Wiltshire,^[29]^[30] where she showed talent in sport and was captain of the girls' field hockey team.^[31] While attending the school, she was awarded a gold Duke of Edinburgh Award.^[32]^[33] She also underwent an operation on the left side of her head, reportedly to remove a lump, during the same period.^[34]

Despite being offered a place at the University of Edinburgh,^[35] Middleton took a gap year, studying at the British Institute of Florence in Italy and travelling to Chile to participate in a Raleigh International programme.^[36] She worked as a deckhand at the Port of Southampton in the summer preceding university.^[37] She subsequently enrolled at the University of St Andrews in Fife, Scotland, where she initially studied psychology before focusing solely on art history.^[38] She worked part-time as a waitress during her studies.^[33] Middleton was an active member of The Lumsden Club, which held fundraisers and community projects each year.^[39] In 2005 she graduated from the University of St Andrews with an undergraduate Master of Arts (2:1 Hons) in Art History.^[40]

Personal life

[edit]

Relationship with Prince William

[edit]

In 2001 Middleton met Prince William while they were students in residence at St Salvator's Hall at the University of St Andrews.^[41]^[b] She reportedly caught William's eye at a charity fashion show at the university in 2002 when she appeared on the stage wearing a see-through lace dress.^[43] The couple began dating in 2003.^[44] During their second year, Middleton shared a flat with William and two other friends.^[45] From 2003 until 2005, they both resided at Balgove House on the Strathtyrum estate with two roommates.^[46] In 2004 the couple briefly split but later rekindled their relationship.^[47]

After her graduation, Middleton and her family faced intensive tabloid press scrutiny due to her relationship with William.^[48] In November 2006, she commenced part-time work for twelve months as an accessories buyer with the clothing chain Jigsaw.^[49]^[50] She also worked as a project manager in the family business, where she was responsible for the website and catalogue.^[51]^[52]

Middleton attended William's Passing Out Parade at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst in December 2006.^[53]^[54] In April 2007, they ended their relationship.^[55]^[56] It was subsequently reported that the couple had reconciled.^[57] In May 2008, Middleton attended the wedding of William's cousin Peter Phillips to Autumn Kelly in place of William, and met Queen Elizabeth II for the first time.^[58]^[59]

Middleton also attended the Order of the Garter procession at Windsor Castle in June 2008, where William was made a Royal Knight of the Garter.^[60] In July 2008, she was a guest at the wedding of Lady Rose Windsor and George Gilman while William was away on military operations in the Caribbean, serving aboard HMS Iron Duke.^[61] In June 2010, the couple moved into a cottage on the Bodorgan Estate in Anglesey, Wales, where William resided during his RAF search and rescue training and subsequent career.^[62]^[63] Before her marriage, Middleton lived with her sister Pippa in an apartment owned by their parents in Chelsea, London.^[64]

Marriage and children

[edit]

Middleton and William became engaged in October 2010, at a remote alpine cabin on Mount Kenya^[65] during a ten-day trip to the Lewa Wildlife Conservancy to celebrate the prince's passing the RAF helicopter search and rescue course.^[66]^[67] Clarence House announced the engagement on 16 November that year.^[68]^[69] William gave her the engagement ring that had belonged to his mother, Diana, Princess of Wales. Middleton was confirmed into the Church of England on 10 March at St James's Palace by the Bishop of London, with her family and William in attendance, preceding her wedding.^[70]^[71]

The couple married on 29 April 2011 at Westminster Abbey on St Catherine's Day.^[72] The day was declared a bank holiday in the United Kingdom.^[72] Estimates of the global audience for the wedding ranged around 300 million or more, whilst 26 million watched the event live in Britain alone.^[73]^[74]^[75] Her wedding dress was designed by Sarah Burton at Alexander McQueen.^[76] Catherine was styled as "Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Cambridge".^[77] The couple were given the country home Anmer Hall, on the Sandringham House estate, as a wedding gift from the Queen.^[78] Following their marriage in 2011, the couple used Nottingham Cottage as their London residence.^[79] They moved into the four-storey, 20-room Apartment 1A at Kensington Palace in 2013. Renovations took 18 months at a cost of £4.5 million.^[80] Kensington Palace became William and Catherine's main residence in 2017.^[81] The couple and their children officially moved into Adelaide Cottage in Windsor in September 2022.^[82]

In December 2012, St James's Palace announced that Catherine was pregnant with her first child. The announcement was made earlier in the pregnancy than is usual as she had been admitted to King Edward VII's Hospital suffering from hyperemesis gravidarum, a severe form of morning sickness.^[83] She gave birth to Prince George at St Mary's Hospital, London, in July 2013.^[84] The severe morning sickness returned with the subsequent pregnancies, forcing Catherine to cancel her official engagements.^[85] She gave birth to Princess Charlotte in May 2015^[86] and to Prince Louis in April 2018.^[87]^[88] George, Charlotte and Louis were respectively third, fourth and fifth in the line of succession to the British throne at the times of their births. Following the death of Queen Elizabeth II, they are now second, third, and fourth in line to the throne.^[89] William and Catherine have owned two English Cocker Spaniels, named Lupo and Orla.^[90]^[91]

Health

[edit]

Kensington Palace announced in January 2024 that Catherine had undergone a planned abdominal surgery for an undisclosed medical condition at the London Clinic.^[92]^[93] She postponed all of her public engagements and duties through March that year.^[94] The subsequent speculation about her absence from public view prompted various conspiracy theories about her health and garnered extensive media attention.^[95]^[96] The speculation largely started after William withdrew from the thanksgiving service of his godfather, Constantine II of Greece, where he was slated to speak, citing an undisclosed "personal matter".^[97]

Catherine announced on 22 March, through a video message filmed by BBC Studios, that post-operative tests had found cancer, and the palace said she had been undergoing chemotherapy since late February.^[98]^[99] Her medical leave from public engagements was subsequently extended.^[100] She made her first public appearance after her cancer diagnosis at the 2024 Trooping the Colour in June, having mentioned in a letter released by Kensington Palace the previous day that she was still undergoing treatment for cancer.^[101]^[102] She continued to make occasional appearances over the following months amidst her ongoing cancer treatment.^[103] In September 2024, Catherine, in a video message released by Kensington Palace, revealed that she had completed her chemotherapy treatment and that she was looking forward to resuming public engagements in the coming months.^[104] In October 2024, she accompanied William on a visit to meet the families of the victims of the 2024 Southport stabbing, marking her first official public engagement since the completion of her chemotherapy treatment.^[105]^[106] In January 2025, Catherine visited the Royal Marsden Hospital, where she received her treatment for cancer, to thank doctors and nurses and meet with patients, marking her first solo public engagement since the completion of her chemotherapy treatment. In an announcement, she also revealed that her cancer was in remission.^[107]^[108]

Public life

[edit]

Within the United Kingdom

[edit]

Middleton's first public appearance with Prince William following their engagement announcement in November 2010 was at a fundraising event organised by the Teenage Cancer Trust in December 2010.^[109] She made her first official public appearance in February 2011, when the couple attended a lifeboat-naming ceremony in Trearddur, near their home at that time in Anglesey, North Wales.^[110]^[111] In March 2011, the couple toured Belfast.^[112] Catherine's first official engagement after her wedding came in May that year when she and William met Barack and Michelle Obama at Buckingham Palace.^[113] Reporters noted that warm words had been exchanged between the two families.^[114] In October 2011, she undertook her first solo engagement at a reception for In Kind Direct, hosted at Clarence House, stepping in for Prince Charles.^[115] In March 2012, Catherine gave her first public speech for the opening of a children's hospice opened by her patronage, East Anglia's Children's Hospices.^[116] She and William were announced as ambassadors for the 2012 Summer Olympics in London.^[117] As part of her role, Catherine attended numerous sporting events throughout the games.^[118] She and William also attended celebrations of Queen Elizabeth II's Diamond Jubilee throughout 2012 including the Thames Diamond Jubilee Pageant in July.^[119]^[120]

In June 2019, Catherine took the royal first salute, typically received by the Queen, at the Beating Retreat military pageant.^[121] In October 2020, William and Catherine met President Volodymyr Zelensky of Ukraine and First Lady Olena Zelenska at Buckingham Palace, the first royal engagement held at the residence since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.^[122] The meeting was well received, with President Zelensky later expressing gratitude for the royal couple's solidarity with Ukraine and its people.^[123] In December that year, the couple embarked on a three-day tour of England, Scotland, and Wales via the British Royal Train "to pay tribute to the inspiring work of individuals, organisations and initiatives across the country" in 2020.^[124]^[125] Boris Johnson expressed his support for the initiative, while First Minister of Scotland Nicola Sturgeon criticised the tour, citing travel restrictions; UK, Scottish and Welsh governments were consulted before planning the tour.^[126]^[127] Catherine and William attended the G7 summit for the first time in June 2021 in Cornwall.^[128] She also met Jill Biden for the first time, marked by a warm welcome, as they toured Connor Downs Academy engaging with students and discussing early education initiatives in a roundtable discussion.^[129]^[130]

In September 2022, Catherine and William visited Anglesey and Swansea which marked their first visit to Wales since becoming Princess and Prince of Wales.^[131] In February 2023, they visited Falmouth marking their first visit to the region since becoming Duke and Duchess of Cornwall, titles that are automatically bestowed upon the monarch's eldest son and his spouse.^[132]

Outside the United Kingdom

[edit]

Catherine and William's first royal tour of Canada took place in June–July 2011.^[133] The tour's two-day trip to California was also her first visit to the United States.^[134] Nicholas Witchell, writing for BBC News, noted that the tour to Canada had been an "unqualified success" for the couple as they engaged in various activities from tree planting to street hockey, with their warm interactions and thoughtful gestures enhancing their popularity and reinforcing positive sentiments towards the monarchy in Canada.^[135] In September 2012, the couple embarked on a tour of Singapore, Malaysia, Tuvalu, and the Solomon Islands to commemorate Elizabeth II's Diamond Jubilee across the Commonwealth.^[136] During this overseas visit, she made her first official speech abroad, while visiting a hospice in Malaysia, drawing on her experience as patron of East Anglia's Children's Hospices.^[137]

The couple and their son visited Australia and New Zealand in April 2014.^[138] The prime minister of Australia, Tony Abbott, referred to their tour as "one of the very best royal visits" Australia had experienced.^[139] In June, they visited France to attend an event commemorating 70 years since the Normandy landings at Gold Beach.^[140] The couple visited the United States in December that year.^[141] The tour was a success, featuring diplomatic engagements such as a visit to the National September 11 Memorial & Museum, the couple's personal interests and attending an NBA match between the Brooklyn Nets and the Cleveland Cavaliers.^[142]^[143]

In October 2015, Catherine attended her first state banquet at Buckingham Palace, held to host Chinese president Xi Jinping.^[144]^[145] In April 2016, she and William undertook a tour to India and Bhutan.^[146] In October that year, Catherine made her first solo overseas trip to The Netherlands.^[147] Countries visited by the couple in 2017 include France, Poland, Germany, and Belgium.^[148]^[149]^[150] Their tour to Germany and Poland was successful, with author Katie Nicholl referring to it as a "P.R. victory for Britain".^[151] She visited Luxembourg City in May 2017 for the Treaty of London commemorations.^[152] In January 2018, the couple visited Sweden and Norway.^[153] In February 2019, they carried out a two-day visit of Northern Ireland, visiting Belfast, Fermanagh, and Ballymena.^[154] The purpose of the visit was to celebrate the country's youth and acknowledge the progress made in overcoming the region's divisions over the past twenty years.^[155] The couple visited Pakistan in October 2019; it was the royal family's first visit to the country in 13 years.^[156] The tour was a success, helping promote diplomatic relations with Pakistan while also reflecting the couple's personal interests in climate change and the significance of quality education.^[157] In March 2020, they carried out a three-day tour of Ireland, visiting three of the country's counties.^[158]

In February 2022, Catherine visited Denmark to learn about the country's plans for the social and emotional development of young people and also to celebrate milestones of both countries' monarchs.^[159] In March that year, she and William embarked on a tour of Belize, The Bahamas and Jamaica to commemorate Elizabeth II's Platinum Jubilee.^[160] Reparations for slavery emerged as a major demand of public protesters during the couple's visit.^[161]

Charity work

[edit]

Patronages

[edit]

Catherine has been involved with charity work both before and after her marriage. In 2007 she curated a photography exhibition to mark the book launch of Time to Reflect by Alistair Morrison to raise funds for the UNICEF.^[162] In 2008 she visited Naomi's House Hospice, where she spent time with children.^[163] Later that year, she organised a 1980s-themed roller disco fundraiser which raised £100,000, split between Oxford Children's Hospital and the mental health charity Place2Be.^[164] While working for her parents' company, she began organising events for the Starlight Children's Foundation, which helps terminally ill youth.^[165] She also helped coordinate the Boodles Boxing Ball, which raised money for the charity.^[166]

Following her marriage, Catherine assumed royal duties and commitments in support of the British monarch.^[167] In March 2011, she and William set up a gift fund held by The Foundation of Prince William and Prince Harry to allow well-wishers who wanted to give them a wedding gift to donate money to charities they care about instead.^[168] The gift fund supported 26 charities of the couple's choice, incorporating the armed forces, children, the elderly, art, sport and conservation.^[169]^[170] In June 2012, The Foundation of Prince William and Prince Harry was renamed to reflect Catherine's contribution to the charity.^[171] It is now known as The Royal Foundation of The Prince and Princess of Wales.^[172]

Catherine's charity work primarily focuses on issues surrounding young children, mental health, sport, addiction and art.^[173] Her impact on charitable donations and project visibility has been called the "Kate effect".^[174]^[175] She holds a number of charitable patronages.^[c] Catherine, being an art history graduate, also takes an interest in art and handpicked The Art Room, which helped disadvantaged children access art therapy before its closure,^[179] as well as the National Portrait Gallery.^[180] She acquired patronage of the Lawn Tennis Association, the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club, Action for Children, and the Royal Photographic Society after they were passed down by Queen Elizabeth II.^[181]^[182]^[183] She became patron of the Foundling Museum, a museum to commemorate the Foundling Hospital, in 2019.^[184] Catherine was also a local volunteer leader with The Scout Association in north Wales,^[185] of which Queen Elizabeth II was patron, before being made co-president in September 2020, alongside the Duke of Kent.^[173]^[186]

Sport

[edit]

Catherine is a keen sportswoman and attends Wimbledon annually.^[187]^[188]^[189] She has been patron of the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club since 2016.^[190] Catherine, who enjoys sailing, has occasionally taken part in the sport to raise money for charity.^[191] In 2012 together with her husband and his brother Harry, Catherine launched Coach Core. The programme was set up following the 2012 Olympics to provide apprenticeship opportunities for people who desire to pursue a career as a professional coach.^[192] In 2014 she and William were awarded Honorary Life Membership of the Marylebone Cricket Club.^[193] In July 2019, she lent her support to Backyard Nature, a campaign created to inspire "children, families and communities to get outside and engage with nature".^[194] In February 2022, she became patron of the Rugby Football Union and the Rugby Football League, both governing bodies that were previously supported by her brother-in-law Harry.^[195]

Military and armed forces

[edit]

In 2014 Catherine wrote the foreword for Living in the Slipstream: Life as an RAF Wife, whose proceeds raised money for charity.^[196] In December 2015, she assumed patronage of the Royal Air Force Air Cadets^[197] for youths 12–19 years of age. The Duke of Edinburgh, who had been patron of the RAF Cadets for 63 years, formally handed over during an audience at Buckingham Palace.^[198] Since acquiring patronage of the RAF Cadets, she has made visits to their base in Cambridgeshire^[199] and celebrated their 75th anniversary in 2016.^[200] In October 2022, she became patron to Preet Chandi, a medical officer in the British Army, who aimed to complete a 1,000-mile solo expedition in the South Pole after finishing a 700-mile journey in the continent earlier that year.^[201]

Health and medical initiatives

[edit]

In her capacity as patron of Action on Addiction, Catherine has occasionally made visits to its centres, spending time with recovering addicts.^[202]^[203]^[204] In October 2012, she, alongside Action on Addiction, launched the M-PACT programme (Moving Parents and Children Together), one of the only UK programmes to focus specifically on the impact of drug addiction on families.^[205] In June 2021, Catherine was announced as patron of The Forward Trust after its merger with Action on Addiction.^[206] As patron, she launched a campaign titled "Taking Action on Addiction".^[207]

In January 2018, locks of Catherine's hair were reportedly donated to the Little Princess Trust, a charity which made wigs for children diagnosed with cancer.^[208] In February that year, she became patron of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists.^[209]^[210] She also launched Nursing Now, a three-year worldwide campaign to raise awareness about the profile of nurses.^[211]^[212] She has written of her family ties with nursing; her grandmother, Valerie Middleton, and her great-grandmother, Olive Middleton, were both VAD nurses for the British Red Cross.^[213]^[210]^[214] During the COVID-19 pandemic, Catherine undertook many in-person and virtual engagements supporting National Health Service workers.^[215]^[216] She discreetly volunteered with the Royal Voluntary Service during the same period.^[217]

Catherine has worked extensively in children's palliative care alongside East Anglia's Children's Hospices^[218] and undertakes private visits to children's hospices and their families.^[219]^[218] She made her first public address at the opening of their Ipswich facility in 2012 after being announced as their patron in January that year.^[220]^[221] She has carried out engagements to raise awareness of Children's Hospice Week since 2013.^[222] In January 2025, she was announced as the joint royal patron of the Royal Marsden Hospital alongside Prince William, who has been its president since 2007.^[107] Later that month, Catherine was also announced as patron of Tŷ Hafan, a children's hospice centre in Wales.^[223]

Photography

[edit]

Catherine has called herself an "enthusiastic amateur photographer"^[224] and has taken official portraits of her children, as well as other members of the royal family.^[225] In 2019 she supported workshops run by the Royal Photographic Society in partnership with Action for Children to highlight the effect of photography in expressing thoughts in young people.^[226] As patron of the Royal Photographic Society she and other photographers took part in an exhibition that marked 75 years since the end of the Holocaust.^[227] Photos taken by Catherine of the Holocaust survivors were later included in an exhibition at the Imperial War Museum.^[228] Catherine curated an exhibition of Victorian photography at the National Portrait Gallery with a thematic focus on childhood.^[229] In May 2020, she launched "Hold Still", a project to capture people's life during lockdown, which garnered 31,000 submissions.^[230] In October 2020, the selected portraits were displayed on 112 public sites, including billboards, murals, and posters, across 80 towns and cities.^[231] The photographs were later published in a book titled Hold Still: A Portrait of Our Nation in 2020, with a foreword written by Catherine, on 7 May 2021.^[232]

Community causes

[edit]

Catherine has been hosting a Christmas carol concert called Together At Christmas annually at Westminster Abbey since December 2021 with the theme varying each year.^[233] In March 2022 amid the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Catherine and William made a donation to help the refugees.^[234] In February 2023, they donated to the Disasters Emergency Committee (DEC) which was helping victims of the 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquake.^[235] In July 2024, she and William made donations to help victims of Hurricane Beryl.^[236]

Environmental causes

[edit]

Catherine has emphasised the importance of environmental sustainability and the benefits of spending time in nature.^[237]^[238] She designed the "Back to Nature Garden" together with the landscape architects Andree Davies and Adam White in 2019.^[239]^[240] The garden was later expanded and moved to Hampton Court Palace as a part of the Hampton Court Palace Flower Show,^[241] before being shown at the Back to Nature Festival at RHS Garden Wisley.^[242] A playground, inspired by the "Back to Nature" garden, was built on the Sandringham Estate in 2021.^[243] In May 2023, Catherine hosted the first children's picnic at the Chelsea Flower Show for students from ten primary schools who were participating in the Royal Horticultural Society's Campaign for School Gardening.^[244]^[245]

Mental health advocacy

[edit]

Catherine has tackled issues surrounding mental health and disabilities and has previously made visits to charities and hospitals such as St Thomas' Hospital and the Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute to spend time with mothers and children who deal with these issues.^[246]^[247] She has also been credited with raising national awareness of children's mental health; Benita Refson, president of Place2Be, has praised her work, saying that she would "shine the spotlight on child mental health", while Peter Fonagy, CEO of the Anna Freud Centre has called her one of the most important figures in the field, and stated that "to the millions of children who have been suffering in silence, she is their voice".^[248]^[249] In recognition of their work with charities concerned with children's mental health, Catherine and William were awarded the Gold Blue Peter badge, an award previously granted to Queen Elizabeth II.^[250] To encourage people to open up about their mental health issues, Catherine, William and Harry initiated the mental health awareness campaign "Heads Together" in April 2016.^[251] She later voluntarily talked about her struggles as a mother, and admitted that she suffered a "lack of confidence" and "feelings of ignorance" during certain periods of time.^[251]^[252]

Catherine has discussed her experiences with "mum guilt" in balancing work/life commitments, and described bringing her newborn home from the hospital for the first time as "terrifying".^[253] She has also highlighted the importance of "a happy home" and "a safe environment" for children, and described her "passion" for the outdoors, referencing it as an asset to building childhood wellbeing and developmental foundations.^[254] She launched the Mentally Healthy Schools website, which helps the students and staff with access "to reliable and practical resources to improve awareness, knowledge and confidence in supporting pupils' mental health".^[255] After two years of development, the website had more than 250,000 visitors accessing its resources.^[256]^[257] Catherine guest-edited HuffPost UK as part of an effort to raise awareness for children's mental health issues.^[258]^[259]

In 2019 Catherine worked with the Royal Horticultural Society as one of the co-designers for a garden display at the Chelsea Flower Show.^[260] In May 2019, as a part of their "Heads Together" initiative, Catherine, her husband and her in-laws launched Shout, a text messaging service for those who have mental issues.^[261] In March 2020, she and William started supporting a new mental health initiative by the Public Health England amidst the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom.^[262] In April 2020, the couple announced Our Frontline, an initiative providing mental health support to emergency medical workers.^[263]

In February 2021, Catherine recorded a video message about the importance of positive mental health during the pandemic.^[264] She made a surprise appearance on CBeebies Bedtime Stories, where she read The Owl Who Was Afraid of the Dark by Jill Tomlinson as part of the conclusion of Children's Mental Health Week in February 2022.^[265] In May that year, she became patron of the Maternal Mental Health Alliance.^[266] In October, to mark World Mental Health Day, she and William took over Newsbeat and interviewed four guests on topics related to mental health.^[267] The following year, the couple took part in a forum for young people in Birmingham, alongside BBC Radio 1 and a charity called The Mix, called Exploring our Emotional Worlds continuing their longstanding work to promote mental well-being.^[268] In December 2024, she and William announced that they were jointly funding a pilot scheme with the charity Norfolk and Waveney Mind to offer extra support for rural and farming communities on the Sandringham estate.^[269]

Early years and childhood development

[edit]

During the initial years of her charity work, Catherine became interested in the connection between the first five years of childhood and conditions such as homelessness, mental health, and addiction in later life.^[270] In March 2018, she hosted a symposium with the Royal Society of Medicine, focusing on children's health, and launched the Early Years Intervention Support initiative.^[271] In May that year, she established the Early Years Steering Group.^[272]^[273] In January 2020, Catherine launched "5 Big Questions on the Under 5's", a nationwide survey on development during early years.^[274] The survey was conducted by Ipsos MORI and contained "further qualitative and ethnographic research" on the early years.^[275] It received more than 500,000 responses.^[276] The results of the survey were released in November 2020.^[277] The findings outlined five key topics surrounding early childhood, including parental mental health and wider community health and support.^[278] In July 2020, she supported and assisted in the development of BBC's "Tiny Happy People" initiative, providing free digital resources to parents with young children.^[279] In August 2020, she headed a donation drive to benefit baby banks nationwide which spurred more than 10,000 donations.^[280]^[281] In June 2021, Catherine launched the Royal Foundation Centre for Early Childhood to conduct work, research, and campaigns with other organisations on issues surrounding the early years.^[282]

In February 2022, Catherine visited Denmark on behalf of the Royal Foundation Centre for Early Childhood.^[283]^[284]^[285] In June that year, she hosted her first roundtable discussion with politicians on early childhood development.^[286] In January 2023, Catherine launched the Shaping Us initiative through the Royal Foundation Centre for Early Childhood, a long-term campaign aimed at raising awareness about early childhood development and its importance.^[287] In November that year, she delivered the keynote speech at The Shaping Us National Symposium held at The Design Museum in London.^[288]

Public image

[edit]

Catherine (holding Prince Louis at right) wore dresses designed by Alexander McQueen at Trooping the Colour in 2013 and 2019 respectively.

Fashion

[edit]

Catherine, prominent for her fashion style, has been placed on numerous "best dressed" lists.^[289] She topped Tatler's best-dressed list in 2022,^[290] and was ranked first by the magazine on its list of the most glamorous European royals in 2024.^[291] Her style has evolved from more conservative choices in the early years of her public life to a sophisticated and elegant wardrobe, often featuring designs by Alexander McQueen, Jenny Packham, Catherine Walker and international designers such as Dolce & Gabbana and Gucci.^[292]^[293]^[294] The "Kate Middleton effect" is the trend that she is reported to have had in sales of particular products and brands.^[295]^[296]^[297]^[298] In 2021 it was reported that Catherine boosted the British fashion industry up to £1 billion within a year.^[295]

Public opinion and influence

[edit]

Catherine's influence has made her a significant asset to the royal family's public image, enhancing their appeal and influence, a view echoed by the journalists Camilla Tominey, who described her as "the monarchy's greatest asset", and Petronella Wyatt, who called her "the jewel in the crown".^[299]^[300]^[301] Rhonda Garelick of The New York Times has also noted her ability to balance modernity with traditional royal norms.^[302] Speaking to The Times on Catherine's 40th birthday, her aides stated that she does not accept "advice on a PR basis" and that she will "never do something because she thinks the media will like it."^[303] Jamie Lowther-Pinkerton, her and William's former private secretary, stated that "she has that almost old-fashioned, Queen Mother attitude to drama – she just doesn't do it."^[303] She has been described as influential by The Times who noted that like Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, and King Charles III and Queen Camilla, she and William are "a good double act."^[304]

Time magazine listed Catherine as one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2011, 2012, and 2013.^[305] In 2011 and 2024, she was one of the runners-up for the magazine's Person of the Year award.^[306]^[307] From 2023 to 2025, The Independent included Catherine on its "Influence List".^[308] In December 2022, she was found to be the second most liked member of the royal family by the statistics and polling company YouGov,^[309] while an Ipsos favourability poll in April 2023 suggested that she was the most liked member.^[310] In April 2024, YouGov found her to be the most popular member of the royal family.^[311] In 2024 Catherine was found to be the most searched person on Google Search in the United Kingdom and the second most searched person globally.^[312]^[313]

Privacy and the media

[edit]

The death of Diana, Princess of Wales, while being chased by paparazzi in August 1997^[314] has influenced Catherine's and William's attitude towards the media.^[315] They have often requested that, when off-duty, their privacy should be respected.^[315]

In April 2004, The Sun published pictures of Middleton with William at a ski resort and alleged that she was his girlfriend.^[316] After her graduation from university, Middleton was faced with widespread press attention and was often photographed by the paparazzi.^[48] In October 2005, she complained through her lawyer about harassment from the media stating she had done nothing significant to warrant publicity and complained that photographers were permanently stationed outside her flat.^[317]^[318] Dickie Arbiter, who previously served as a press secretary to the royal family, stated that her treatment by the press drew parallels to the tumultuous experience of Diana in the early years of her marriage.^[319] Between 2005 and 2006, Middleton's phone was hacked 155 times according to former News of the World royal editor Clive Goodman, who was involved in a phone hacking scandal by the newspaper that targeted the royal family.^[320] In 2005, after Middleton was chased by the paparazzi on her way to an interview, William consulted her and her father and penned a legal letter to newspapers requesting that they respect her privacy.^[321] In April 2006, her lawyers issued new warnings to several newspapers and picture agencies after they published photographs of Middleton on a bus during a shopping trip.^[322]

Media attention increased around the time of Middleton's 25th birthday in January 2007, prompting warnings from Prince Charles, Prince William, and Middleton's lawyers, who threatened legal action.^[323]^[317]^[324] Two newspaper groups decided to refrain from publishing paparazzi pictures of Middleton but continued to use photographs of her at public events.^[325]^[326] In March 2007, her lawyers filed a formal complaint to the Press Complaints Commission (PCC) over a photograph published by the Daily Mirror that was taken as a result of harassment, leading to a settlement and a warning from the PCC.^[327]^[328] In July 2007, MPs on the Culture, Media and Sport Select Committee stated that Middleton was the victim of "clear and persistent harassment" by the paparazzi and criticised the lack of intervention by the PCC.^[328]^[329]

In 2010 Middleton pursued an invasion of privacy claim against two agencies and photographer Niraj Tanna for photographs taken of her playing tennis over Christmas 2009, resulting in £5,000 damages, legal costs, and an apology.^[330]^[331]^[332]^[333] In 2011 close associates of Jonathan Rees, a private investigator connected to the News International phone hacking scandal, stated that he had targeted Catherine during her period as William's girlfriend.^[334]

In May 2011, the Middleton family complained to the PCC after photographs of Catherine, Pippa, and their mother in bikinis while on holiday in 2006 were published in several newspapers.^[335] One of the photographs showed Pippa topless, prompting the family to complain about newspapers breaching the editors' code of practice by invading their privacy.^[335] In September 2011, a deal was negotiated for the images to be removed from the newspapers' websites and never published again.^[336]

In September 2012, the French edition of Closer and the Italian gossip magazine Chi published photographs of Catherine sunbathing topless while on holiday at the Château d'Autet.^[337] On 17 September 2012, William and Catherine filed a criminal complaint with the French prosecution department and launched a claim for civil damages at the Tribunal de Grande Instance de Nanterre.^[338] The following day the courts granted an injunction against Closer, prohibiting further publication of the photographs and announced a criminal investigation would be initiated.^[339] In September 2017, Closer was fined €100,000 and its editor Laurence Pieau and owner Ernesto Mauri were each fined €45,000.^[340]

In December 2012, two Australian radio hosts, Michael Christian and Mel Greig, called King Edward VII's Hospital where Catherine was an in-patient for hyperemesis gravidarum. Pretending to be Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Charles, Greig and Christian spoke to a nurse on Catherine's ward, enquiring about her condition. Following a hospital inquiry and a public backlash against the hoax, Jacintha Saldanha, the nurse who put the call through to the ward, died by suicide.^[341] The radio hosts subsequently apologised for their actions.^[342]

In February 2013, Chi published the first photos of Catherine's exposed pregnant belly, taken during her vacation on the private island of Mustique which the British press refused to publish.^[343] In October 2014, Catherine and William sent a legal letter to a freelance photographer who had put their son George and his nanny "under surveillance", asking the individual to stop "harassing and following" them.^[344] In August 2015, Kensington Palace published a letter detailing what it stated were the "dangerous" and invasive efforts of the media to get paparazzi pictures of Prince George and Princess Charlotte.^[345]

In March 2019, the royal family introduced new rules for followers commenting on its official social media accounts in response to the online abuse aimed at Catherine and her sister-in-law Meghan.^[346] In May 2020, Kensington Palace said that the cover story of Tatler magazine titled "Catherine the Great" contained "a swathe of inaccuracies and false misrepresentations".^[347] In September 2020, after pressure from the couple's lawyers, the magazine removed remarks on Catherine's family and other similar claims from the online version of the story.^[348]

In early March 2024, the Associated Press, AFP, Reuters and Getty Images withdrew from publishing a Mother's Day photograph of Catherine and her children. The photograph was attributed to William and accompanied by a personal message from her.^[349] The Associated Press explained it retracted the photograph because of concerns regarding digital alteration of the image at its source.^[350] AFP and Reuters raised similar concerns.^[351]^[352] The following day, in a message posted by Kensington Palace, Catherine apologised for any confusion created and said she had personally edited the family photograph that was shared publicly.^[353]^[354] The incident occurred after she had begun chemotherapy treatment for cancer, which she announced on 22 March.^[355] In the same month, the London Clinic initiated an investigation into a potential breach of privacy law after up to three staff members were found attempting to access Catherine's private medical records following her discharge from the hospital.^[356]^[357]

Titles, styles, and honours

[edit]

Titles and styles

[edit]

Upon her marriage in April 2011, Catherine became a princess of the United Kingdom, as well as Duchess of Cambridge, Countess of Strathearn, and Baroness Carrickfergus; she also received the style of Royal Highness.^[358]^[359] She was formally known as "Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cambridge" except in Scotland, where she was instead called "Her Royal Highness the Countess of Strathearn".^[360]

Queen Elizabeth II died on 8 September 2022, and Catherine's father-in-law succeeded as Charles III.^[361] Catherine became Duchess of Cornwall and Duchess of Rothesay.^[362]^[363] Thus, she was briefly referred to by the title "Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cornwall and Cambridge".^[364] The following day, on 9 September 2022, the King announced William's appointment as Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester, thereby making Catherine Princess of Wales and Countess of Chester. She has since been known as "Her Royal Highness the Princess of Wales", and as "Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Rothesay" in Scotland.^[365]^[366]

Honours

[edit]

Catherine is a Dame Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (GCVO),^[367] a Royal Companion of the Order of the Companions of Honour (CH),^[368] and a recipient of the Royal Family Order of Elizabeth II.^[369]

Ancestry

[edit]

Catherine's father, Michael, is the son of Captain Peter Francis Middleton, who, along with their Middleton forebears, were from Leeds, West Yorkshire.^[370] The historian Robert Lacey describes Michael Middleton as having aristocratic kinship; his grandmother, Olive Christiana Middleton, was close to her second cousin Baroness Airedale (1868–1942).^[371]^[372] Both Catherine's paternal great-grandmother Olive Middleton (née Lupton) and her first-cousin-once-removed Baroness von Schunck (née Kate Lupton) grew up at Potternewton Hall Estate, the seat of the Lupton family, who are described as landed gentry and, as such, were invited to the coronation of King George V and Queen Mary in 1911.^[373]^[374]^[375] Four successive generations of Catherine's ancestors had lived at Potternewton Hall Estate: Catherine's great-grandmother Olive Middleton; her father, politician Francis Martineau Lupton; his mother, educator Frances Elizabeth Lupton; and her father, epidemiologist and surgeon Thomas Michael Greenhow.^[376]^[377]^[378]

Catherine's maternal ancestors, the Harrisons, were working-class labourers and miners from Sunderland and County Durham who worked in the pits owned by the Bowes-Lyon family.^[379]^[380] Ancestors through her maternal line include Sir Thomas Conyers, 9th Baronet, who was a descendant of Edward IV through his illegitimate daughter Elizabeth Plantagenet.^[381] Other paternal ancestors include Sir Thomas Fairfax and his wife Anne Gascoigne, who was a descendant of Edward III.^[375]^[382]

Bibliography

[edit]

Book contributions

[edit]

"Foreword", in: Bairstow, Alison; Black, Jill; Jeffers, Holly (2014). Living in the Slipstream: Life as an RAF Wife. Book Guild. ISBN 978-1-909716-24-7. Archived from the original on 3 December 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
"Foreword", in: National Portrait Gallery (2021). Hold Still: A Portrait of Our Nation in 2020. National Portrait Gallery Publications. ISBN 978-1-85514-738-6.
"Foreword", in: GCHQ (2022). Puzzles for Spies. National Geographic Books. ISBN 978-0-241-57990-9.

Authored articles and letters

[edit]

"Let's Make a Real Difference for an Entire Generation of Young Children". HuffPost (UK ed.). 17 February 2016. Archived from the original on 29 November 2023.
"An Open Letter from The Duchess of Cambridge to Midwives". The Royal Family. 27 December 2019. Archived from the original on 15 January 2024.
With First Lady Jill Biden (12 June 2021). "This is what our kids deserve". CNN. Archived from the original on 3 November 2023.
"I'm determined to nurture our children in their first crucial years of life. They are our future". The Daily Telegraph. 25 November 2022. Archived from the original on 21 March 2023.
"An open letter from The Princess of Wales". The Royal Foundation Centre for Early Childhood. 28 January 2023. Archived from the original on 2 February 2023.
"Investing in early childhood is a down payment on all our futures". Financial Times. 24 March 2023. Archived from the original on 16 August 2023.
"A Message from The Princess of Wales this Addiction Awareness Week". Action On Addiction. 3 November 2023. Archived from the original on 20 January 2024.
"The Shaping Us Framework: Foreword" (PDF). The Royal Foundation Centre for Early Childhood. 2 February 2025. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 February 2025. Retrieved 2 February 2025.

Notes

[edit]

^ Initially, the media reported her first name as "Kate", which is a diminutive form of "Catherine".^[1] The name "Kate Middleton" persisted in the public sphere despite changes in Catherine's name and titles later in life.^[2]^[3]^[4] The British media opt for "Kate" in their articles as a result of search engine optimisation.^[5]
^ Author Katie Nicholl suggests that the couple met before going to St Andrews through mutual friends while Middleton was a student at Marlborough College.^[42]
^ Among her patronages are Evelina London Children's Hospital, Family Action, the Natural History Museum, NHS Charities Together, SportsAid, the Scouts, the 1851 Trust, and the Victoria and Albert Museum.^[176]^[177]^[178]

References

[edit]

^ Walker, Tim; Eden, Richard (16 August 2013). "What has happened to Prince William's Kate?". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 9 December 2016. Retrieved 31 March 2024.
^ Duboff, Josh (9 September 2016). "It's been five years; why do we still call the Duchess of Cambridge "Kate Middleton"?". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on 10 June 2023. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
^ Kearney, Georgie (24 September 2022). "Kate or Catherine? How the name of Princess of Wales changed after the Queen's death". Seven News. Archived from the original on 24 March 2024. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
^ Hartmann, Margaret (22 March 2024). "Kate Middleton news: A complete guide for daft Americans". New York. Archived from the original on 21 March 2024. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
^ Royston, Jack (23 August 2023). "Why Princess Catherine is still called Kate Middleton in media". Newsweek. Archived from the original on 20 February 2024. Retrieved 28 March 2024.
^ Warde 2013, p. 9; Price 2011, p. 130; Smith 2011, p. 13
^
- "Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge". Current Biography Yearbook. H. W. Wilson. 2011. pp. 116–118. ISBN 978-0-8242-1121-9.
- Rayner, Gordon (13 September 2013). "'Middle-class' Duchess of Cambridge's relative wore crown and attended George V's coronation". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 26 April 2016. Retrieved 26 April 2016.
^ Westfahl 2015, p. 1232.
^ Bradbury, Poppy (3 May 2011). "Kate Middleton's mum's old school hosts royal wedding party". Ealing Gazette. Archived from the original on 21 March 2012.
^ Spencer, Julie (10 June 2017). "Church where Kate Middleton was baptised could become houses". Reading Post. Archived from the original on 22 January 2021. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
^ Jobson 2010, p. 32.
^ Adams, William Lee (14 April 2011). "Kate Middleton's secret confirmation: How religious is the future princess?". Time. Archived from the original on 22 August 2012. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
^ Nicholl 2015, p. 26.
^ Reitwiesner 2011, pp. 9, 16.
^ Smith 2011, p. 13.
^
- Rayner, Gordon (13 September 2013). "'Middle-class' Duchess of Cambridge's relative wore crown and attended George V's coronation". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 21 June 2016. Retrieved 29 September 2016.
- Reed, Michael (2016). "Gledhow Hall". House and Heritage – David Poole. Archived from the original on 6 September 2016. Retrieved 15 August 2016.
- "Headingley Garden Party". Leeds City Council 2021. Archived from the original on 16 May 2021. Retrieved 10 June 2021.
- Tominey, Camilla (19 August 2022). "Duchess of Cambridge's great-great aunt was a mental asylum patient – just like Prince William's great-grandmother". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 21 July 2022.
- Wilson, Christopher (26 July 2013). "The Middletons deserve a title, step forward the Earl and Countess of Fairfax". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 7 May 2016. Retrieved 24 June 2016.
^ "Headrow, Permanent House". Leodis – a Photographic Archive of Leeds. City of Leeds. Archived from the original on 1 July 2016. Retrieved 24 June 2016.
^ "Class no barrier for Kate Middleton". The Sydney Morning Herald. 15 April 2011. Archived from the original on 9 December 2021. Retrieved 11 May 2024.
^ Nicholl, Katie. "Meet the parents". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on 12 April 2015. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
^ Köhler, Nicholas. "Kate Middleton: An uncommon princess". Maclean's. Archived from the original on 5 December 2022. Retrieved 15 September 2021.
^ Rayner, Gordon (7 March 2011). "Kate Middleton family photos reveal her time in Jordan". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 March 2011. Retrieved 11 March 2011.
^ Moody 2013, p. 34.
^ "Duchess of Cambridge returns to St Andrew's School". BBC News. 30 December 2012. Archived from the original on 17 July 2016. Retrieved 29 February 2016.
^ Woods, Judith (16 October 2023). "The real reason Carole Middleton's Party Pieces collapsed (according to the man trying to save it)". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 11 March 2024. Retrieved 11 March 2024.
^ Kleinman, Mark (18 May 2023). "Princess of Wales's parents' party supplies firm sold after brush with insolvency". Sky News. Archived from the original on 18 May 2023. Retrieved 18 May 2023.
^ "Royal wedding: Kate Middleton's home village of Bucklebury prepares for big day". The Daily Telegraph. 12 April 2011. Archived from the original on 12 April 2011. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
^ "Kate Middleton and her family business". CNN Money. Archived from the original on 15 September 2021. Retrieved 15 September 2021.
^ Roberts, Laura (17 November 2010). "Royal wedding: 50 things you may not know about Kate Middleton and Prince William". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 5 June 2014. Retrieved 6 May 2014.
^ "World press gather outside Middleton family home in Bucklebury as royal relationship ends". Newbury Today. 14 April 2007. Archived from the original on 20 September 2011.
^ Joseph 2011, p. 89.
^ "Duchess of Cambridge plays hockey at Olympic park – video". The Guardian. 15 March 2012. Archived from the original on 18 October 2015. Retrieved 23 December 2020.
^ "Kate Middleton: 30 facts about the Duchess of Cambridge". The Daily Telegraph. 9 January 2012. Archived from the original on 29 March 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
^ ^a ^b Henni, Janine (9 January 2024). "Happy birthday, Kate Middleton! 10 things you didn't know about the future Queen". People. Archived from the original on 2 May 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
^ Guinness, Emma (31 July 2024). "Kate Middleton had 'emergency surgery' to remove lump as teenager". The Independent. Archived from the original on 1 August 2024. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
^ Clark, Meredith (18 December 2023). "The making of a Duchess: How Kate Middleton met Prince William". The Independent. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
^ Nicholl 2015, pp. 76–79.
^ Nicholl 2015, p. 82.
^ "Duchess of Cambridge reveals studying psychology at university inspired her charity work". The Daily Telegraph. 21 November 2018. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
^ Ward, Victoria. "Victory for Kate Middleton as men-only university club splinters". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
^ Cramb, Auslan (25 February 2011). "Prince William and Kate Middleton return to St Andrews University for anniversary celebrations". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 11 April 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
^ Cramb, Auslan (25 February 2011). "Prince William and Kate Middleton return to St Andrews University for anniversary celebrations". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 18 July 2015. Retrieved 9 August 2015.
^ "The true story: How Wills and Kate really met". The New Zealand Herald. 13 April 2019. Archived from the original on 12 August 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2020.
^ "Kate Middleton's transparent dress sparks global interest at auction". The Daily Telegraph. 12 March 2011. Archived from the original on 21 June 2018. Retrieved 20 June 2018.
^ Peskoe, Ashley (12 April 2011). "The Start of Prince William and Kate Middleton's Love Story". ABC News. Archived from the original on 17 August 2015. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
^ Rayner, Gordon (17 November 2010). "Royal wedding: schoolgirl dream comes true for Kate Middleton, the 'princess in waiting'". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 21 June 2018. Retrieved 20 June 2018.
^ "Wills and the Real Girl". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on 9 February 2015. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
^ Martin, Laura (14 December 2023). "How did Prince William and Kate Middleton meet (and why did they break up, twice?)". Esquire. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 4 May 2024.
^ ^a ^b Wicks, Kevin. "Kate Middleton: A Paparazzi Target Who Rivals Princess Diana". BBC America. Archived from the original on 23 September 2020. Retrieved 21 November 2020.
^ Moody 2013, p. 104.
^ Lyall, Sarah (21 April 2011). "Fixating on a future royal as elusive as Cinderella". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 7 May 2014. Retrieved 6 May 2014.
^ Barkham, Patrick (26 April 2011). "Kate Middleton: William's very private princess-to-be". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 13 May 2022. Retrieved 21 May 2024.
^ Bickerstaff, Isaac (21 July 2008). "Kate Middleton's parents Carole and Michael face fresh heartache over Party Pieces following the collapse of the business". Tatler. Archived from the original on 6 April 2024. Retrieved 21 May 2024.
^ "William graduates from Sandhurst". BBC News. 15 December 2006. Archived from the original on 10 January 2016. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
^ "Royal wedding: The Kate Middleton story". BBC News. 16 November 2010. Archived from the original on 10 January 2016. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
^ "Prince William splits from Kate". BBC News. 14 April 2007. Archived from the original on 13 November 2010. Retrieved 7 May 2010.
^ Moody 2013, p. 111-112.
^ "'Paparazzi chase' concerns prince". BBC News. 5 October 2007. Archived from the original on 12 December 2009. Retrieved 7 May 2010.
^ Alderson, Andrew; Nikkah, Roya (17 May 2008). "Royal wedding: Peter Phillips and Autumn Kelly tie the knot". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 24 November 2015. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
^ Mackelden, Amy (10 April 2019). "What Kate Middleton and Queen Elizabeth II's relationship is really like". Harper's Bazaar. Archived from the original on 7 April 2019. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
^ Alleyne, Richard (16 June 2008). "Prince William Appointed Knight of the Garter". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 1 May 2011. Retrieved 12 September 2024.
^ Nikkah, Roya (19 July 2008). "Kate Middleton attends another royal wedding". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 9 April 2013. Retrieved 29 March 2011.
^ "Prince William and Kate revisit former home of Anglesey". BBC News. 8 May 2019. Archived from the original on 12 August 2021. Retrieved 21 November 2020.
^ "First look inside the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge's Anglesey home". The Telegraph. 23 September 2013. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022.
^ Roberts, Kayleigh (22 September 2018). "Kate Middleton's net worth before she married Prince William will make your jaw drop". Marie Claire. Archived from the original on 11 March 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2021.
^ Karimi, Faith; McKenzie, David (30 April 2011). "Prince William chose rustic Kenyan cabin for engagement". CNN. Archived from the original on 6 November 2023. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
^ "Prince William to marry Kate Middleton next year". BBC News. 16 November 2010. Archived from the original on 16 November 2010. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
^ "Royal wedding: profile of Kate Middleton". The Daily Telegraph. 16 November 2010. Archived from the original on 18 November 2010. Retrieved 16 November 2010.
^ Moody 2013, p. 139.
^ Perry, Simon (16 November 2010). "Prince William and Kate Middleton are engaged!". People. Archived from the original on 18 March 2023. Retrieved 18 March 2023.
^ "Kate Middleton's confirmed belief". The Guardian. 14 April 2011. Archived from the original on 30 September 2013. Retrieved 16 April 2021.
^ "Kate Middleton confirmed in Church of England". BBC News. 13 April 2011. Archived from the original on 20 December 2017. Retrieved 16 April 2021.
^ ^a ^b Bates, Stephen (23 November 2010). "Royal wedding date set for 29 April". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 17 September 2016. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
^ "The Royal Wedding" (Press release). Broadcasters' Audience Research Board. 17 May 2011. Archived from the original on 27 March 2012. Retrieved 15 July 2011.
^ "William and Kate mark 12th wedding anniversary with photo". BBC News. 29 April 2023. Archived from the original on 25 February 2024. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
^ de Moraes, Lisa (28 April 2011). "The TV Column: Counting royal wedding watchers .?.?. before the wedding?". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 28 September 2013. Retrieved 2 September 2013.
^ "Kate Middleton's bridal dress designed by Sarah Burton". BBC News. 29 April 2011. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
^ Beckford, Martin (29 April 2011). "Royal wedding: Prince William and Kate Middleton become Duke and Duchess of Cambridge". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 3 October 2013. Retrieved 1 August 2013.
^ "Kate and William make media plea for privacy during stay in Norfolk". The Guardian. 7 May 2015. Archived from the original on 28 November 2020. Retrieved 21 November 2020.
^ "New family-size house for Duke and Duchess of Cambridge in his childhood home". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022.
^ Foster, Max (26 June 2014). "Royal palace upgrade for William, Catherine and George costs $7.6 million". CNN. Archived from the original on 12 April 2021. Retrieved 26 June 2014.
^ "Kate Middleton and Prince William are officially moving to London this fall". Vanity Fair. 20 January 2017. Archived from the original on 24 September 2021. Retrieved 1 June 2021.
^ Witchell, Nicholas (22 August 2022). "Adelaide Cottage: William and Kate to move to cottage on Windsor estate". BBC News. Archived from the original on 22 August 2022. Retrieved 22 August 2022.
^ "Royal pregnancy: Duchess leaves hospital". BBC News. 6 December 2012. Archived from the original on 6 December 2012. Retrieved 6 December 2012.
^ "Royal baby: Kate gives birth to boy". BBC News. 22 July 2013. Archived from the original on 23 July 2013. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
^ "Royal baby: Duchess of Cambridge expecting third child". BBC News. 4 September 2017. Archived from the original on 21 May 2018. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
^ "Royal princess named as Charlotte". BBC News. 4 May 2015. Archived from the original on 7 May 2015. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
^ Davies, Caroline (3 May 2015). "Duchess of Cambridge gives birth to baby girl". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 28 July 2017. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
^ "Royal baby: Duke and duchess show off new son". BBC News. 23 April 2018. Archived from the original on 20 June 2018. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
^ "Who's next in line for the throne after King Charles? The British royal family's line of succession in detail". CBS News. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
^ Pasquini, Maria (22 November 2020). "Prince William and Kate Middleton mourn the death of family dog Lupo: 'We will miss him so much'". People. Archived from the original on 22 November 2020. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
^ Petit, Stephanie; Hill, Erin (6 July 2022). "Kate Middleton and Prince William bring their dog Orla to charity polo match!". People. Archived from the original on 6 July 2022. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
^ Rhoden-Paul, Andre; Coughlan, Sean (17 January 2024). "Catherine, Princess of Wales, in hospital after abdominal surgery". BBC News. Archived from the original on 17 January 2024. Retrieved 17 January 2024.
^ Kindelan, Katie (23 March 2024). "Kate Middleton: A timeline of her cancer diagnosis, surgery and absence from public duties". Good Morning America. Archived from the original on 22 March 2024. Retrieved 23 March 2024.
^ Coughlan, Sean (29 January 2024). "King Charles leaves hospital as Kate recovers at home". BBC News. Archived from the original on 29 January 2024. Retrieved 30 January 2024.
^ Relph, Daniela (29 February 2024). "Analysis: A royal dilemma as public curiosity over Kate's health grows". BBC News. Archived from the original on 9 March 2024. Retrieved 11 March 2024.
^ Mercedes Lara, Maria (14 March 2024). "Kate Middleton's Surgery Recovery and Photo Controversy: Everything to Know". People. Archived from the original on 14 March 2024. Retrieved 14 March 2024.
^ Bauder, David (27 March 2024). "The British royal family learns that if you don't fill an information vacuum, someone else will". The Associated Press. Archived from the original on 7 April 2024. Retrieved 10 April 2024.
^ Coughlin, Sean (22 March 2024). "Princess of Wales says she is undergoing cancer treatment". BBC News. Archived from the original on 22 March 2024. Retrieved 22 March 2024.
^ Foster, Max; Said-Moorhouse, Lauren (22 March 2024). "Catherine, Princess of Wales, announces she has cancer". CNN. Archived from the original on 23 March 2024. Retrieved 22 March 2024.
^ Marris, Sharon (23 March 2024). "Kate, Princess of Wales, reveals she is having treatment for cancer". Sky News. Archived from the original on 27 March 2024. Retrieved 8 April 2024.
^ Coughlan, Sean; Smith, Alex (15 June 2024). "Kate returns to public events at Trooping the Colour". BBC News. Archived from the original on 15 June 2024. Retrieved 15 June 2024.
^ Said-Moorhouse, Lauren (15 June 2024). "Catherine, Princess of Wales joins royals on palace balcony as she caps first public appearance since cancer diagnosis". CNN. Archived from the original on 15 June 2024. Retrieved 15 June 2024.
^ Corfield, Gareth (14 July 2024). "Princess of Wales greeted with standing ovation at Wimbledon men's final". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 14 July 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2024.
"Princess of Wales seen with family at church for first time since cancer announcement". The Daily Telegraph. 25 August 2024. Archived from the original on 26 August 2024. Retrieved 27 August 2024.
^ Furness, Hannah (9 September 2024). "Princess of Wales: My chemotherapy is over, now I'm focused on staying cancer-free". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 9 September 2024. Retrieved 9 September 2024.
^ Ward, Victoria (10 October 2024). "Princess of Wales meets Southport families in first public engagement since end of treatment". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
^ Coughlan, Sean (10 October 2024). "Kate makes surprise first public visit since ending chemo". BBC News. Archived from the original on 11 October 2024. Retrieved 11 October 2024.
^ ^a ^b Furness, Hannah (14 January 2025). "Princess of Wales visits cancer hospital where she was treated". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 14 January 2025. Retrieved 14 January 2025.
^ Coughlan, Sean (14 January 2025). "Kate reveals she is in remission from cancer". BBC News. Archived from the original on 14 January 2025. Retrieved 14 January 2025.
^ "William and Kate attend trust show". Belfast Telegraph. 18 December 2010. Archived from the original on 1 May 2024. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
^ "Royal wedding: William and Kate's Anglesey visit". BBC News. 24 February 2011. Archived from the original on 24 February 2011. Retrieved 24 February 2011.
^ "Duchess of Cambridge attends Anglesey ultra marathon". BBC News. 30 August 2013. Archived from the original on 10 January 2016. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
^ "Prince William and Kate Middleton charm Belfast crowds". BBC News. 8 March 2011. Archived from the original on 27 April 2018. Retrieved 28 February 2018.
^ "Barack Obama and Michelle meet Prince William and Kate at Buckingham Palace". The Daily Telegraph. 24 May 2011. Archived from the original on 10 January 2016. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
^ Epstein, Jennifer; Budoff Brown, Carrie (24 May 2011). "The Obamas meet Will and Kate". Politico. Archived from the original on 2 June 2023. Retrieved 1 June 2024.
^ Derschowitz, Jessica (27 October 2011). "Kate takes on first solo royal engagement". CBS News. Archived from the original on 18 January 2024. Retrieved 2 May 2024.
^ Davies, Lizzy (19 March 2012). "Duchess of Cambridge makes first public speech at new hospice". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 12 November 2023. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
^ "Royals made ambassadors of London 2012 Olympic Games". The Guardian. 1 December 2011. Archived from the original on 30 September 2013. Retrieved 13 December 2012.
^ Derschowitz, Jessica (9 August 2012). "Kate, Duchess of Cambridge, gets into the Olympic spirit at London Games". CBS News. Archived from the original on 1 June 2024. Retrieved 1 June 2024.
^ "Kate Middleton pretty in pink Emilia Wickstead at Queen's Jubilee lunch". Marie Claire. 18 May 2012. Archived from the original on 29 March 2018. Retrieved 20 November 2020.
^ "Diamond Jubilee Pageant guests". The Daily Telegraph. 3 June 2012. Archived from the original on 19 April 2021. Retrieved 20 November 2020.
^ Perry, Alice (7 June 2019). "Kate Middleton steps out to honor troops as she takes the salute at spectacular military parade". People. Archived from the original on 8 June 2019. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
^ Foussianes, Chloe (7 October 2020). "Prince William and Kate Middleton meet with Ukraine's President and First Lady at Buckingham Palace". Town and Country. Archived from the original on 10 October 2020. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
^ Jones, Tony (1 March 2022). "Ukraine's president tweets gratitude over William and Kate's social media post". The Independent. Archived from the original on 14 May 2023. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
^ "Covid: William and Kate plan train tour to thank key workers". BBC News. 6 December 2020. Archived from the original on 6 December 2020. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
^ Perry, Simon. "Kate Middleton and Prince William kick off final day of royal train tour with trip to a castle!". People. Archived from the original on 8 December 2020. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
^ Davies, Caroline; Elgot, Jessica (8 December 2020). "Lukewarm welcome for William and Kate in royal tour of Scotland and Wales". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 8 December 2020. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
^ Neilan, Catherine (8 December 2020). "UK drops law-breaking clauses from Internal Market Bill after reaching new Brexit agreement with EU". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
^ Holden, Michael (12 June 2021). "Are you supposed to be enjoying yourselves? Queen Elizabeth asks G7". Reuters. Archived from the original on 30 July 2022. Retrieved 13 June 2021.
^ Bennett, Kate (10 June 2021). "Jill Biden meets and tours school with the Duchess of Cambridge". CNN. Archived from the original on 30 July 2022. Retrieved 13 June 2021.
^ Logan, Elizabeth (11 June 2021). "Kate Middleton gave Jill Biden a very warm welcome in the U.K." Glamour. Archived from the original on 1 February 2023. Retrieved 25 June 2024.
^ "Prince and Princess of Wales visit nation for first time". BBC News. 28 September 2022. Archived from the original on 30 September 2022. Retrieved 30 September 2022.
^ Perry, Simon (9 February 2023). "Kate Middleton and Prince William make first official visit to Cornwall since taking on new titles". People. Archived from the original on 13 March 2023. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
^ Bates, Stephen; Batty, David (30 June 2011). "Canada welcomes William and Kate as they begin first official overseas trip". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 7 December 2022. Retrieved 4 May 2024.
^ "Royal newly-weds to visit US after Canada tour". BBC News. 5 May 2011. Archived from the original on 8 May 2011. Retrieved 9 May 2011.
^ "'Unstuffy royal couple' a hit on Canada tour". BBC News. 9 July 2011. Archived from the original on 3 June 2024. Retrieved 25 June 2024.
^ Singh, Anita (15 December 2011). "Jubilee: royal trip to paradise for Duke and Duchess". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 January 2016. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
^ "Duchess of Cambridge gives first speech abroad". BBC News. 13 September 2012. Archived from the original on 10 January 2016. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
^ "Royal visit: Prince William and Kate arrive in Sydney with Prince George for 10-day Australian tour". ABC News. 15 April 2014. Archived from the original on 25 November 2020. Retrieved 21 November 2020.
^ Witchell, Nicholas (25 April 2014). "Royal tour: Prince George steals the show as support for monarchy rises". BBC News. Archived from the original on 3 June 2024. Retrieved 24 June 2024.
^ Perry, Simon (6 June 2014). "Prince William and Kate meet D-Day veterans in Normandy". People. Archived from the original on 16 May 2023. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
^ Gardner, Bill (9 December 2014). "Duke and Duchess of Cambridge in the USA: live". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 2 March 2018. Retrieved 1 March 2018.
^ Gambino, Lauren (8 December 2014). "Prince William and Kate arrive in New York for three-day US visit". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 16 August 2023. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
^ Hennessey, Rachel (9 December 2014). "Welcome to New York: Prince William and Kate Middleton's three-day American tour". Forbes. Archived from the original on 21 September 2015. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
^ "Profile: Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge". BBC News. May 2016. Archived from the original on 16 September 2012. Retrieved 12 December 2020.
^ Dokterman, Eliana (20 October 2015). "Kate Middleton wears a tiara to her first state banquet". Time. Archived from the original on 21 December 2023. Retrieved 1 June 2024.
^ "Scenes from Prince William and Kate's royal tour of India and Bhutan". Time. 16 April 2016. Archived from the original on 29 December 2023. Retrieved 2 May 2024.
^ "Princess Kate Visits the Netherlands in First Solo Foreign Trip as a Royal". ABC News. 11 October 2016. Archived from the original on 8 May 2017. Retrieved 12 October 2019.
^ Rodriguez, Cecilia (18 March 2017). "Kate Middleton and Prince William charm Paris: Best photos of a glamorous diplomatic trip". Forbes. Archived from the original on 1 March 2018. Retrieved 1 March 2018.
^ Hallemann, Caroline (21 July 2017). "Everything the royal family did on their tour of Germany and Poland". Town and Country. Archived from the original on 20 May 2023. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
^ Duboff, Josh (31 July 2017). "Kate Middleton repeats an iconic look in Belgium". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on 1 August 2017. Retrieved 1 March 2018.
^ Nicholl, Katie (21 July 2017). "William and Kate's European tour was a P.R. victory for Britain". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on 22 July 2017. Retrieved 12 July 2024.
^ "Kate Middleton stuns in powder blue suit as she makes solo visit to Luxembourg". The Independent. 11 May 2017. Archived from the original on 1 March 2018. Retrieved 1 March 2018.
^ Gajanan, Mahita (30 January 2018). "See Prince William and Kate Middleton with the Swedish royal family". Time. Archived from the original on 30 January 2018. Retrieved 30 January 2018.
^ Moniuszko, Sara M. (27 February 2019). "Duchess Kate stuns in red coat for surprise Northern Ireland visit with Prince William". USA Today. Archived from the original on 8 November 2020. Retrieved 15 November 2020.
^ Harvey-Jenner, Catriona (27 February 2019). "Why Prince William and Kate Middleton's surprise trip to Northern Ireland was kept secret". Cosmopolitan. Archived from the original on 26 January 2022. Retrieved 12 July 2024.
^ Furness, Hannah (29 June 2019). "Duke and Duchess of Cambridge defy security fears with plan to retrace Diana's footsteps during royal tour of Pakistan". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 29 June 2019. Retrieved 29 June 2019.
^ Nicholl, Katie (18 October 2019). "How Kate Middleton and Prince William aced their "relatable" tour of Pakistan". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on 28 January 2023. Retrieved 25 June 2024.
^ Perry, Simon (5 March 2020). "Kate Middleton and Prince William step out in Galway as they wrap first official visit to Ireland". People. Archived from the original on 17 May 2022. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
^ "Duchess of Cambridge visits outdoor school on Denmark trip". BBC News. 23 February 2022. Archived from the original on 25 February 2022. Retrieved 25 February 2022.
^ Turner, Lauren (19 March 2022). "William and Kate arrive in Belize for jubilee Caribbean tour". BBC News. Archived from the original on 19 March 2022. Retrieved 19 March 2022.
^ White, Nadine (26 March 2022). "Belize signals intention to remove Queen as head of state following royal visit". The Independent. Archived from the original on 7 April 2022. Retrieved 27 March 2022.
^ Peck, Sally (29 November 2007). "Kate Middleton puts on a show for Unicef". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022.
^ Rayner, Gordon (29 April 2013). "Duchess of Cambridge spends second wedding anniversary apart from Prince William". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013. Retrieved 29 June 2024.
^ Simpson, Aislinn (17 September 2008). "Prince William's girlfriend Kate Middleton dons 1980s rollerskating gear". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
^ Eden, Richard (12 December 2009). "Duchess of Cornwall takes Kate Middleton's charity to her heart". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
^ Edwards, Richard (8 June 2008). "Prince William and Kate Middleton take ringside seats at boxing ball". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022.
^ Nicholl, Katie (29 April 2021). "After a decade as a Duchess, Kate Middleton has more 'quiet confidence' than ever". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on 24 July 2021. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
^ Bates, Stephen (16 March 2011). "Royal wedding: William and Kate ask for donations to charity". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 15 June 2018. Retrieved 24 May 2018.
^ Ward, Victoria (16 March 2011). "William and Catherine ask for charity donations in lieu of wedding gifts". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 3 September 2011. Retrieved 4 February 2012.
^ Holden, Michael (16 March 2011). "William and Catherine set up royal wedding charity fund". Reuters. Archived from the original on 14 January 2012. Retrieved 4 February 2012.
^ Rayner, Gordon (17 July 2012). "'Kate effect' boosts Princes' charity by £4.2m". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 1 March 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
^ Ng, Kate (11 September 2022). "William and Kate update name of Royal Foundation to include new titles". The Independent. Archived from the original on 24 September 2022. Retrieved 2 May 2024.
^ ^a ^b Alleyne, Richard (5 January 2012). "The charities chosen by the Duchess of Cambridge". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 25 May 2018. Retrieved 24 May 2018.
^ "'Kate effect' boost for East Anglia's Children's Hospices". BBC News. 23 July 2012. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 26 December 2021.
^ Rayner, Gordan (12 July 2012). "'Kate effect' boosts Princes' charity by £4.2m". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 25 February 2021.
^ "Duchess of Cambridge announces charity patronages". BBC News. 5 January 2012. Archived from the original on 20 March 2012. Retrieved 31 March 2012.
^ Mills, Rhiannon (6 May 2022). "Kate calls for society to help women and families affected by perinatal mental health challenges". Sky News. Archived from the original on 6 May 2022. Retrieved 6 May 2022.
^ "Duchess of Cambridge becomes sailing charity patron". BBC News. 13 October 2014. Archived from the original on 31 July 2023. Retrieved 4 May 2024.
^ "Duchess of Cambridge-backed charity The Art Room set to close". BBC News. 30 January 2020. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
^ Foster, Max (5 January 2012). "Catherine unveils her chosen charity causes". CNN. Archived from the original on 25 May 2018. Retrieved 24 May 2018.
^ "Princess Kate attends her 1st Wimbledon as royal patron". ABC News. 3 July 2017. Archived from the original on 18 July 2023. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
^ "Queen Elizabeth steps down as patron of 25 charities — find out what she handed to princess Kate". People. Archived from the original on 17 January 2024. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
^ Petit, Stephanie (25 June 2019). "Queen Elizabeth just gave Kate Middleton something she's held onto for 67 Years!". People. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
^ Perry (19 March 2019). "Kate Middleton arrives solo for museum visit hours after rare joint appearance with the Queen!first=Simon". People. Archived from the original on 27 January 2022. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
^ Alleyne, Richard (5 January 2013). "Duchess of Cambridge to be a Scout leader as well as patron of four charities". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 3 October 2013. Retrieved 21 January 2013.
^ Halberg, Morgan (29 September 2020). "Kate Middleton received a special honor while roasting marshmallows". Observer. Archived from the original on 2 February 2023. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
^ Seth, Radhika (1 August 2022). "Every time Kate Middleton proved she's the sportiest royal". Vogue. Archived from the original on 9 October 2023. Retrieved 2 December 2023.
^ Greenspan, Rachel E. (5 July 2019). "The history behind the royal family's connection to Wimbledon". Time. Archived from the original on 14 May 2023. Retrieved 2 December 2023.
^ Holt, Bethan (14 July 2024). "The Princess of Wales proves no one does Wimbledon style like her". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 14 July 2024. Retrieved 14 July 2024.
^ Duboff, Josh. "Kate Middleton makes a surprise appearance at Wimbledon—and out on Court 14". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
^ Nicholl, Katie (1 September 2021). "Kate Middleton is teaching her children how to sail". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on 14 August 2022. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
^ Petit, Stephanie (30 October 2018). "Kate Middleton debuts a brand new look for the gym (in heels!)". People. Archived from the original on 15 December 2019. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
^ Rayner, Gordon (9 October 2014). "Duke and Duchess of Cambridge join Lord's cricket elite as honorary life members of MCC". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 17 March 2022. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
^ Perry, Simon (9 July 2019). "Kate Middleton inspires kids to spend time in nature: 'The great outdoors is an open playground'". People. Archived from the original on 11 July 2019. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
^ Coghlan, Sean (2 February 2022). "Kate takes over from Harry as royal rugby patron". BBC News. Archived from the original on 3 February 2022. Retrieved 2 February 2022.
^ Bridgeman, J. (5 February 2014). "Kate Middleton Pens First Literary Piece In Book For Like-Minded Women". Marie Claire UK. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
^ "Kate Middleton beams as Prince Philip passes RAF Air Cadets patronage on to her". The Daily Telegraph. 16 December 2015. Archived from the original on 3 July 2022. Retrieved 1 May 2015.
^ "Duchess of Cambridge becomes RAF Air Cadets patron". BBC News. 16 December 2015. Archived from the original on 4 August 2018. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
^ Duboff, Josh. "Of course Kate Middleton wore red for her solo Valentine's Day trip". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
^ Duboff, Josh. "Kate Middleton reveals what Prince George wants to be when he's older". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
^ Oakley, Tom (26 October 2022). "South Pole trekker receives Princess of Wales support". BBC News. Archived from the original on 26 October 2022. Retrieved 26 October 2022.
^ "Kate Middleton visits recovering drug addicts at charity visit". Huffington Post. 3 February 2012. Archived from the original on 22 April 2012. Retrieved 24 May 2018.
^ Perry, Simon (7 February 2018). "Kate Middleton is back home! The royal mom steps out in blue after her snowy tour". People. Archived from the original on 19 January 2022. Retrieved 21 May 2024.
^ Goldsmith, Annie (8 June 2020). "Watch Kate Middleton virtually visit an addiction treatment center". Town & Country. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
^ Parker, Olivia (17 October 2012). "Duchess of Cambridge gives addiction charity royal support". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 30 October 2014. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
^ Murphy, Victoria (29 October 2022). "Kate Middleton speaks to those struggling with addiction in new video message". Town & Country. Archived from the original on 8 February 2023. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
^ Kennedy, Niamh; Guy, Jack (19 October 2021). "Duchess of Cambridge says addiction can 'happen to any of us'". CNN. Archived from the original on 14 December 2021. Retrieved 2 December 2023.
^ Adamiyatt, Roxanne (30 January 2018). "Kate Middleton cut her hair into a lob for this touching reason". US. Archived from the original on 25 May 2018. Retrieved 24 May 2018.
^ Hill, Erin; Perry, Simon (27 February 2018). "Mom with a Mission: Pregnant Kate Middleton tackles stigma around maternal and newborn fatalities". People. Archived from the original on 8 January 2024. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
^ ^a ^b Buxton Smith, Olivia (27 February 2018). "The Duchess of Cambridge pays sartorial tribute to nurses as she launches Nursing Now campaign". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 1 March 2018. Retrieved 1 March 2018.
^ Blott, U. (1 March 2018). "The Duchess of Cambridge says Prince William is 'in denial' about third child". New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 6 March 2018. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
^ Pearl, Diana (27 February 2018). "Kate is glowing! See every photo from the royal mom's outing to empower nurses". People. Archived from the original on 8 April 2023. Retrieved 1 June 2024.
^ Ward, Victoria (4 August 2020). "Duchess hails Red Cross as part of her family". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 6 August 2020.
^ Furness, Hannah (15 February 2018). "Duchess of Cambridge to become champion of nurses". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 9 April 2018. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
^ Taylor, Elise (11 May 2021). "Is Kate Middleton now the firm's greatest asset?". Vogue. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 14 May 2021.
^ Nicholl, Katie. "After a decade as a Duchess, Kate Middleton has more "quiet confidence" than ever". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on 24 July 2021. Retrieved 14 May 2021.
^ "Kate Middleton secretly volunteered during pandemic with calls to caregiver: 'Call Me Catherine'". People. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
^ ^a ^b Murphy, Victoria (15 November 2019). "Kate Middleton made an "emotional" visit to a children's hospice this morning". Town & Country. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
^ Nicholl, Katie. "Kate Middleton gets her hands dirty for children's hospice visit". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
^ Moody 2013, p. 212.
^ Davies, Lizzy. "Duchess of Cambridge makes first public speech at new hospice". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 12 November 2023. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
^ Perry, Simon (19 June 2023). "Kate Middleton hails children's hospices as 'shining lights' in 'darkest times'". People. Archived from the original on 14 February 2024. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
^ Ward, Victoria (30 January 2025). "Princess of Wales follows footsteps of Diana and King to become patron of children's hospice". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 30 January 2025. Retrieved 30 January 2025.
^ Hills, Megan C.; Richman, Gareth (28 January 2020). "Kate Middleton behind the camera: Analysing the Duchess of Cambridge's photography". Evening Standard. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
^ Proudfoot, Jenny (23 April 2021). "This is why Kate Middleton always takes her children's official photographs". Marie Claire UK. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
^ Hill, Erin (25 June 2019). "Kate Middleton steps out in a breezy summer dress to support one of her favorite hobbies". People. Archived from the original on 9 July 2022. Retrieved 9 July 2022.
^ "Kate Middleton got behind the camera to take photos of Holocaust survivors: See the striking images". People. 26 January 2020. Archived from the original on 31 March 2023. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
^ Goldsmith, Annie (6 August 2021). "Kate Middleton shares a behind-the-scenes photo as she takes part in new exhibit". Town & Country. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 6 August 2021.
^ Silverman, Leah (16 February 2018). "The Duchess of Cambridge to Curate a Show at the National Portrait Gallery". Town & Country. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
^ "The Duchess of Cambridge launches Hold Still project". ITV. 7 May 2020. Archived from the original on 16 May 2020. Retrieved 15 May 2020.
^ Foussianes, Chloe (20 October 2020). "Kate Middleton wore a red Alexander McQueen coat to mark the launch of her Hold Still photo show". Town & Country. Archived from the original on 26 December 2021. Retrieved 27 October 2020.
^ Ward, Victoria (28 March 2021). "Duchess of Cambridge launches photobook capturing loss and challenges of Covid crisis". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 4 December 2023. Retrieved 4 July 2024.
^
- Furness, Hannah (15 December 2022). "Prince and Princess of Wales put on a united front at Christmas carol concert". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 15 December 2022. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
- Petit, Stephanie (8 December 2023). "Kate Middleton plays royal hostess at her third Christmas carol concert at Westminster Abbey". People. Archived from the original on 8 December 2023. Retrieved 8 December 2023.
- Furness, Hannah (6 December 2024). "Princess of Wales holds carol concert with cancer patients as William speaks of 'those who walked in darkness'". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 6 December 2024. Retrieved 6 December 2024.
^ Furness, Hannah (3 March 2022). "The Queen makes 'generous' private donation to Ukraine fund as Royal family shows its support". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 5 March 2022. Retrieved 5 March 2022.
^ Adams, Charley; McGarvey, Emily (9 February 2023). "Turkey-Syria earthquake: King thanked for 'generous' donation to DEC disaster appeal". BBC News. Archived from the original on 8 February 2023. Retrieved 9 February 2023.
^ Hennessey, Ted (3 July 2024). "William and Kate to donate privately to Hurricane Beryl relief efforts". The Independent. Archived from the original on 4 July 2024. Retrieved 4 July 2024.
^ Vanderhoof, Erin (19 July 2024). "Kate Middleton wants everyone to "reconnect with nature," she says in new statement". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on 14 February 2025. Retrieved 18 April 2025.
^ Furness, Hannah (17 April 2025). "Why Kate is putting nature at the heart of her return to public life". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 18 April 2025. Retrieved 18 April 2025.
^ Furness, Hannah (20 May 2019). "George gives Duchess of Cambridge '20 out of 10' for her Chelsea garden". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 20 May 2019. Retrieved 20 May 2019.
^ "Chelsea Flower Show: Duchess visits garden with schoolchildren". BBC News. 20 May 2019. Archived from the original on 20 May 2019. Retrieved 20 May 2019.
^ Perry, Simon (1 July 2019). "Kate Middleton hosts picnic for children in her specially designed garden — at a palace!". People. Archived from the original on 11 July 2019. Retrieved 11 July 2019.
^ Foussianes, Chloe (4 September 2019). "Kate Middleton's new garden design has a hedgehog-shaped treehouse". Town & Country. Archived from the original on 25 February 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
^ Coke, Hope (23 April 2021). "New Sandringham playground emulates Kate's Chelsea Flower Show garden". Tatler. Archived from the original on 3 February 2023. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
^ Rhoden-Paul, Andre (22 May 2023). "Chelsea Flower Show: King views tributes to late Queen at flower show". BBC News. Archived from the original on 23 May 2023. Retrieved 24 May 2023.
^ Perry, Simon (22 May 2023). "Kate Middleton surprises school children — and joins a bug hunt! — at Chelsea Flower Show". People. Archived from the original on 25 May 2023. Retrieved 24 May 2023.
^ "Kate Middleton visits St Thomas' hospital". ABC News. Archived from the original on 7 August 2018. Retrieved 6 August 2018.
^ "Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge visits the Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Centre". The Daily Telegraph. 25 January 2018. Archived from the original on 7 August 2018. Retrieved 6 August 2018.
^ "Our Royal Patron". Place2Be. Archived from the original on 25 May 2018. Retrieved 24 May 2018.
^ Nicholl, Katie. "When it comes to children's mental health, Kate Middleton is the "most important woman in the world"". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on 5 January 2022. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
^ Whittaker, Alexandra (12 December 2017). "Kate Middleton and Prince William now share a huge honor with Queen Elizabeth". InStyle. Archived from the original on 25 May 2018. Retrieved 24 May 2018.
^ ^a ^b Samuelson, Kate (25 August 2017). "How Princes William and Harry are carrying on causes close to Princess Diana's heart". Time. Archived from the original on 7 June 2018. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
^ Garcia, Patricia (23 March 2017). "Kate Middleton admits that parenting is hard—Even for a princess". Vogue. Archived from the original on 23 January 2022. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
^ Perry, Simon (19 February 2020). "Why Kate Middleton decided to speak out about motherhood: 'This is not a vanity exercise". People. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
^ Mackelden, Amy (14 February 2020). "Kate Middleton appears on her first ever podcast to discuss motherhood". Harper's Bazaar. Archived from the original on 5 January 2022. Retrieved 19 February 2021.
^ "The Duchess launches Heads Together's new mental health project for young children". Heads Together. Archived from the original on 25 May 2018. Retrieved 24 May 2018.
^ Durand, Carolyn (23 January 2018). "Princess Kate launches mental health program for schools: 'My own commitment is to the youngest and most vulnerable'". ABC News. Archived from the original on 5 January 2022. Retrieved 26 October 2020.
^ "Mentally Healthy Schools". The Royal Foundation. Archived from the original on 5 January 2022. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
^ Rayner, Gordon (15 January 2016). "Duchess of Cambridge to guest edit Huffington Post to raise awareness of child mental health issues". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 18 October 2021. Retrieved 12 July 2024.
^ "Kate Middleton to guest-edit the UK section of The Huffington Post". ABC News. 15 January 2016. Archived from the original on 5 October 2022. Retrieved 12 July 2024.
^ Robinson, Matthew (10 February 2019). "Duchess of Cambridge's Chelsea Flower Show garden plans unveiled". CNN. Archived from the original on 10 February 2019. Retrieved 10 February 2019.
^ "William, Kate, Harry and Meghan launch mental health text line Shout". BBC News. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
^ "Coronavirus: William and Kate urge nation to look after their mental health". BBC News. 29 March 2020. Archived from the original on 17 January 2023. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
^ Betancourt, Bianca (22 April 2020). "The Cambridges introduce a mental health program for COVID-19 frontline workers". Harpers Bazaar. Archived from the original on 5 January 2022. Retrieved 12 December 2020.
^ Perry, Simon (4 February 2021). "Kate Middleton shares heartfelt 'thank you' to teachers during candid video call: 'You're a Lifeline'". People. Archived from the original on 17 May 2022. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
^ "Duchess to be first royal to read CBeebies Bedtime Story". BBC News. 11 February 2022. Archived from the original on 6 December 2022. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
^ Petit, Stephanie (5 May 2022). "Kate Middleton announces new patronage that highlights her role as a mother of three". People. Archived from the original on 3 June 2023. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
^ "Prince and Princess of Wales take over Radio 1 Newsbeat". BBC News. 11 October 2022. Archived from the original on 10 October 2022. Retrieved 11 October 2022.
^ Perry, Simon (10 October 2023). "Kate Middleton and Prince William step out for World Mental Health Day". People. Archived from the original on 10 October 2023. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
^ Gordon-Farleigh, Neve (21 December 2024). "William and Kate fund Norfolk mental health pilot". BBC News. Archived from the original on 21 December 2024. Retrieved 21 December 2024.
^ Coughlan, Sean (30 January 2023). "Kate's early years campaign is her 'life's work'". BBC News. Archived from the original on 30 May 2024. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
^ McBride, Caitlin (21 March 2018). "Kate Middleton heralds the arrival of spring with bespoke Jenny Packham coat". Irish Independent. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 27 October 2020.
^ "Early years". The Royal Foundation. Archived from the original on 14 December 2021. Retrieved 14 December 2021.
^ "The Duchess of Cambridge's work on the Early Years – Early Years Steering Group". The Royal Family. 12 October 2020. Archived from the original on 14 December 2021. Retrieved 14 December 2021.
^ "The Kate Effect: The Duchess of Cambridge is asking 5 Big Questions about early years". University of Northampton. 23 January 2020. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 27 October 2020.
^ Scobie, Omid (26 November 2020). "Duchess Kate reveals the survey results that will shape her future work". Harper's Bazaar. Archived from the original on 4 February 2023. Retrieved 2 May 2024.
^ Perry, Simon. "Kate Middleton makes exciting announcement about her passion project for young families". People. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 23 November 2020.
^ Perry, Simon. "Kate Middleton's 'influential' work for children and families will likely have a 'long-term impact': expert". People. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 27 November 2020.
^ Perry, Simon (26 November 2020). "Kate Middleton's survey unveils 'serious milestone' in her long-running work for young families". People. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 27 November 2020.
^ Perry, Simon (13 July 2020). "Kate Middleton shares the parenting 'gold dust' she wishes she had as a first-time mom". People. Archived from the original on 20 August 2022. Retrieved 2 May 2024.
^ Hallemann, Caroline (4 August 2020). "Kate Middleton steps out in sneakers and a pretty green dress for a visit to a baby charity". Town & Country. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
^ "Kate Middleton wears face mask during visit to Sheffield baby bank". ITV. 5 August 2020. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 19 November 2020.
^ Morton, Becky (17 June 2021). "Duchess of Cambridge launches 'landmark' centre for childhood". BBC News. Archived from the original on 28 December 2021. Retrieved 19 June 2021.
^ Donohue, Meg (23 February 2022). "All the best photos from Kate Middleton's trip to Copenhagen". Town & Country. Archived from the original on 25 February 2022. Retrieved 25 February 2022.
^ Meyerowitz, Anya (23 February 2022). "The Duchess of Cambridge reunites with Crown Princess Mary as Queen Margrethe II welcomes her to Denmark". Tatler. Archived from the original on 25 February 2022. Retrieved 25 February 2022.
^ Hill, Erin (23 February 2022). "Kate Middleton visits outdoor kindergarten class in Denmark after admitting she's feeling 'very broody'". People. Archived from the original on 25 February 2022. Retrieved 25 February 2022.
^ Perry, Simon (16 June 2022). "Kate Middleton hosts her first roundtable with U.K. politicians about a cause close to her heart". People. Archived from the original on 11 August 2022. Retrieved 11 August 2022.
^ "Kate says supporting children in early years 'more important than ever'". The Guardian. 31 January 2023. Archived from the original on 28 April 2023. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
^ Perry, Simon (15 November 2023). "Kate Middleton makes key speech for her work with children: 'I care deeply about making a positive difference'". People. Archived from the original on 15 November 2023. Retrieved 15 November 2023.
^ "The International Best-Dressed List". Vanity Fair. 29 July 2008. Archived from the original on 28 August 2008. Retrieved 31 July 2008.
^ Tregaskes, Chandler (5 August 2022). "Tatler's Best Dressed list is back for 2022: see who made the Top 10 now". Tatler. Archived from the original on 5 August 2022. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
^ Armenise, Alessia (8 March 2024). "C'est chic! As the world marks International Women's Day, Tatler celebrates the most glamorous European royals". Tatler. Archived from the original on 8 March 2024. Retrieved 8 March 2024.
^ Dacre, Karen (3 December 2023). "Kate's style evolution: from tea dresses to coronation couture". The Times. Archived from the original on 23 June 2024. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
^ Woolnough, Damien (9 May 2023). "'She is at her style zenith': Princess Catherine's style evolution". The Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on 20 May 2023. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
^ Vanderhoof, Erin (9 January 2024). "'Wearing the trousers: How Kate Middleton evolved her style as the Princess of Wales". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on 9 January 2024. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
^ ^a ^b Holt, Bethan (24 January 2021). "10 years of the Duchess of Cambridge: how Kate became a royal style icon". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 27 September 2023. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
^ Smith 2011, p. 142.
^
:
- Thomas-Bailey, Carlene; Wood, Zoe (30 March 2012). "How the 'Duchess of Cambridge effect' is helping British fashion in US". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 29 September 2013. Retrieved 3 May 2012.
- "People & parties chart The Duchess of Cambridge's life in style". British Vogue. 5 September 2017. Archived from the original on 5 January 2022. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
^ Nicholl, Katie. "Why Kate Middleton remains a 'global fashion phenomenon'". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on 5 January 2022. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
^ Wyatt, Petronella (1 April 2024). "The Princess of Wales's true service has been in saving William from wallowing like his brother". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 26 June 2024. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
^ Hinsliff, Gaby (6 May 2023). "The 'Kate effect': how the Princess of Wales became the royals' not-so-secret weapon". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 29 February 2024. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
^ Tominey, Camilla (30 May 2021). "How the Duchess of Cambridge became the monarchy's greatest asset". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 5 December 2023. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
^ Garelick, Rhonda (13 January 2023). "The state of Kate". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 17 January 2024. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
^ ^a ^b Nikkhah, Roya (8 January 2022). "Kate Middleton at 40: how the Duchess of Cambridge is preparing to be Queen". The Times. Archived from the original on 3 November 2023. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
^ Mansey, Kate (25 April 2025). "What will change when William is king? By royal insiders". The Times. Archived from the original on 25 April 2025. Retrieved 25 April 2025.
^
Catherine was included in Time magazine's list of the 100 most influential people on three occasions:
- Collins, Jackie (21 April 2011). "Prince William and Kate Middleton". Time. Archived from the original on 21 September 2023. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
- Mayer, Catherine (18 April 2012). "Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge, and Pippa Middleton". Time. Archived from the original on 29 September 2013. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
- Moraski, Lauren (18 April 2012). "2012: Time magazine lists its 100 most influential people in the world". CBS News. Archived from the original on 6 October 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
- Bedell Smith, Sally (18 April 2013). "Kate Middleton". Time. Archived from the original on 23 March 2024. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
- Brown, Brigid (April 2013). "2013: Three Brits make Time magazine's 100 most influential people list". BBC America. Archived from the original on 10 August 2020. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
^ Mayer, Catherine (14 December 2011). "Kate Middleton: The Princess". Time. Archived from the original on 22 December 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2024.
^ "Who will be TIME's Person of the Year for 2024? See the shortlist". Time. 9 December 2024. Archived from the original on 9 December 2024. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
^
- "Independent Women 2023 – The Influence List". The Independent. 8 March 2023. Archived from the original on 8 March 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
- "Independent Women 2024 – The Influence List". The Independent. 7 March 2024. Archived from the original on 7 March 2024. Retrieved 8 March 2024.
- "Independent Women 2025 – The Influence List". The Independent. 7 March 2025. Archived from the original on 8 March 2025. Retrieved 8 March 2025.
^ "After Prince Andrew, Prince Harry and Meghan Markle remain Britain's most unpopular royals". BBC News. 9 January 2022. Archived from the original on 6 January 2023. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
^ McTaggart, India (28 April 2023). "Most and least popular royals revealed". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 28 April 2023. Retrieved 28 April 2023.
^ Smith, Matthew (9 April 2024). "Kate Middleton now UK's most popular royal". YouGov. Archived from the original on 9 April 2024. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
^ "Luke Littler trends higher than PM on Google in 2024". BBC News. 10 December 2024. Archived from the original on 12 December 2024. Retrieved 12 December 2024.
^ "Remember what you searched for on Google? Here's what 2024 trends reveal". Associated Press. 10 December 2024. Archived from the original on 11 December 2024. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
^ "Paparazzi's role in Diana accident". BBC News. 9 April 2000. Archived from the original on 28 September 2013. Retrieved 18 September 2012.
^ ^a ^b Cowell, Alan; Burns, John F. (14 September 2012). "Royal couple sue over photos of topless Duchess". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 17 September 2012. Retrieved 18 September 2012.
^ "Pics of Prince Wills pique royals". CBS News. 1 April 2004. Archived from the original on 24 March 2024. Retrieved 24 March 2024.
^ ^a ^b Gibson, Owen; Brook, Stephen (9 January 2007). "Tabloids ban paparazzi shots of Kate Middleton". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 15 September 2021. Retrieved 15 September 2021.
^ "Ex-royal aide condemns paparazzi". BBC News. 9 January 2007. Archived from the original on 10 January 2016. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
^ "Profile: Prince William, the Duke of Cambridge". BBC News. 12 September 2013. Archived from the original on 10 June 2021. Retrieved 12 December 2020.
^ "Phone-hacking trial: Kate Middleton 'hacked 155 times'". BBC News. 14 May 2014. Archived from the original on 20 July 2022. Retrieved 15 September 2021.
^ Macke, Johnni (12 December 2022). "Everything Prince William has said about navigating the U.K. media: 'I wouldn't believe everything you read in the paper'". Us Weekly. Archived from the original on 7 January 2023. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
^ Brook, Stephen (25 April 2006). "Papers warned again over prince's girlfriend". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 6 December 2022. Retrieved 6 December 2022.
^ Neild, Barry. "Will lawsuit fears keep photographers away from Kate Middleton?". CNN. Archived from the original on 15 September 2021. Retrieved 15 September 2021.
^ Rubin, Courtney; Nudd, Tim (16 January 2007). "Kate Middleton Seeks Privacy from Paparazzi". People. Archived from the original on 9 May 2007. Retrieved 14 April 2007.
^ Gibson, Owen; Brook, Stephen (9 January 2007). "Tabloids ban paparazzi shots of Kate Middleton". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 7 January 2023. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
^ Brook, Stephen (9 January 2007). "NI bans Middleton paparazzi pics". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 29 September 2021. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
^ "Kate Middleton files harassment complaint". Reuters. 29 March 2007. Archived from the original on 6 December 2022. Retrieved 6 December 2022.
^ ^a ^b "Kate Middleton 'hounded', say MPs". BBC News. 11 July 2007. Archived from the original on 1 June 2022. Retrieved 31 May 2022.
^ Mulholland, Hélène (11 July 2007). "PCC has failed Kate Middleton, say MPs". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 1 June 2022. Retrieved 31 May 2022.
^ Plunkett, John (13 January 2010). "Kate Middleton launches legal action against photographer". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 7 January 2023. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
^ Woods, Richard (21 February 2010). "Kate Middleton set for £10,000 privacy victory". The Sunday Times. Archived from the original on 10 January 2016. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
^ Singh, Anita (11 March 2010). "Kate Middleton wins damages from paparazzi agency". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 January 2016. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
^ Gillespie, James; Mansey, Kate; Follain, John (16 September 2012). "Nowhere to hide". The Sunday Times. Archived from the original on 10 January 2016. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
^ Davies, Nick (8 June 2011). "Phone-hacking scandal widens to include Kate Middleton and Tony Blair". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 13 August 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
^ ^a ^b Greenslade, Roy (9 May 2011). "Middletons to complain to PCC over holiday bikini pictures". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 7 January 2023. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
^ Greenslade, Roy (9 September 2011). "Three papers remove Middleton pictures from their websites". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 7 January 2023. Retrieved 7 January 2023.
^ Malvern, Jack; Connolly, Sue (15 September 2012). "Spying photographers may have taken their shots of a secluded chateau from the road". The Times. Archived from the original on 23 March 2024.
^ "Kate and William to make criminal complaint over topless shots". BBC News. 16 September 2012. Archived from the original on 16 September 2012. Retrieved 16 September 2012.
^ "Kate topless photos: French injunction against magazine". BBC News. 18 September 2012. Archived from the original on 18 September 2012. Retrieved 18 September 2012.
^ "Kate topless pics: Closer magazine to pay royals in €100k damages". Sky News. 5 September 2017. Archived from the original on 6 September 2017. Retrieved 5 September 2017.
^ Rayner, Gordon (8 December 2012). "Prank call plays on after death". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 8 December 2012.
^ Lendon, Brad (10 December 2012). "Radio personalities apologize for prank call to duchess's hospital". CNN. Archived from the original on 3 December 2023. Retrieved 2 December 2023.
^ "The royal family is angered by Kate Middleton baby bump photos". B96 Chicago. 13 February 2013. Archived from the original on 27 March 2013. Retrieved 13 February 2013.
^ Sweney, Mark; Davies, Caroline (2 October 2014). "Duke and Duchess of Cambridge take action over Prince George 'surveillance'". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 2 December 2021. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
^ "A letter from Kensington Palace". The Prince of Wales. Archived from the original on 28 March 2016. Retrieved 26 March 2016.
^ McDermott, Kerry (4 March 2019). "The royal family introduces social media rules after Meghan and Kate were trolled". British Vogue. Archived from the original on 4 March 2019. Retrieved 10 January 2023.
^ Perry, Simon; Petit, Stephanie (27 May 2020). "Palace issues rare statement blasting 'inaccuracies' in report that Kate Middleton is stressed". People. Archived from the original on 20 June 2020. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
^ Halberg, Morgan (21 September 2020). "Tatler Finally Edited Its Controversial Profile of Kate Middleton". Observer. Archived from the original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved 24 September 2020.
^ "Picture agencies pull Kate photo amid 'manipulation' concerns". Sky News. 10 March 2024. Archived from the original on 10 March 2024. Retrieved 11 March 2024.
^ Phillipp, Charlotte (10 March 2024). "Kate Middleton's 2024 Mother's Day photo 'killed' after Associated Press alleges the image was 'manipulated'". People. Archived from the original on 11 March 2024. Retrieved 11 March 2024.
^ McCluskey, Mitchell (10 March 2024). "News agencies recall image of Catherine, Princess of Wales, citing manipulation concerns". CNN. Archived from the original on 11 March 2024. Retrieved 11 March 2024.
^ Mackintosh, Thomas (10 March 2024). "Princess of Wales: Kate image withdrawn by five news agencies amid 'manipulation' concerns". BBC News. Archived from the original on 12 March 2024. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
^ "Kate admits editing Mother's Day photo". BBC News. 11 March 2024. Archived from the original on 11 March 2024. Retrieved 11 March 2024.
^ Perry (11 March 2024). "Kate Middleton apologizes for 'confusion' over family photograph that caused controversy". People. Archived from the original on 11 March 2024. Retrieved 11 March 2024.
^ Coughlan, Sean (22 March 2024). "Kate cancer diagnosis rewrites story of past weeks". BBC News. Archived from the original on 24 March 2024. Retrieved 25 March 2024.
^ "Kate hospital responds after alleged privacy breach". BBC News. 20 March 2024. Archived from the original on 20 March 2024. Retrieved 20 March 2024.
^ Clinton, Jane (19 March 2024). "Staff at clinic where Kate had surgery 'tried to access her medical records'". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 20 March 2024. Retrieved 2 March 2024.
^ Beckford, Martin (29 April 2011). "Prince William and Kate Middleton's new titles revealed". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 24 April 2018. Retrieved 23 April 2018.
^ Boucher, Phil; Boehm, Kristin (29 April 2011). "Prince William, Kate Middleton receive dukedom of Cambridge". People. Archived from the original on 7 March 2023. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
^ "Royal wedding: New Scots title for royal couple". BBC News. 29 April 2011. Archived from the original on 5 October 2023. Retrieved 18 September 2022.
^ "Queen Elizabeth II passes away, Prince Charles succeeds as king". The Statesman (India). 8 September 2022. Archived from the original on 8 September 2022. Retrieved 8 September 2022.
^ Furness, Hannah; Mendick, Robert (10 September 2022). "Royal family title changes: William and Kate become Prince and Princess of Wales". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 September 2022. Retrieved 10 September 2022.
^ "Prince of Wales: William speaks of honour after getting title". BBC News. 11 September 2022. Archived from the original on 18 September 2022. Retrieved 18 September 2022.
^ "The Duchess of Cornwall and Cambridge". The Royal Family. Archived from the original on 9 September 2022. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
^ "Watch: King Charles's first speech in full". BBC News. 9 September 2022. Archived from the original on 9 September 2022. Retrieved 9 September 2022.
^ "William and Kate named Prince and Princess of Wales by the King". BBC News. 9 September 2022. Archived from the original on 9 September 2022. Retrieved 9 September 2022.
^ Petit, Stephanie (29 April 2019). "Kate Middleton just received a special honor from Queen Elizabeth on her wedding anniversary". People. Archived from the original on 8 April 2024. Retrieved 1 May 2024.
^ Mills, Rhiannon (23 April 2024). "King recognises Queen and Prince William in honours list and creates new role for Kate, Princess of Wales". Sky News. Archived from the original on 23 April 2024. Retrieved 23 April 2024.
^ Gonzales, Erica (23 October 2018). "Kate Middleton is covered in jewels for a state dinner at Buckingham Palace". Harper's Bazaar. Archived from the original on 24 October 2018. Retrieved 23 October 2018.
^ Bullen 2011, p. 52.
^ Ward, Victoria (22 June 2024). "Aristocratic roots of Peter Phillips' NHS nurse girlfriend revealed". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 7 October 2024. Retrieved 5 October 2024. The Princess of Wales' great-grandmother, Olive Middleton, was close to her second cousin, Baroness Airedale, and was photographed in 1927 ...
^ Lacey, Robert (2021). Battle of Brothers (2nd ed.). HarperCollins Publishers, London. pp. 62, 553. ISBN 978-0-00-840854-1. Retrieved 30 August 2021. (Chapter 6 "Party Pieces" and Source Notes) Michael E. Reed has published his fascinating research into the aristocratic ancestry of the Middleton family in the Daily Telegraph and the Guardian and kindly supplied me with photographs of Baroness Airedale ["a distant ancestor of Michael Middleton" - Chapter 6, page 62] in her costume for the coronation of 1911.
^ Pullan, M. (2007). The Monuments of the Parish Church of St. Peter-at-Leeds. Maney Publishing for The Thoresby Society [and] Leeds Philosophical and Literary Society. ISBN 978-1-905981-52-6. Retrieved 21 June 2019.
^ A Photographic Archive of Leeds, Leodis. "Headingley Castle". Leeds Library and Information Service, Leeds City Council. Archived from the original on 4 November 2014. Retrieved 15 February 2015.
^ ^a ^b Rayner, Gordon (13 September 2013). "Duchess of Cambridge's relative wore crown and attended coronation of George V". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 6 December 2013. Retrieved 25 January 2014.
^ Tominey, Camilla (28 May 2020). "The Duchess of Cambridge's Ancestor Would Have Led The Fight Against Covid 19". The Daily Telegraph. p. 25. Archived from the original on 23 March 2024. Retrieved 28 June 2020.
^ Laycock, Mike (17 March 2015). "Duchess of Cambridge's links with stately home near York revealed". The Press (York). Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 18 March 2015.
^ Bradford, E. (2014). "They Lived in Leeds: Francis Martineau Lupton (1848–1921)". The Thoresby Society. Archived from the original on 11 April 2019. Retrieved 2 July 2020.
^ Moody 2013, p. 12.
^ Addley, Esther (30 April 2011). "The Middletons – finding common ground with the royal family". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 6 May 2014. Retrieved 6 May 2014.
^ Child, Christopher C. (Fall 2011). "A Gratifying Discovery: Connecting Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge, to Sir Thomas Conyers, 9th Bt. of Horden, Durham" (PDF). American Ancestors. New England Historic Genealogical Society. pp. 35–36. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 10 November 2013.
^ Adolph, Anthony. "Princess Catherine". Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 5 October 2013.

Sources

[edit]

Bullen, A. (2011). William & Catherine: A Royal Wedding Souvenir. Dundurn. ISBN 978-1-4597-1507-3.
Jobson, Robert (2010). William & Kate: The Love Story. John Blake Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84454-736-4.
Joseph, Claudia (2011). Kate: The Making of a Princess. Mainstream Publishing. ISBN 978-1-907195-35-8.
Lacey, Robert (2021). Battle of Brothers (2nd ed.). HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-00-840854-1.
Moody, Marcia (2013). Kate: A Biography. Michael O'Mara. ISBN 978-1-78243-113-8.
Nicholl, Katie (2015) [2013]. Kate: The Future Queen. Hachette. ISBN 978-1-60286-260-9.
Price, Joann F. (2011). Prince William: A Biography. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-0-313-39286-3.
Reitwiesner, William Addams (2011). Child, Christopher Challender (ed.). The Ancestry of Catherine Middleton. Scott Campbell Steward. New England Historic Genealogical Society. ISBN 978-0-88082-252-7. Archived from the original on 9 May 2011.
Smith, Sean (2011). Kate – A Biography of Kate Middleton. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-1-4516-6156-9.
Warde, Alan (2013). Cultural Consumption, Classification and Power. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-98222-7.
Westfahl, Gary (2015). A Day in a Working Life: 300 Trades and Professions through History. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-61069-403-2.

Further reading

[edit]

de Vries, Susanna (2018). Royal Marriages: Diana, Kate, Camilla. Pirgos Press. ISBN 978-1-925283-64-8.
Morton, Andrew (2011). William & Catherine: Their Story. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-64340-9.

External links

[edit]

The Princess of Wales at the official website of the British royal family
The Princess of Wales at the official website of the Government of Canada
Portraits of Catherine, Princess of Wales at the National Portrait Gallery, London
Catherine, Princess of Wales at IMDb

Honorary titles
Preceded by The Duke of Edinburgh as Air Commodore-in-Chief	Air Commandant of the Air Training Corps 2015–present	Incumbent
Preceded by The Prince of Wales	Colonel of the Irish Guards 2022–present	Incumbent
Orders of precedence in the United Kingdom
Preceded by The Queen	Ladies HRH The Princess of Wales	Followed by The Duchess of Sussex

Catherine, Princess of Wales

9 January 1982 (age 43)

Titles and honours

Family

Events and charities

Fashion

Popular culture

Portraits	Portrait of Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge (2013) Portrait of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge (2022)
Publications	Hold Still: A Portrait of Our Nation in 2020 (2021)
Film and television	William & Kate: The Movie (2011) South Park: Royal Pudding (2011) William & Catherine: A Royal Romance (2011) The Windsors (TV series, 2016–2020; play, 2021) Spitting Image (2020–21) The Prince (2021) The Crown (2023)

Animals

Lupo

Homes

Links to related articles

v t e British princesses by marriage
The generations include wives of princes descended from George I, who formalised the use of the titles prince and princess for members of the British royal family.
1st generation	Princess Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach
2nd generation	Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
3rd generation	Maria Walpole Anne Luttrell
4th generation	Duchess Caroline of Brunswick Princess Frederica Charlotte of Prussia Princess Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld Duchess Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel The Princess Mary*
5th generation	Princess Marie of Saxe-Altenburg
6th generation	Princess Alexandra of Denmark Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia Princess Helen of Waldeck and Pyrmont Princess Thyra of Denmark
7th generation	Princess Victoria Mary of Teck Princess Alexandra, 2nd Duchess of Fife* Princess Victoria Adelaide of Schleswig-Holstein Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia
8th generation	Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon Lady Alice Montagu Douglas Scott Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark
9th generation	Birgitte van Deurs Henriksen Katharine Worsley Baroness Marie-Christine von Reibnitz
10th generation	Lady Diana Spencer Camilla Shand Sarah Ferguson Sophie Rhys-Jones
11th generation	Catherine Middleton Meghan Markle
also a British princess in her own right Princesses whose titles were removed due to loss of husband's eligibility or divorce are shown in italics*.

Princesses of Wales and Duchesses of Cornwall

Joan, Countess of Kent (1361–1376)
Lady Cecily Neville (1460; disputed)
Lady Anne Neville (1470–1471)
Infanta Catherine of Aragon (1501–1502)
Princess Caroline of Ansbach (1714–1727)
Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (1736–1751)
Princess Caroline of Brunswick (1795–1820)
Princess Alexandra of Denmark (1863–1901)
Princess Victoria Mary of Teck (1901–1910)
Lady Diana Spencer (1981–1996)
Camilla Shand* (2005–2022)
Catherine Middleton (2022–present)

* Though legally Princess of Wales, she did not use the title

v t e Duchesses of Rothesay
Marjorie Douglas (1400–1402) Princess Caroline of Ansbach (1714–1727) Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha (1736–1751) Princess Caroline of Brunswick (1795–1820) Princess Alexandra of Denmark (1863–1901) Princess Victoria Mary of Teck (1901–1910) Lady Diana Spencer (1981–1996) Camilla Shand (2005–2022) Catherine Middleton (2022–present)

v t e Order of precedence in England and Wales (ladies)*
Royal family	The Queen The Princess of Wales The Duchess of Sussex Princess Charlotte of Wales Princess Lilibet of Sussex The Duchess of Edinburgh The Princess Royal Princess Beatrice, Mrs Edoardo Mapelli Mozzi Princess Eugenie, Mrs Jack Brooksbank Lady Louise Mountbatten-Windsor Zara Tindall The Duchess of Gloucester The Duchess of Kent Princess Michael of Kent Lady Sarah Chatto Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy
High Officers of State	Shabana Mahmood, Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain Lucy Powell, Lord President of the Council The Baroness Carr of Walton-on-the-Hill, Lady Chief Justice of England and Wales The Baroness Smith of Basildon, Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal
*not including short-term appointments, visiting dignitaries and most peers

Authority control databases
International	ISNI VIAF FAST WorldCat
National	Germany United States France BnF data Japan Australia Czech Republic Spain Netherlands Latvia Poland Israel Finland
People	Trove Deutsche Synchronkartei DDB
Other	IdRef Te Papa (New Zealand)