Chen, K.; Arnold, F. H. "Bio/Technology" ""1993"", "9", 1071-1075. This seminal paper described the directed evolution of subtilisin E for activity in organic solvents, demonstrating the power of the approach for engineering enzymes with improved stability and activity in non-natural environments.

Moore, J. C.; Arnold, F. H. "Nature Biotechnology" ""1996"", "14", 458-467. This work described the directed evolution of an esterase enzyme for improved thermostability, demonstrating the potential of directed evolution for creating enzymes that can function at high temperatures.

Wang, P.; Umansky, L.; Arnold, F. H. "Chem. Biol." ""2001"", "8", 883-889. This research focused on evolving an esterase enzyme to improve its activity and stability in aqueous-organic solvent mixtures, enhancing its suitability for industrial applications.

Hentchel, K. L.; Arnold, F. H. "Methods Mol. Biol." ""2011"", "685", 79-88. This publication detailed a targeted PCR-based method for constructing site-saturation mutagenesis libraries, providing a valuable tool for researchers seeking to explore the sequence space of proteins and identify improved variants.

Kan, S. B. J.; Lewis, R. D.; Chen, K.; Arnold, F. H. "Science" ""2016"", "354", 1048-1051. This groundbreaking paper reported the directed evolution of enzymes capable of catalyzing the formation of carbon-silicon bonds, a reaction not known to occur in nature, opening up new possibilities for creating novel materials and pharmaceuticals.