Even though there's debate about the full extent of his role, following his death, Whitney became recognized as a pioneer of mass production techniques, with the concept of interchangeable parts transforming manufacturing processes worldwide.

Whitney's legacy is complex and multifaceted. He is celebrated as an inventor and innovator, but also criticized for the unintended consequences of the cotton gin on the institution of slavery. His contributions are weighed against the broader social and economic impact of his inventions.

Whitney's inventions and manufacturing innovations continue to be studied and appreciated for their impact on American industry and the development of modern manufacturing practices. He remains a significant figure in American history.