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Buying center
A buying center, also called a decision-making unit (DMU), brings together "all those members of an organization who become involved in the buying process for a particular product or service".
The concept of a decision-making unit (DMU) for purchasing purposes was developed in 1967 by Robinson, Farris and Wind (1967). A DMU consists of all the people of an organization who are involved in the buying decision. The decision to purchase involves those with purchasing and financial expertise and those with technical expertise, and (in some cases) an organization's top management. McDonald, Rogers and Woodburn (2000) state that identifying and influencing all the people involved in the buying decision is a prerequisite in the process of selling to an organization.
The concept of a buying center (as a focus of business-to-business marketing, and as a core factor in creating customer value and influence in organisational efficiency and effectiveness) formulates the understanding of purchasing decision-making in complex environments.
Some of the key factors influencing a buying center or DMU's activities include:
In some cases the buying center is an informal ad hoc group drawn together for a limited period of time, but in other cases it is a formally sanctioned group with a specific mandate. American research undertaken by McWilliams in 1992 found out that the mean size of a buying center mainly consisted of four people. The range in this research was between three and five people. The type of purchase that has to be done and the stage of the buying process influence the size. More recent research found that the structure, including the size, of buying centers depends on the organizational structure, with centralization and formalization driving the development of large buying centers.
When the DMU wants to purchase a certain product or service, a number of sequential or iterative steps are taken inside the buying center:
Spekman and Gronhaug in 1986 considered whether decision-making was best characterised as "sequential" or "iterative" and found that "iterative" is a preferable term, reflecting patterns of buyer decision-making which allow for issues at different stages to be revisited.
In this process of making decisions different roles can be given to certain members of the center or the unit depending on the importance of the part of the organization.
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Buying center
A buying center, also called a decision-making unit (DMU), brings together "all those members of an organization who become involved in the buying process for a particular product or service".
The concept of a decision-making unit (DMU) for purchasing purposes was developed in 1967 by Robinson, Farris and Wind (1967). A DMU consists of all the people of an organization who are involved in the buying decision. The decision to purchase involves those with purchasing and financial expertise and those with technical expertise, and (in some cases) an organization's top management. McDonald, Rogers and Woodburn (2000) state that identifying and influencing all the people involved in the buying decision is a prerequisite in the process of selling to an organization.
The concept of a buying center (as a focus of business-to-business marketing, and as a core factor in creating customer value and influence in organisational efficiency and effectiveness) formulates the understanding of purchasing decision-making in complex environments.
Some of the key factors influencing a buying center or DMU's activities include:
In some cases the buying center is an informal ad hoc group drawn together for a limited period of time, but in other cases it is a formally sanctioned group with a specific mandate. American research undertaken by McWilliams in 1992 found out that the mean size of a buying center mainly consisted of four people. The range in this research was between three and five people. The type of purchase that has to be done and the stage of the buying process influence the size. More recent research found that the structure, including the size, of buying centers depends on the organizational structure, with centralization and formalization driving the development of large buying centers.
When the DMU wants to purchase a certain product or service, a number of sequential or iterative steps are taken inside the buying center:
Spekman and Gronhaug in 1986 considered whether decision-making was best characterised as "sequential" or "iterative" and found that "iterative" is a preferable term, reflecting patterns of buyer decision-making which allow for issues at different stages to be revisited.
In this process of making decisions different roles can be given to certain members of the center or the unit depending on the importance of the part of the organization.