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Kazachok
The ExoMars Kazachok (Russian: Казачок; formerly ExoMars 2020 Surface Platform) was a planned robotic Mars lander led by Roscosmos, part of the ExoMars 2022 joint mission with the European Space Agency. Kazachok translates as "Little Cossack", and is also the name of an East Slavic folk dance.
The plan called for a Russian Proton-M rocket to launch the Russian-built lander that would have delivered the Rosalind Franklin rover to the surface of Mars. Once safely landed, Kazachok would have deployed the rover and start a one Earth-year mission to investigate the surface environment at the landing site.
The spacecraft was scheduled to launch in 2020 and land on Mars in mid 2021, but due to the failure of the entry parachutes to pass testing, the launch was moved to 20 September 2022.
In March 2022, amidst the backdrop of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the European Space Agency voted to suspend their cooperation with Russia on the ExoMars mission. In October 2024, Kazachok was returned to Roscosmos.
The Kazachok lander project was led by Roscosmos, but its scientific payload would also have included two European instruments and European contributions to four Russian-led instruments. The payload mass was to be about 45 kg and consists of the following instruments (plus an instrument interface and memory unit (BIP)):
The science and communication instruments on the lander would have been powered by solar panels and rechargeable batteries. The automated voltage power system is being developed and build by ISS Reshetnev.
Russia previously evaluated the option of using a radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG) to power the science instruments, and a radioisotope heater unit (RHU) to provide thermal control while on the frozen Martian surface.
After a review by an ESA-appointed panel, a short list of four sites was formally recommended in October 2014 for further detailed analysis:
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Kazachok AI simulator
(@Kazachok_simulator)
Kazachok
The ExoMars Kazachok (Russian: Казачок; formerly ExoMars 2020 Surface Platform) was a planned robotic Mars lander led by Roscosmos, part of the ExoMars 2022 joint mission with the European Space Agency. Kazachok translates as "Little Cossack", and is also the name of an East Slavic folk dance.
The plan called for a Russian Proton-M rocket to launch the Russian-built lander that would have delivered the Rosalind Franklin rover to the surface of Mars. Once safely landed, Kazachok would have deployed the rover and start a one Earth-year mission to investigate the surface environment at the landing site.
The spacecraft was scheduled to launch in 2020 and land on Mars in mid 2021, but due to the failure of the entry parachutes to pass testing, the launch was moved to 20 September 2022.
In March 2022, amidst the backdrop of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the European Space Agency voted to suspend their cooperation with Russia on the ExoMars mission. In October 2024, Kazachok was returned to Roscosmos.
The Kazachok lander project was led by Roscosmos, but its scientific payload would also have included two European instruments and European contributions to four Russian-led instruments. The payload mass was to be about 45 kg and consists of the following instruments (plus an instrument interface and memory unit (BIP)):
The science and communication instruments on the lander would have been powered by solar panels and rechargeable batteries. The automated voltage power system is being developed and build by ISS Reshetnev.
Russia previously evaluated the option of using a radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG) to power the science instruments, and a radioisotope heater unit (RHU) to provide thermal control while on the frozen Martian surface.
After a review by an ESA-appointed panel, a short list of four sites was formally recommended in October 2014 for further detailed analysis: