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2021–22 Australian region cyclone season
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2021–22 Australian region cyclone season
The 2021–22 Australian region cyclone season, despite a record high number of tropical lows forming, was slightly below-average in terms of activity, with ten tropical cyclones forming, two of which intensified further into severe tropical cyclones. The season began from 1 November 2021 and ended on 30 April 2022, but a tropical cyclone could form at any time between 1 July 2021 and 30 June 2022 and would count towards the season total. During the season, tropical cyclones will be officially monitored by one of the three tropical cyclone warning centres (TCWCs) for the region which are operated by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology, National Weather Service of Papua New Guinea and the Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics. The United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) and other national meteorological services including Météo-France and the Fiji Meteorological Service also monitored the basin during the season.
A tropical low developed to the north of the Western Region on 9 November, starting the season and the overall Southern Hemisphere season as well. After passing near the Cocos Islands with rainfall, it exiting the basin into the South-West Indian Ocean region on 14 November. Three days later, Tropical Low 02U formed near the Christmas Island and later became Tropical Cyclone Paddy, the first named cyclone in this season. On 22 November, Tropical Low 03U formed and it exited the basin on 28 November. On 1 December, Tropical Cyclone Teratai was designated by TCWC Jakarta, but BoM downgraded to a tropical low later that day due to limited deep convection. Ex-Teratai was monitored for redevelopment for a few days, and on 7 December, the system was re-upgraded to tropical storm status. The system later dissipated on 11 December. On 9 December, BoM designated Tropical Low 07U and later became Tropical Cyclone Ruby, which peaked as a Category 2 tropical cyclone before entering the South Pacific basin. About two weeks later, Tropical Low 08U was monitored for development but made landfall before further strengthening could occur. The tropical low later entered the Coral Sea where Tropical Cyclone Seth peaked with winds of 70 mph. A couple days after Seth dissipated, Tropical Low 10U quickly organized and was named Tiffany. The tropical cyclone rapidly intensified to a Category 1-equivalent tropical cyclone before making landfall over Northern Queensland. Land interaction and wind shear significantly weakened the system. Tiffany later made a second landfall over Northern Territory without restrengthening much over the Gulf of Carpentaria. On 23 January, a tropical low was monitored for a couple days before entering the South-West Indian Ocean, which later became Cyclone Batsirai and caused devastation to Madagascar. On 29 January, BoM started to track Tropical Low 16U and exited the basin without affecting land. Meanwhile, Tropical Low 14U caused record flooding in the Kimberly Region.
A week later, Tropical Low 17U formed and initially the system had deep convection and a well defined center, but easterly shear and dry air prevented strengthening and was last noted on 14 February. On 13 February, Tropical Low 19U formed southeast of Christmas Island and exited the basin a few days later, which was later designated as Moderate Tropical Storm Fezile. On 23 February, Tropical Low 22U quickly developed deep convection and an inner core, and BoM upgraded the system to Tropical Cyclone Vernon. Afterward, the system underwent rapid intensification and peaked as a Category 4 severe tropical cyclone before interacting with Tropical Low 25U. While Vernon stayed out to sea and entered the South-West Indian Ocean, Tropical Low 21U developed in the Torres Strait, but high wind shear prevented further development. At the same time, Tropical Low 23U was monitored in the Timor Sea and later became Tropical Cyclone Anika before making landfall northeast of Kalumburu. Anika made a second landfall east of Pardoo, and briefly developed a better inner core inland due to the brown ocean effect. Tropical Low 26U was also monitored for development east of Christmas Island and attained tropical storm force winds, but high easterly wind shear caused the system to disintegrate. On 11 March, Tropical Low 27U formed south of Java and quickly developed an inner core before being named Billy and stayed out to sea as the system eventually succumbed to high wind shear. A few days later, Tropical Low 28U formed southwest of Sumba and was later named Charlotte. The tropical cyclone rapidly intensified quicker than expected and peaked as a Category 3-equivalent tropical cyclone while attempting to clear out a pinhole eye. However, the peak was relatively short-lived as the convection got sheared and Charlotte transitioned to an extratropical cyclone. On 30 March, Tropical Low 30U formed on Christmas Island and dissipated a couple days later. Another tropical low formed on 8 April, but did not impact any habitable areas. In mid-April, Tropical Low 33U formed in the Gulf of Carpentaria and dissipated a few days later. Tropical Low 34U also formed, but did not impact land. Around its peak, there was an eye-like feature, but northwesterly shear caused the system to become disorganized.
During the off-season, Tropical Cyclone Karim entered the basin on 7 May and did not pose a threat to land. Another tropical low formed on 28 May, but remained disorganized due to wind shear and brought some rainfall to Western Australia. After the season, the BoM noted that they found a separate circulation that was once considered a part of Tropical Low 34U. It developed on 25 April and tracked away to the east and dissipated the next day.
During 17 November, the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) reported that Tropical Low 02U had developed along a trough of low pressure, just to the west of Christmas Island. Over the next couple of days, the system remained slow-moving near the island before it started to move south-eastwards. On 21 November of 04:00 UTC, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA) for Invest 90S which the agency was tracking very recently, noting that the system was well-structured, with convection and near gale-force winds wrapping into its consolidated low-level circulation center (LLCC). The BoM did not upgrade the system into a tropical cyclone at that time, as its centre was still somewhat elongated, and the near gale-force winds were only present at its southern quadrant. At 00:00 UTC of 22 November, the BoM upgraded the system to a Category 1 tropical cyclone on the Australian scale, and named it Paddy, becoming the first named cyclone in the season. The JTWC followed suit later that day at 09:00 UTC.
At this time, it started to incline more southwards under the influence of an upper trough moving to the east and a subtropical ridge to its south strengthening, with its pressure bottoming to 997 mbar (29.44 inHg). Paddy also reached its eventual peak intensity, with maximum 10-minute sustained winds of 40 kn (75 km/h; 45 mph), according to scatterometer passes. Sea surface temperatures around 28 °C (82 °F), low wind shear and favorable upper-level divergence were the factors behind Paddy's intensification. Paddy then reacted quickly to increasing northwesterly shear, as its convection began to decrease at 12:00 UTC that same day, and by early next day, the BoM reported that Paddy had become an ex-tropical cyclone. As it turned to the south-southwest as the ridge to its south strengthened further, the synoptic gradient between the two increased, letting the storm reintensify slightly that same day, though gale-force winds were not wrapping halfway of the system. The winds would later rapidly decrease, and by 24 November, the BoM discontinued monitoring Paddy. The JTWC subsequently followed suit and issued its final warning on the storm.
Paddy remained far from major landmasses throughout its existence; however, it brought prolonged rainfall to Christmas Island. During a five-day period from 17 to 21 November, the island saw 251.2 mm (9.89 in) of rain.
On 22 November, a weak tropical low formed north of the Western Region, which was designated as 03U. By 24 November, the tropical low had entered the region and was located 560 kilometres (350 mi) west-northwest of the Cocos Islands. 03U meandered near the Cocos Islands, before moving westwards and exited the basin on 28 November.
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2021–22 Australian region cyclone season AI simulator
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2021–22 Australian region cyclone season
The 2021–22 Australian region cyclone season, despite a record high number of tropical lows forming, was slightly below-average in terms of activity, with ten tropical cyclones forming, two of which intensified further into severe tropical cyclones. The season began from 1 November 2021 and ended on 30 April 2022, but a tropical cyclone could form at any time between 1 July 2021 and 30 June 2022 and would count towards the season total. During the season, tropical cyclones will be officially monitored by one of the three tropical cyclone warning centres (TCWCs) for the region which are operated by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology, National Weather Service of Papua New Guinea and the Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics. The United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) and other national meteorological services including Météo-France and the Fiji Meteorological Service also monitored the basin during the season.
A tropical low developed to the north of the Western Region on 9 November, starting the season and the overall Southern Hemisphere season as well. After passing near the Cocos Islands with rainfall, it exiting the basin into the South-West Indian Ocean region on 14 November. Three days later, Tropical Low 02U formed near the Christmas Island and later became Tropical Cyclone Paddy, the first named cyclone in this season. On 22 November, Tropical Low 03U formed and it exited the basin on 28 November. On 1 December, Tropical Cyclone Teratai was designated by TCWC Jakarta, but BoM downgraded to a tropical low later that day due to limited deep convection. Ex-Teratai was monitored for redevelopment for a few days, and on 7 December, the system was re-upgraded to tropical storm status. The system later dissipated on 11 December. On 9 December, BoM designated Tropical Low 07U and later became Tropical Cyclone Ruby, which peaked as a Category 2 tropical cyclone before entering the South Pacific basin. About two weeks later, Tropical Low 08U was monitored for development but made landfall before further strengthening could occur. The tropical low later entered the Coral Sea where Tropical Cyclone Seth peaked with winds of 70 mph. A couple days after Seth dissipated, Tropical Low 10U quickly organized and was named Tiffany. The tropical cyclone rapidly intensified to a Category 1-equivalent tropical cyclone before making landfall over Northern Queensland. Land interaction and wind shear significantly weakened the system. Tiffany later made a second landfall over Northern Territory without restrengthening much over the Gulf of Carpentaria. On 23 January, a tropical low was monitored for a couple days before entering the South-West Indian Ocean, which later became Cyclone Batsirai and caused devastation to Madagascar. On 29 January, BoM started to track Tropical Low 16U and exited the basin without affecting land. Meanwhile, Tropical Low 14U caused record flooding in the Kimberly Region.
A week later, Tropical Low 17U formed and initially the system had deep convection and a well defined center, but easterly shear and dry air prevented strengthening and was last noted on 14 February. On 13 February, Tropical Low 19U formed southeast of Christmas Island and exited the basin a few days later, which was later designated as Moderate Tropical Storm Fezile. On 23 February, Tropical Low 22U quickly developed deep convection and an inner core, and BoM upgraded the system to Tropical Cyclone Vernon. Afterward, the system underwent rapid intensification and peaked as a Category 4 severe tropical cyclone before interacting with Tropical Low 25U. While Vernon stayed out to sea and entered the South-West Indian Ocean, Tropical Low 21U developed in the Torres Strait, but high wind shear prevented further development. At the same time, Tropical Low 23U was monitored in the Timor Sea and later became Tropical Cyclone Anika before making landfall northeast of Kalumburu. Anika made a second landfall east of Pardoo, and briefly developed a better inner core inland due to the brown ocean effect. Tropical Low 26U was also monitored for development east of Christmas Island and attained tropical storm force winds, but high easterly wind shear caused the system to disintegrate. On 11 March, Tropical Low 27U formed south of Java and quickly developed an inner core before being named Billy and stayed out to sea as the system eventually succumbed to high wind shear. A few days later, Tropical Low 28U formed southwest of Sumba and was later named Charlotte. The tropical cyclone rapidly intensified quicker than expected and peaked as a Category 3-equivalent tropical cyclone while attempting to clear out a pinhole eye. However, the peak was relatively short-lived as the convection got sheared and Charlotte transitioned to an extratropical cyclone. On 30 March, Tropical Low 30U formed on Christmas Island and dissipated a couple days later. Another tropical low formed on 8 April, but did not impact any habitable areas. In mid-April, Tropical Low 33U formed in the Gulf of Carpentaria and dissipated a few days later. Tropical Low 34U also formed, but did not impact land. Around its peak, there was an eye-like feature, but northwesterly shear caused the system to become disorganized.
During the off-season, Tropical Cyclone Karim entered the basin on 7 May and did not pose a threat to land. Another tropical low formed on 28 May, but remained disorganized due to wind shear and brought some rainfall to Western Australia. After the season, the BoM noted that they found a separate circulation that was once considered a part of Tropical Low 34U. It developed on 25 April and tracked away to the east and dissipated the next day.
During 17 November, the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) reported that Tropical Low 02U had developed along a trough of low pressure, just to the west of Christmas Island. Over the next couple of days, the system remained slow-moving near the island before it started to move south-eastwards. On 21 November of 04:00 UTC, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA) for Invest 90S which the agency was tracking very recently, noting that the system was well-structured, with convection and near gale-force winds wrapping into its consolidated low-level circulation center (LLCC). The BoM did not upgrade the system into a tropical cyclone at that time, as its centre was still somewhat elongated, and the near gale-force winds were only present at its southern quadrant. At 00:00 UTC of 22 November, the BoM upgraded the system to a Category 1 tropical cyclone on the Australian scale, and named it Paddy, becoming the first named cyclone in the season. The JTWC followed suit later that day at 09:00 UTC.
At this time, it started to incline more southwards under the influence of an upper trough moving to the east and a subtropical ridge to its south strengthening, with its pressure bottoming to 997 mbar (29.44 inHg). Paddy also reached its eventual peak intensity, with maximum 10-minute sustained winds of 40 kn (75 km/h; 45 mph), according to scatterometer passes. Sea surface temperatures around 28 °C (82 °F), low wind shear and favorable upper-level divergence were the factors behind Paddy's intensification. Paddy then reacted quickly to increasing northwesterly shear, as its convection began to decrease at 12:00 UTC that same day, and by early next day, the BoM reported that Paddy had become an ex-tropical cyclone. As it turned to the south-southwest as the ridge to its south strengthened further, the synoptic gradient between the two increased, letting the storm reintensify slightly that same day, though gale-force winds were not wrapping halfway of the system. The winds would later rapidly decrease, and by 24 November, the BoM discontinued monitoring Paddy. The JTWC subsequently followed suit and issued its final warning on the storm.
Paddy remained far from major landmasses throughout its existence; however, it brought prolonged rainfall to Christmas Island. During a five-day period from 17 to 21 November, the island saw 251.2 mm (9.89 in) of rain.
On 22 November, a weak tropical low formed north of the Western Region, which was designated as 03U. By 24 November, the tropical low had entered the region and was located 560 kilometres (350 mi) west-northwest of the Cocos Islands. 03U meandered near the Cocos Islands, before moving westwards and exited the basin on 28 November.
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