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Colla–Inca War
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Colla–Inca War
The Colla–Inca War or Incan conquest of the Colla Kingdom was a military conflict fought between the Inca Empire and the Colla Kingdom between 1445 and 1450. It is one of the first wars of conquest led by Pachacuti.
The Colla chiefdom was a powerful polity in the altiplano area, covering a large territory. However, multiple chiefs, possibly semi-autonomous, most likely ruled over the territory.
The war took place following the conquest of Sora and Chanka territories, in the context of longer lasting conflicts between Incas and Collas, which started with the reign of Viracocha Inca.
It established Inca dominance in the Andean Altiplano, and made the Inca an important entity in the Peruvian and Bolivian Andes. Inca dominance was contested during the beginning of Inca rule however, several revolts having threatened Inca power.
While some chroniclers, including Inca Garcilaso de la Vega and Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala, claimed that under the fourth inca Mayta Capac's reign, parts of Collasuyu (a region comprising a larger territory than the colla chiefdom alone) were already conquered, most other chroniclers and local sources state Pachacuti conquered these regions. According to the Inca functionaries of the Relation of the Quipucamayoc, of the lineage of Viracocha Inca, the latter conquered the territory. Inca Garcilaso de la Vega associated the conquest of the colla chiefdom in particular to the third Inca ruler, Lloque Yupanqui.
One narrative stated that Pachacuti personally led the expedition, while another one, supported by the Spanish chronicler Pedro Cieza de León, stated that the Inca emperor had sent two Chanka generals, only later visiting the region.
The first conflicts with the colla started with the reign of Viracocha Inca. Rivalries had broken out between the Lupaca ruler, Cari, and the colla chiefdom. Viracocha, who was publicly supportive of the Qollas, secretly conducted an alliance with Cari. Because of this, the colla ruler attacked the lupaca before the arrival of the Inca, and the Lupaca were victorious in a battle near Paucarcolla, while the Inca subjugated the Canas and Canchis. The triple alliance of Incas, Canas and Lupacas won the war.
The Inca state had acquired geo-political importance in the Andes following their victory over the Chanka. However the Inca needed to conquer the Colla Kingdom, before they could continue north. The material need for bronze tools to keep their conquests was potentially another cause for the war, since the region was an important producer of bronze.
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Colla–Inca War
The Colla–Inca War or Incan conquest of the Colla Kingdom was a military conflict fought between the Inca Empire and the Colla Kingdom between 1445 and 1450. It is one of the first wars of conquest led by Pachacuti.
The Colla chiefdom was a powerful polity in the altiplano area, covering a large territory. However, multiple chiefs, possibly semi-autonomous, most likely ruled over the territory.
The war took place following the conquest of Sora and Chanka territories, in the context of longer lasting conflicts between Incas and Collas, which started with the reign of Viracocha Inca.
It established Inca dominance in the Andean Altiplano, and made the Inca an important entity in the Peruvian and Bolivian Andes. Inca dominance was contested during the beginning of Inca rule however, several revolts having threatened Inca power.
While some chroniclers, including Inca Garcilaso de la Vega and Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala, claimed that under the fourth inca Mayta Capac's reign, parts of Collasuyu (a region comprising a larger territory than the colla chiefdom alone) were already conquered, most other chroniclers and local sources state Pachacuti conquered these regions. According to the Inca functionaries of the Relation of the Quipucamayoc, of the lineage of Viracocha Inca, the latter conquered the territory. Inca Garcilaso de la Vega associated the conquest of the colla chiefdom in particular to the third Inca ruler, Lloque Yupanqui.
One narrative stated that Pachacuti personally led the expedition, while another one, supported by the Spanish chronicler Pedro Cieza de León, stated that the Inca emperor had sent two Chanka generals, only later visiting the region.
The first conflicts with the colla started with the reign of Viracocha Inca. Rivalries had broken out between the Lupaca ruler, Cari, and the colla chiefdom. Viracocha, who was publicly supportive of the Qollas, secretly conducted an alliance with Cari. Because of this, the colla ruler attacked the lupaca before the arrival of the Inca, and the Lupaca were victorious in a battle near Paucarcolla, while the Inca subjugated the Canas and Canchis. The triple alliance of Incas, Canas and Lupacas won the war.
The Inca state had acquired geo-political importance in the Andes following their victory over the Chanka. However the Inca needed to conquer the Colla Kingdom, before they could continue north. The material need for bronze tools to keep their conquests was potentially another cause for the war, since the region was an important producer of bronze.
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