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IWI Galil ACE
IWI Galil ACE
IWI Galil ACE
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The IWI Galil ACE, also marketed as IWI ACE (or simply ACE), is a series of assault rifles and battle rifles originally developed and manufactured by Israel Weapon Industries (IWI) produced in 5.56×45mm NATO, 7.62×39mm and 7.62×51mm NATO.

Key Information

Design details

[edit]
Main article: IMI Galil

The IWI Galil ACE series is based upon the original design of the Galil, but instead utilises a modern design to increase its accuracy and lower its weight, while maintaining the original Galil's ergonomics, ease of maintenance and reliability under battle conditions.[1]

In the design, emphasis was particularly placed on increasing the reliability and accuracy under adverse battlefield conditions.

Weight reduction

[edit]

The original Galil was built with a machined solid steel billet action in order to increase the structural integrity and survivability of the weapon.

Unfortunately this resulted in a weight of up to 9.6 lb (4.4 kg), depending on its variant, which was one of the primary criticisms from the Israel Defense Forces.

The Galil ACE has a significantly reduced weight. IWI redesigned the action to integrate the steel with polymer, which is much lighter than the fully steel receiver of the original Galil.[1]

While the upper receiver is machined steel and the receiver top features a MIL-STD-1913 Picatinny rail, polymer has been introduced to the lower receiver of the weapon to reduce the gun's weight.[2]

Accuracy

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According to American Rifleman: "Although this rifle is clearly based on the AK design, it demonstrated a superior level of accuracy potential compared to several of its cousins. The best single group of [5 rounds at 100 yards] of 0.83″ and five-group average of 0.98″ was produced using the Federal Premium 123-gr. [8.0 g] Power-Shok soft-point load" (testing done using 7.62×39mm 16-inch barrelled variant).[3]

Trigger

[edit]

The Galil ACE adopts the Galil Sniper trigger instead of the original Galil trigger, in order to improve accuracy compared to the standard Galil.[4] This is a two-stage trigger,[2] which IWI have modelled on the two-stage trigger of the M1 Garand.[5]

According to American Rifleman, the two-stage trigger is "clean and smooth with a 4 lb. 13 oz. [4.8 lbf, 21.4 N] trigger pull according to a Lyman digital trigger gauge".[3]

Gas tube

[edit]

The gas tube, unlike the AK-47 system, is mounted on the rifle via a dovetailed slide machined on the receiver upper-front block. This avoids any movement of the gas block influencing barrel vibration, which would degrade accuracy.[1]

Long-stroke piston system

[edit]

The rifle uses the Galil's long-stroke piston system. The long-stroke system is found in the M1 Garand, AK-47 (upon which the Galil's internal mechanism design borrowed heavily) and more recently in the IWI Tavor.

Barrel

[edit]

The barrel is chrome-lined, cold hammer-forged, with a 1:7″ twist for 5.56×45mm NATO, 1:7.5″ for 5.45×39mm, 1:9.5″ for 7.62×39mm, and 1:12″ for 7.62×51mm NATO.

Sights

[edit]

The Galil ACE has a fully adjustable iron sights with tritium front post and two dot tritium rear aperture. It also features a Picatinny rail for mounting various optical sight.

Stock

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Officer from the Haitian National Police SWAT team (GIPNH) with a Galil ACE 21 during a training exercise in Santiago, Chile

The standard buttstock found on the Galil ACE is a six-position telescopic stock that can be fitted with an optional cheek-piece to improve the sighting of the weapon when using an optical sight. An optional right folding version of the standard buttstock is also available.

Vietnamese-assembled Galil ACE 32 with a folding stock.

The forearm consists of MIL-STD-1913 Picatinny rails on the bottom and both sides for mounting accessories such as aiming optics. The side forearm rails have central grooves to provide routing channels for electric wiring used by pressure switch activated accessories. The forearm comes with quick detachable polymer covering panels that can be mounted to protect the rails when a side or bottom rail has no accessories mounted to it. The gas tube above the barrel also has a Picatinny rail mounted on top that is aligned with the rail mounted on the cover over the receiver.

Last round bolt catch

[edit]

Another addition by IWI to the original Galil is the last round bolt catch (for variants of the ACE in 5.56×45mm NATO only). The bolt hold-open feature is a common request of military customers, to reduce reloading times during combat.[6]

Variants

[edit]
Variant Calibre Barrel length Length (extended) Length (retracted) Weight (unloaded) Feed system Muzzle velocity Range Cyclic rate of fire
ACE 21 5.56×45mm NATO 216 mm (8.5 in) 730 mm (29 in) 650 mm (26 in) 3.00 kg (6.61 lb) 35-round Galil magazine 710 m/s (2,300 ft/s) 300 m (330 yd) 680–880 rounds/min
ACE-N 21 5.56×45mm NATO 216 mm (8.5 in) 730 mm (29 in) 650 mm (26 in) 3.05 kg (6.7 lb) 30-round NATO magazine 710 m/s (2,300 ft/s) 300 m (330 yd) 680–880 rounds/min
ACE 22 5.56×45mm NATO 335 mm (13.2 in) 847 mm (33.3 in) 767 mm (30.2 in) 3.40 kg (7.5 lb) 35-round Galil magazine 850 m/s (2,800 ft/s) — 680–880 rounds/min
ACE-N 22 5.56×45mm NATO 335 mm (13.2 in) 847 mm (33.3 in) 767 mm (30.2 in) 3.45 kg (7.6 lb) 30-round NATO magazine 850 m/s (2,800 ft/s) — 680–880 rounds/min
ACE 23 5.56×45mm NATO 463 mm (18.2 in) 976 mm (38.4 in) 896 mm (35.3 in) 3.60 kg (7.9 lb) 35-round Galil magazine 915 m/s (3,000 ft/s) 500 m (550 yd) 680–880 rounds/min
ACE 31 7.62×39mm 216 mm (8.5 in) 730 mm (29 in) 650 mm (26 in) 3.00 kg (6.61 lb) 30-round AK-47 magazine 600 m/s (2,000 ft/s) — 680–880 rounds/min
ACE 32 7.62×39mm 409 mm (16.1 in) 927 mm (36.5 in) 847 mm (33.3 in) 3.50 kg (7.7 lb) 30-round AK-47 magazine 680 m/s (2,200 ft/s) — 680–880 rounds/min
ACE 52 7.62×51mm NATO 409 mm (16.1 in) 954 mm (37.6 in) 874 mm (34.4 in) 3.60 kg (7.9 lb) 25-round 7.62mm Galil magazine 800 m/s (2,600 ft/s) — 620–680 rounds/min
ACE-N 52 7.62×51mm NATO 409 mm (16.1 in) 954 mm (37.6 in) — 3.60 kg (7.9 lb) SR-25 pattern magazine[7] — — 620–680 rounds/min
ACE 53 7.62×51mm NATO 511 mm (20.1 in) 1,055 mm (41.5 in) 963 mm (37.9 in) 3.8 kg (8.4 lb) 25-round 7.62mm Galil magazine 860 m/s (2,800 ft/s) — 620–680 rounds/min

Gen II

[edit]

IWI US introduced the Gen II line in 2023 which introduced a free-floating M-LOK handguard and M4-style compatible buttstock.

Civilian variants

[edit]

In October 2020, IWI US began production of an "extremely limited edition" 5.45×39mm variant of the Galil ACE, available with a 16 in (410 mm) or 8.3 in (210 mm) barrel, producing a total of 545 rifles in each size. They are compatible with AK-74 magazines.[8]

Foreign variants

[edit]

Galil Córdova

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Main article: Galil Córdova

The Córdova is a Colombian Galil ACE variant produced under license via an agreement between Indumil and IWI.[9][10]

Chilean variant

[edit]

The FAMAE has been producing licensed Galil ACE variants since 2014[11][12] as the Chilean Armed Forces' service rifle.

Peruvian variant

[edit]

The Peruvian government has plans to produce the ACE under license, establishing a factory to produce up to 2,000 rifles per month.[13][14]

Ukrainian variants

[edit]

The RPC Fort has been producing licensed Galil ACE variants since 2014:

Variant Original model References
Fort-227 ACE 22 [15]
Fort-228 ACE 31 [16]
Fort-229 ACE 52 [17]

Vietnamese variants

[edit]
Main article: STV rifle

The IWI has established a $100 million factory in Vietnam via the Z111 Factory, to produce an unspecified number of Galil ACE assault rifles for the PAVN.[18][19][20][21]

All ACEs used in Vietnam have the charging handles located at the right side of the rifle[22] and replaced the Galil ACE handguards with traditional Galil-style handguards with Picatinny rail on top, replaced standard ACE buttstock with FN-FAL Paratrooper stocks, with modifications for simpler production and ease of use, the original fire selector replaced with AK-style fire selector. The new rifle has its new designations STV-215 and STV-380, the number indicated barrel length.[23]

The Vietnamese STL-5,56VN.

Besides the 7.62mm STV series of service rifles for the Vietnam People's Army, the Vietnamese industry also developed multiple assault rifle designs based on the Galil ACE that it has acquired the technologies and production rights to:

Variant Description References
GK1 Testing configurations and technology demonstrators based on the Galil ACE with influences from the Kalashnikov rifles and AR-15–style rifles. Did not enter mainline service. [24]
GK3
STL-5,56VN A resemblance of the IWI US Galil Ace Gen II. Chambered in 5.56×45mm NATO, it features a M-LOK handguard, AK-style charging handle just like the STVs, and an adjustable folding stock similar to the Orsis T-5000's one. [25]
SHMT-M1 Amphibious rifle utilizing the ACE design platform and chambered in 5.56×45mm NATO. [26]

Users

[edit]
The Colombian Police armed with a Galil ACE 22
A member of the Philippine National Police's SAF with a Galil ACE-N 22
The STV-380, a Vietnamese localized equivalence to the ACE 32
A map with IWI Galil Ace users in blue

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

IWI Galil ACE

View on Grokipedia
from Grokipedia
The Galil ACE is a family of assault rifles developed and manufactured by (IWI), serving as a modernized iteration of the original Galil rifle originally designed in the 1960s and adopted by the . It incorporates updated materials, ergonomics, and a long-stroke gas piston operating system derived from the platform, while featuring enhanced modularity with full-length Picatinny rails for and accessories. Available in multiple variants such as carbines, rifles, and short-barreled configurations, the Galil ACE is chambered primarily in , , and calibers, with barrel lengths ranging from 8.5 inches to 20 inches and weights typically between 3 to 3.8 kilograms unloaded. Its cyclic varies by model from 620 to 880 rounds per minute, emphasizing reliability in adverse conditions due to its robust construction and battle-proven lineage. The rifle has gained adoption among and security forces in countries including , , , , and several nations such as and , often through licensed production that supports local manufacturing capabilities. This widespread use underscores its versatility for diverse operational environments, from to urban engagements, positioning it as a reliable intermediate between traditional AK derivatives and Western modular designs.

History and Development

Origins and Design Rationale

The originated as a modernization effort by (), successor to the original Israel Military Industries (IMI), to update the Galil rifle platform first adopted by the (IDF) in 1972. Following IMI's privatization and rebranding to around 2005, the ACE was developed to address evolving military requirements for lighter, more modular weapons while preserving the core reliability that made the original Galil effective in arid environments. The platform drew directly from the Galil's long-stroke gas piston system, itself an evolution of the design licensed via Finnish components, which had proven superior to Western rifles like the during the 1967 due to minimal jamming in sand and dust. Publicly showcased in 2008, the ACE targeted export markets and select IDF needs, with initial production emphasizing and calibers for broad compatibility. Design rationale centered on retaining the Galil's empirical advantages—high reliability under and extreme conditions—while incorporating post-2000s advancements to mitigate its original drawbacks, such as excessive weight from stamped and limited accessory integration. Engineers at IWI prioritized causal factors like material science improvements, replacing the full-metal lower receiver with high-strength to reduce overall weight by approximately 20-30% without compromising , as validated in subsequent field tests by adopting militaries. The upper receiver remained machined from for rigidity, ensuring the long-stroke piston operated consistently across calibers and environments, a direct inheritance from the original Galil's adaptation of AK mechanics to 5.56mm for . Ergonomic enhancements, including ambidextrous controls and a side-mounted charging handle, addressed operator feedback from decades of Galil use, aiming to bridge legacy robustness with modular rail systems for optics and suppressors prevalent in . This approach reflected first-principles engineering: empirical data from conflicts showed piston-driven systems outperformed in fouling-prone scenarios, justifying the ACE's avoidance of AR-15-style mechanisms despite their lighter profiles. IWI's rationale emphasized verifiable metrics like mean rounds between failures exceeding 10,000 in sand ingestion tests, inherited from the parent design, over unproven innovations that risked reliability trade-offs. Early adopters, including Colombian forces by 2010, confirmed the design's rationale through operational deployment, where the ACE's free-float barrel options improved accuracy to sub-MOA potential with matched ammunition, surpassing the original Galil's 2-3 baseline.

Production Timeline and Generations

The IWI Galil ACE was publicly showcased for the first time in 2008 as a modernized iteration of the original Galil developed by Israel Military Industries (IMI) in the late . Production commenced thereafter under (), incorporating polymer components for weight reduction while retaining the machined steel upper receiver and long-stroke gas piston operating system from the progenitor design. Initial manufacturing focused on military and export markets, with the adopted by forces in countries including and by the early 2010s. In the United States, IWI US announced the Galil ACE in October 2014, with civilian semi-automatic variants becoming available in March 2015 in calibers such as and . By 2016, the lineup expanded to include pistols and additional configurations, reflecting growing commercial demand. Production has continued uninterrupted, with licensed manufacturing established in select nations to meet regional requirements, though primary output remains at IWI facilities in . The original production model, designated Gen I, emphasized reliability enhancements like a redesigned lower receiver and ambidextrous controls but utilized a fixed barrel configuration and proprietary rail systems. In 2021, introduced the Gen II, which features a free-floated barrel to enhance accuracy, slots on the handguard for modular accessories, a segmented Picatinny top rail, and a refined trigger mechanism with a crisper break and reduced weight. These updates addressed user feedback on and customization without altering core mechanical principles. The Gen II supplanted the Gen I in the U.S. market, with no further generations announced as of 2025.

Key Engineering Improvements

The IWI Galil ACE introduces significant advancements over the original Galil , primarily through the adoption of modern high-strength for the receiver, , and handguard, which substantially reduce overall weight while preserving structural integrity and durability under extreme conditions. This construction replaces much of the original's heavier stamped and wooden elements, enabling a lighter platform—typically around 3.2 to 3.6 kg unloaded depending on configuration—without compromising the rifle's ability to withstand harsh environments or high round counts. The barrel is a cold hammer-forged, chrome-lined CrMoV steel unit, enhancing longevity, corrosion resistance, and accuracy by minimizing wear and heat distortion during sustained fire; lengths vary from 8.5 to 20 inches across models, with twists optimized for specific calibers such as 1:7 for . An improved gas tube design reduces barrel vibration, contributing to tighter shot groups and better precision compared to the original's system, while the streamlined, pinned gas block maintains the reliable long-stroke piston operation but with refined porting for consistent cycling across ammunition types. Modularity is enhanced via a full-length, two-piece on the upper receiver and a forearm, allowing seamless integration of , lasers, and other accessories without permanent modifications, a marked upgrade from the original's limited mounting options. The trigger mechanism, derived from the Galil variant, provides a crisper pull and reduced weight for improved control, further aided by ambidextrous safety selectors and last-round bolt hold-open features that facilitate faster reloads and malfunction clearance. These changes, combined with compatibility for STANAG magazines in 5.56 models and AK-pattern magazines in others, optimize the for contemporary tactical requirements while retaining the core reliability of the AK-derived mechanism.

Design and Operating System

Long-Stroke Piston Mechanism

The IWI Galil ACE utilizes a long-stroke gas piston operating system, where the piston is rigidly attached to the bolt carrier group, ensuring synchronized rearward travel upon gas impulse. Propellant gases are tapped from a fixed port in the barrel—positioned based on barrel length and caliber—and directed into the gas cylinder above the barrel, driving the piston and carrier assembly rearward in a single, extended stroke of approximately 50-60 mm depending on the variant. This motion engages a cam pin to rotate the bolt head counterclockwise, unlocking its two robust lugs from the barrel extension for extraction and ejection of the spent cartridge via a fixed ejector and spring-loaded claw extractor. Forward return is powered by a heavy-duty recoil spring housed in the receiver, stripping a fresh round from the magazine and chambering it as the bolt rotates back into battery. Unlike short-stroke systems, the long-stroke design imparts recoil energy directly to the bolt carrier without an intermediary operating rod, promoting simplicity and tolerance to contamination, as combustion byproducts primarily foul the piston and cylinder rather than the bolt face or firing mechanism. This configuration, derived from the Kalashnikov pattern but refined through the original Galil's Finnish-influenced ergonomics, delivers consistent cyclic rates of 600-700 rounds per minute across suppressed or unsuppressed firing, with no intermediate gas regulator to adjust— a deliberate choice for field reliability over fine-tuning in the ACE's non-adjustable piston setup. The system's closed rotating bolt prevents gas escape into the receiver, minimizing perceived recoil and enhancing controllability during full-auto fire in military variants. In the Galil ACE, engineering enhancements include a chrome-lined and for resistance and smoother operation, alongside milled components in the upper receiver to withstand over 10,000 rounds without significant wear in accelerated tests. Caliber-specific adaptations maintain efficacy: shorter 13-inch barrels in variants use earlier gas ports to compensate for reduced dwell time, while 16-20 inch barrels employ standard for balanced pressure management across , , and chamberings. Field reports from users in dusty environments, such as Middle Eastern operations, affirm zero stoppages after 5,000+ rounds with minimal cleaning, attributing this to the 's self-lubricating stroke and robust tolerances exceeding 0.1 mm in critical fits.

Barrel and Caliber Options

The IWI Galil ACE is available in multiple calibers to accommodate various operational requirements, primarily , , and , with select variants supporting . These options enable compatibility with standard NATO magazines for 5.56×45mm and 7.62×51mm, as well as AK-pattern magazines for 7.62×39mm, reflecting the rifle's design heritage from the original Galil while prioritizing reliability across ammunition types. Barrels across all calibers are cold hammer-forged and chrome-lined to enhance longevity and resist corrosion, with rifling optimized for each cartridge: 1:7-inch twist for 5.56×45mm and 5.45×39mm, and 1:9.5-inch twist for 7.62×39mm. Most configurations feature threaded muzzles for suppressors or muzzle devices, with thread patterns such as 1/2-28 for 5.56mm and 5/8-24 for 7.62mm variants. Barrel lengths are model-specific, balancing maneuverability, velocity, and legal classifications like or under U.S. regulations. Short-barreled variants prioritize close-quarters use, while longer barrels support extended-range engagements. The Gen II series introduces free-floated barrels for improved accuracy by reducing contact with the handguard.
Model TypeCaliberBarrel Length OptionsNotes
8.5 in (216 mm), 13 inCompact configurations for non-NFA compliance in the U.S.
8.3 in, 11.8 inOptimized for suppressed fire; brace-equipped.
/Carbine16 in (406 mm)Standard length; 1:7 twist rifling.
/Carbine16 in (409 mm)Compatible with AK magazines; side-folding stock common.
16 in, 20 inBattle rifle variants for increased ; heavier managed via long-stroke piston.
16 inLimited to specific markets; similar ballistics to 5.56mm but with magazine compatibility.
These specifications allow users to select configurations based on mission needs, such as velocity retention in shorter barrels (e.g., approximately 2,600–2,700 fps for 5.56mm from 13-inch barrels with steel-case ) or precision in longer profiles. Export and military variants may include additional lengths, such as 13.1-inch (332 mm) for carbine models akin to the original Galil SAR, though contemporary production emphasizes 16-inch standards for regulatory and ballistic efficiency.

Gas System and Reliability Features

The IWI Galil ACE utilizes a long-stroke gas operating mechanism with a closed, , in which propellant gases are ported from the barrel to drive a rigidly attached to the bolt carrier group. This configuration cycles by transferring the full rearward impulse to the carrier, isolating the bolt face from direct gas exposure and thereby reducing carbon buildup and heat transfer compared to systems. Key reliability enhancements stem from the adoption of cold hammer-forged barrels, which are chrome-lined in the bore and chamber to withstand high round counts, resist from environmental exposure, and maintain consistent performance under sustained fire or in sandy, dusty conditions. The long-stroke piston's inherent tolerance for contaminants—due to looser mechanical clearances and the separation of fouling-prone components—contributes to operational dependability across types, including steel-cased variants, without frequent . Field maintenance is facilitated by a straightforward disassembly process, requiring no specialized tools beyond a punch for the gas tube retainer, allowing rapid access to the and bolt group for and . While the standard fixed can lead to over-gassing in shorter barrels—resulting in increased and brass ejection velocity—aftermarket adjustable mitigate this without compromising the core system's robustness. Empirical testing in reviews confirms minimal malfunctions after thousands of rounds in varied environments, attributing this to the design's AK-derived simplicity and material durability.

Ergonomics and Features

Stock and Controls

The IWI Galil ACE is equipped with a side-folding, length-of-pull adjustable buttstock, which enhances portability and user fit. To adjust, the operator presses the stock catch and slides the buttstock to the desired position along the buffer tube; the folds downward against the receiver for compact storage, reducing overall length significantly. In Gen II models, the folding mechanism is compatible with AR-15-style receiver extensions and braces, allowing broader customization options including adjustable cheek risers and recoil pads on select configurations. Controls emphasize for improved over legacy designs. The safety selector features dual s: a left-side thumb-operated switch and a right-side AK-style , both toggling between ("S") and semi-automatic ("F") positions. The magazine release includes bilateral catches, enabling ejection from either side without shifting grip. The left-side charging handle reciprocates during cycling and supports non-reciprocal manipulation for charging the rifle. Pistol variants substitute the with folding braces for compliance with legal restrictions on short-barreled rifles. These elements collectively reduce training requirements and enhance operational speed in diverse scenarios.

Sights, Rails, and Accessories

The IWI Galil ACE features fully adjustable on first-generation models, consisting of a tritium-illuminated front post and a rear diopter with dots for low-light visibility. These sights provide reliable backup aiming, with the rear offering dual settings for close- and long-range engagement. Second-generation models omit factory , relying instead on the integrated full-length for mounting user-selected optics or backup sights. The rifle's rail system supports extensive customization, with first-generation variants featuring a quad Picatinny handguard providing four-sided mounting points (top, bottom, and sides) for accessories such as lights, lasers, vertical grips, and bipods. A continuous Picatinny top rail, typically 14 to 18 inches long depending on barrel configuration, accommodates red dot sights, magnified optics, and devices, ensuring compatibility with standard MIL-STD-1913 accessories. Second-generation handguards shift to a free-float design with slots positioned at the 3, 6, and 9 o'clock positions, allowing modular attachment of rails, hand stops, and other lightweight components while reducing weight and . This configuration maintains via adapters for Picatinny-specific gear, such as scout mounts or stock interfaces. Accessory mounting emphasizes versatility, with the rail infrastructure enabling integration of tactical lights, foregrips, suppressors (via threaded barrels), and thermal imagers without compromising the rifle's balance or reliability. Bipods attach securely to the forward rail segments, and side-mounted controls allow ambidextrous operation alongside accessories. Gen II's slots facilitate direct attachment of modern polymer or aluminum accessories, optimizing for weight savings in extended operations.

Weight Reduction and Materials

The Galil ACE incorporates a hybrid construction of machined and high-impact to achieve substantial weight savings over the original all-steel Galil, prioritizing durability in critical components while leveraging lighter materials elsewhere. The upper receiver, milled from a , preserves the structural rigidity necessary for withstanding operational stresses, such as those encountered in sandy or dusty environments. In contrast, the lower receiver employs reinforced , which reduces without sacrificing the receiver's ability to house the fire control group and magazine well securely. This approach integrates reinforcements within the polymer framework where high tensile strength is required, enabling reliable cycling under full-auto . Polymer construction extends to the , handguard, and adjustable stock, further minimizing weight; the handguard, for instance, features a modular, rounded divided into detachable sections for accessory mounting, constructed from composites that resist and impact. These material choices eliminate the need for heavier stamped panels used in the predecessor, resulting in unloaded weights typically ranging from 7.5 pounds for compact Gen I models to around 8 pounds 6 ounces to 8 pounds 12.6 ounces for full-length Gen II rifles in 5.56mm or 7.62x39mm calibers, excluding magazines. This represents a notable reduction from the original Galil's configurations, which often exceeded 9 pounds due to comprehensive fabrication for enhanced survivability. The components undergo rigorous testing to ensure compatibility with military-grade environments, maintaining dimensional stability under temperature extremes from -40°F to 140°F and resisting deformation from sustained firing. While some aftermarket modifications, such as handguards, offer additional shaving of ounces, the factory design balances mass reduction with the rifle's inherent robustness, avoiding the associated with lower-quality plastics.

Variants

Compact and Pistol Models

The compact models of the IWI Galil ACE, such as the ACE 21 and ACE 22, employ shortened barrels to enhance maneuverability in confined spaces while retaining the long-stroke gas piston system for reliability in adverse conditions. The ACE 21 features an 8.5-inch (216 mm) chrome-lined barrel in , with a twist of 1:7 inches, overall length of 730 mm, and unloaded weight of 3.05 kg, making it suitable for or urban environments. Similarly, the ACE 22 utilizes a 13-inch (335 mm) barrel in the same caliber, extending the overall length to 847 mm and increasing weight to 3.4 kg, balancing compactness with improved ballistic performance over the shorter variant. These configurations maintain compatibility with standard STANAG magazines and incorporate Picatinny rails for and accessories, prioritizing without compromising the platform's AK-derived durability. Pistol variants, introduced primarily for civilian semi-automatic markets under the Gen II lineup, adapt the compact design with stabilizing braces in lieu of stocks to comply with U.S. federal regulations, available in 8.3-inch or 13-inch barrels across calibers like 5.56 NATO, , and . The 8.3-inch 5.56 NATO pistol, for instance, weighs approximately 7 pounds 5 ounces unloaded, features a free-float handguard for reduced barrel interference, an updated trigger with shorter reset, and a side-folding SB Tactical brace for enhanced control during handling. In , the equivalent model achieves a weight of about 7 pounds 5 ounces with a cold hammer-forged, chrome-lined barrel (1:9.5-inch twist) and A2-style muzzle device, emphasizing balance and reduced recoil through construction and milled steel receivers. These pistols retain ambidextrous controls, adjustable with tritium front post, and compatibility with 30-round magazines, facilitating personal defense or competitive use while inheriting the ACE's reputation for functioning with varied types.
Model VariantCaliberBarrel LengthUnloaded WeightKey Features
ACE 21 (Compact)8.5 in (216 mm)3.05 kgShort gas system, Picatinny rails, folding stock option in rifle configs.
ACE 22 (Compact)13 in (335 mm)3.4 kgExtended sight radius, compatible in Gen II.
Gen II Pistol (8.3 in) / 8.3 in~7 lb 5 ozFree-float , SB Tactical brace, updated trigger.
Gen II Pistol (13 in) / 13 in~7.5 lbSide-folding brace, enhanced ergonomics for semi-auto fire.
Both compact and pistol models demonstrate empirical reliability in suppressed configurations and dirty environments due to the enclosed bolt carrier and fluted , with civilian testing confirming cycle rates of 600–800 rounds per minute in semi-auto without malfunctions after 1,000+ rounds of mixed ammo. Adoption in these forms extends to training and export markets, where the reduced length aids operations without sacrificing the ACE's core accuracy at 100–200 meters.

Full-Length Rifles

The full-length rifles in the IWI Galil ACE series consist of standard-length configurations chambered in , , and , each equipped with 16-inch barrels to balance maneuverability and effective range in assault and applications. These models retain the long-stroke gas piston operating system from the original Galil design, enhanced with receivers, full-length Picatinny rails, and ambidextrous controls for improved modularity and user adaptability. The variant, designated ACE 21, features a 16-inch chrome-lined barrel with a 1:7-inch twist, an overall length of 34.5 inches with the stock extended, and a weight of 7.8 pounds without magazine, utilizing 30-round STANAG-compatible magazines. It emphasizes lightweight construction and compatibility with NATO-standard ammunition for intermediate-range engagements. In , the ACE 32 configuration provides a 16-inch (409 mm) barrel with a 1:9.5-inch twist, total length of 927 mm, and empty weight of 3.5 kg, feeding from proprietary 30-round magazines compatible with AK-pattern rifles. This setup offers enhanced penetration and stopping power suited to denser environments or against lightly armored targets. The variant, such as the ACE 23 or Gen II model, incorporates a 16-inch barrel with 1:12-inch , overall length reaching 34.5 inches extended, and weight of approximately 8.6 pounds unloaded, using 20-round magazines for full-power cartridge performance. Designed for longer-range precision and barrier defeat, it maintains the series' reputation for durability in harsh conditions through cold hammer-forged barrels and reinforced components. All full-length models support side-folding or adjustable stocks and piston-driven reliability to minimize malfunctions under sustained fire or environmental stress.

Sniper and Designated Marksman Variants

The IWI Galil ACE and variants center on the ACE , a semi-automatic configuration introduced on April 10, 2022, as a successor to the earlier Galil SA model. This variant, based on the ACE-N 52 platform, emphasizes long-range precision for elite units engaging small, mobile, or concealed targets in extreme environments, while its semi-automatic operation and rapid follow-up capability also suit roles in squad-level support. The rifle retains the Galil ACE's long-stroke gas piston system with , but incorporates a heavy-profile, chrome-lined, hammer-forged barrel measuring 584 mm (23 in) in length, including a double-baffle , with six right-hand grooves at a 1:9.5-inch twist rate optimized for the 7.62×51mm cartridge's stability at extended ranges. It weighs approximately 5.7 kg empty, with an overall length of 1,080 mm (840 mm stock folded), and feeds from detachable 20-round magazines compatible with AR-10/ patterns. The two-stage adjustable trigger enhances precision shooting, while ambidextrous controls, including fire-selector levers, accommodate varied operational postures. Ergonomic features tailored for marksman use include a side-folding stock with adjustable cheek rest and , an optional buttstock for stability, and a foldable/adjustable bipod. The handguard is a free-floating, hard-anodized aluminum design with a continuous MIL-STD-1913 at the 12 o'clock position for —standard issue includes a 20×4-50 MIL-STD day —plus M-LOK slots at 3 and 9 o'clock for accessories, enabling configurations for suppressed fire or . The left-side non-reciprocating charging handle and dust cover maintain reliability in adverse conditions without interfering with mounting.
SpecificationDetail
Caliber7.62×51mm NATO
Barrel Length584 mm (23 in)
Weight (empty)5.7 kg
Magazine Capacity20 rounds (AR-10 pattern)
Effective RangeOptimized for long-range precision (specific figures classified or test-dependent)
OperationSemi-automatic, long-stroke gas piston
While no distinct civilian or export DMR model separate from the Sniper has been officially detailed, the 7.62×51mm Galil platform's inherent accuracy and —evidenced by sub-MOA potential with match in standard configurations—allow user adaptations for duties, such as adding variable-power optics and bipods to 16-inch barrel variants. The Sniper's design prioritizes battlefield durability over bolt-action precision rifles, leveraging the Galil lineage's proven reliability in harsh conditions for roles requiring both accuracy and volume of fire.

Foreign and Licensed Adaptations

The IWI Galil ACE has been licensed for production in multiple countries to facilitate local , , and customization for regional needs. According to the manufacturer, occurs in four nations, enabling adaptations such as integration of domestic components and modifications for environmental suitability. In , state-owned has manufactured the Galil ACE under license since acquiring production rights, producing variants including the , which incorporates local design elements while retaining core ACE features like the construction and AK-derived operating system. This arrangement supports the Colombian armed forces' requirements in diverse terrains, with handling assembly and parts fabrication. Chile's initiated licensed production of the Galil ACE in 2014, delivering the first units shortly thereafter, with full-scale manufacturing of models like the 5.56mm Galil ACE 22N-C commencing by 2015. The adopted these rifles, completing delivery of batches by 2017, featuring locally sourced components for logistical sustainment and compatibility with existing systems. Vietnam secured a licensing agreement in 2014 for the Galil ACE 31 and 32 models, establishing production at the with an investment exceeding $100 million to replace aging rifles. Subsequent adaptations evolved into the STV family, including the STV-380 (7.62x39mm) and STV-215 (5.45x39mm), which hybridize Galil ACE with increased use of Kalashnikov-compatible parts for and familiarity, incorporating modifications for tropical climates such as enhanced corrosion resistance. These STV rifles entered Vietnamese Army service as standard issue by 2019-2020. Peru signed a technology cooperation agreement with in , granting to and market the Galil , with plans for a facility capable of 2,000 units monthly to equip its . While initial occurred, full-scale local production status remains tied to ongoing implementation.

Operators and Adoption

Military and Security Forces Users

The adopted the Galil ACE 22NC variant in caliber as its standard in 2014, with initial deliveries showcased during a national that year and plans for local co-production by . This selection followed evaluations emphasizing reliability in diverse terrains, replacing older systems while maintaining compatibility with NATO-standard ammunition. In , the adopted the Galil ACE 31/32 in 2014 as a replacement for Soviet-era variants, licensing local production under the STV designation, including the STV-380 () and STV-215 (5.56×45mm), which entered service by 2020-2022 to enhance modularity and . Colombian Armed Forces integrated the Galil ACE during the mid-2010s, with producing licensed variants such as the Córdova for standard issue, leveraging the design's robustness in counter-insurgency operations until recent shifts toward domestic alternatives like the Miranda rifle in 2025. The Peruvian military adopted the Galil ACE for frontline units including the and by the late 2000s to early , supplementing legacy Galil SAR models amid modernization efforts, though subsequent procurements favored other designs like the ARAD-7 by 2023. Among , the Guatemalan National Civil Police selected the Galil ACE in 2011 for enhanced patrol and tactical capabilities. The incorporated Galil ACE rifles starting around 2012-2013, distributing them to specialized units such as the Maritime Group, with additional batches received in 2019. Mexico's Secretaría de Seguridad Pública and Haiti's police forces have also fielded the rifle for duties.

Recent Adoptions and Conflicts (2010s–2025)

In Latin America, the Galil ACE saw multiple adoptions by security forces during the early 2010s. Guatemala's National Civil Police adopted the rifle in February 2011 to modernize its arsenal. El Salvador added the Galil ACE to its military inventory around 2012, enhancing capabilities against gang violence and internal threats. The Chilean Army selected the 5.56mm Galil ACE as its new standard rifle in March 2014, with FAMAE initiating licensed production later that year. Colombia's armed forces integrated the Galil ACE-23 variant, with Indumil procuring thousands for delivery by 2020 and continuing acquisitions into 2021 amid ongoing counterinsurgency operations. In , Vietnam's People's Army adopted the Galil ACE 31 and 32 models in 2014 to replace aging rifles, establishing license production through the starting in 2015. licensed production of Galil ACE variants as the FORT-227 and FORT-228 through the FORT firm since 2014, with Ukrainian forces employing the FORT-228 copy during the from 2022 onward. By 2025, British-led training programs for Ukrainian troops under incorporated Galil ACE rifles due to shortages of Kalashnikov-pattern weapons. The Galil ACE has appeared in several conflicts since the . In South Sudan's , government forces acquired and deployed Galil ACE rifles secretly, with UN reports documenting their use by all security branches against rebels as early as 2015; South Sudanese soldiers confirmed ongoing employment of 7.62x39mm ACE 32 models in 2023. In Sudan's 2023 , fighters acquired Galil ACE 31 carbines for combat against , marking a notable deployment. Colombian government units have fielded the rifle in operations, though FARC rebels have captured and repurposed examples in the protracted .

Civilian and Commercial Availability

The IWI Galil ACE is available to civilians in semi-automatic configurations only, marketed through US as modernized rifles, pistols, and short-barreled rifles (SBRs) chambered in calibers such as , , and . These variants feature updates like free-floated barrels, handguards, and improved controls compared to models, with production resuming for the U.S. commercial market in spring following an import pause. Retail prices typically range from $1,800 to $2,600 depending on model and , available via licensed dealers including online platforms like GunBroker and . Sales are prohibited in certain states, such as and , due to local assault weapon restrictions. In , IWI expanded commercial marketing of the Galil ACE family, including semi-automatic versions, starting in 2019 to target sporting and markets compliant with regional directives. Availability is subject to varying national laws, with the Gen II model adapted for semi-automatic fire to suit non- buyers across compliant countries. North American access emphasizes the rifle's reliability derived from AK mechanics, though full-automatic configurations remain export-controlled and unavailable to private purchasers. Commercial exports prioritize licensed semi-auto models to avoid international arms regulations, with no widespread sales reported in adopting nations like or .

Performance Evaluation

Empirical Testing and Reliability Data

In independent durability assessments, the Galil ACE has exhibited robust performance under simulated harsh conditions. A mud immersion test by Arms Channel involved packing the rifle with gritty before attempting to fire; after initial failures cleared by minimal manipulation, it cycled reliably following basic field cleaning, outperforming some designs in comparable evaluations. Similarly, InRangeTV's test on the .308 variant submerged the rifle in viscous , resulting in functional operation after drying and light intervention, with no catastrophic failures observed. High-round-count endurance tests confirm mechanical longevity. In a of the Gen II model, over 1,000 rounds of mixed - and brass-cased produced zero malfunctions, attributing success to the long-stroke gas piston system and milled receiver's tolerance for contaminants. Another evaluation reported consistent function across 500+ rounds in .308 without stoppages, even with varied types, highlighting the design's insensitivity to feed inconsistencies common in roller-delayed systems. Field-oriented reviews from military-focused outlets emphasize operational resilience. Testing by Forces magazine noted "flawless reliability" in the Galil ACE's piston-driven operation, with virtually no malfunctions across calibers like 5.56mm and 7.62x39mm, crediting the AK-derived adapted for modern polymers and coatings. However, some evaluations identified minor feeding issues in early production 5.56mm models under rapid fire with certain magazines, resolved in Gen II via enhanced bolt carrier geometry, though aggregate data shows malfunction rates below 1% in controlled shoots exceeding 2,000 rounds. Publicly available empirical remains limited due to operational , but adoptions by forces in arid and dusty environments, such as those in and , correlate with the rifle's proven tolerance for neglect, as inferred from sustained contracts post-initial trials in 2010s evaluations. No large-scale peer-reviewed studies exist, with most quantitative insights deriving from testers rather than academic or governmental disclosures.

Accuracy and Ballistic Performance

The IWI Galil ACE exhibits accuracy suitable for intermediate to roles, typically achieving 1.5 to 2.5 in empirical benchrest testing across calibers, though results vary with type, barrel length, and . In 7.62x51mm variants with 16-inch barrels, independent evaluations recorded five-round groups of 1.4 to 1.8 inches at 100 yards using match-grade loads from a supported position. For 7.62x39mm models, groups averaged 2.5 to 2.7 inches at the same distance with commercial soft-point and V-MAX , reflecting the cartridge's inherent ballistic spread but outperforming traditional AK-pattern rifles due to refined barrel harmonics and trigger mechanisms. The 5.56x45mm configuration often yields tighter dispersions, with reports of 1 to 1.5 groups under optimal conditions, aided by the caliber's higher and lower torque from the long-stroke system. Ballistic performance aligns with standard metrics for the supported calibers, enhanced by cold hammer-forged, chrome-lined barrels that maintain velocity retention and resist . Muzzle velocities for the 7.62x39mm 16-inch barrel approximate 2,360 feet per second with military-spec loads, supporting effective point-target to 300 meters and area targets beyond. The 5.56x45mm variants achieve up to 915 meters per second from full-length barrels, providing flatter trajectories and reduced impulse compared to heavier calibers, with effective ranges extending to 500 meters for trained operators. In 7.62x51mm, the design prioritizes penetration and energy transfer for barrier defeat, with velocities around 2,500 feet per second, though sustained full-auto can induce barrel affecting dispersion. These characteristics stem from the rifle's gas-operated , which balances reliability in adverse environments without sacrificing the precision gains from modern twists (e.g., 1:9.5 for 7.62x39mm) and improved locking mechanisms over legacy Galil designs.

Comparisons to AK and AR Platforms

The IWI Galil ACE utilizes a long-stroke gas piston operating system inherited from the AK platform, which enhances reliability by isolating fouling from the bolt carrier group, allowing sustained function in extreme dirt, sand, or mud conditions where AR-15 variants often falter due to carbon buildup in the receiver. Independent testing confirms the Galil ACE's 100% reliability across thousands of rounds of mixed steel- and brass-cased ammunition without lubrication or cleaning, matching or exceeding / performance while avoiding the direct gas path vulnerabilities of AR platforms that require more frequent maintenance in harsh environments. Ergonomically, the Galil ACE diverges from the AK's stamped construction and right-side controls by incorporating AR-15-style features such as an ambidextrous thumb safety with shorter throw, paddle-style magazine release, and adjustable compatible with AR buffer tubes, enabling quicker manipulations and better fit for operators accustomed to Western designs without sacrificing the AK's robust overbuilt tolerances. Compared to the AR-15's lightweight aluminum receivers and modular rails, the Galil ACE's milled upper and partial lower provide greater durability under sustained fire or impacts, though at the cost of added weight—approximately 7.8 pounds unloaded for the 5.56mm model versus 6.4 pounds for a standard —making it less ideal for extended patrols where portability trumps raw toughness. Accuracy evaluations position the Galil ACE as superior to traditional AK rifles, with benchrest groups averaging 1.5-2 using match-grade 5.56mm , attributed to its cold-hammer-forged chrome-lined barrel and free-floated design refinements absent in looser AK tolerances that typically yield 4-6 . It approaches the inherent precision of AR platforms, which benefit from tighter barrel-to-receiver fits and lighter components for minimal point-of-impact shifts, but the Galil's piston-driven impulse introduces slightly more than the AR's buffer-tuned system, potentially affecting rapid follow-up shots in dynamic scenarios. favors the AR ecosystem with its vast aftermarket Picatinny/ compatibility, while the Galil ACE offers similar rail options but retains AK-pattern magazines for calibers like 7.62x39mm, bridging intermediate cartridges without the AR's sensitivity to over-gassed cycling under suppressors.
AspectGalil ACE Advantage/Disadvantage vs. AKGalil ACE Advantage/Disadvantage vs. AR
ReliabilityEquivalent robustness; modern seals reduce gas blowbackSuperior in neglect/abuse; no DI fouling
ErgonomicsAR controls improve handling speedMatches AR familiarity; heavier overall
AccuracyTighter groups via milled receiverComparable but with more felt
Weight/PortabilityLighter polymers reduce AK heftHeavier than lightweight AR builds

Criticisms and Limitations

Ergonomic and Weight Drawbacks

The IWI Galil ACE exhibits notable weight drawbacks stemming from its robust construction, including a long-stroke gas system and reinforced components designed for enhanced durability and reliability in adverse conditions. Unloaded weights for standard configurations typically range from 3.5 to 3.6 kg (7.7 to 7.9 lbs), with the 16-inch 5.56x45mm model measuring approximately 8 lbs or more without magazine, exceeding that of comparable AR-15 platforms by 1-2 lbs due to the added mass of the assembly and reinforcements. This heft, while contributing to stability and during sustained fire, increases operator during extended patrols, close-quarters maneuvers, or scenarios requiring frequent weapon transitions, as evidenced by field reports prioritizing lighter alternatives for mobility-focused roles. Ergonomically, the Galil ACE inherits several AK-pattern limitations, such as the right-side thumb-operated selector, which demands an unnatural thumb extension for right-handed users and is inaccessible or awkward for left-handed operators without reconfiguration, contrasting with the more intuitive, bilateral controls of AR-15 derivatives. The reciprocating left-side charging handle, while enabling weak-hand operation, introduces potential hazards like support-hand lacerations or snags on gear during rapid cycling, particularly under stress. Control levers, including the and bolt hold-open, are criticized as undersized for gloved hands, complicating manipulations in tactical or environments where padded gloves reduce dexterity. Furthermore, early models feature handguards with perceptible wobble, diminishing the tactile feedback of solidity despite overall mechanical robustness. These factors, rooted in the design's emphasis on mechanical simplicity over user-centric refinements, render the Galil ACE less adaptable for operators accustomed to modern ergonomic standards, though aftermarket modifications can mitigate some issues.

Cost and Maintenance Factors

The IWI Galil ACE rifles carry a manufacturer suggested retail price (MSRP) for semi-automatic models ranging from approximately $1,900 to $2,200, varying by , barrel length, and stock configuration. For example, the Gen II rifle chambered in 5.45x39mm is listed at $1,979, while the 7.62x51mm variant reaches $2,179, reflecting premium materials, polymer construction, and milled steel receivers imported from with U.S. assembly. These prices position the Galil ACE as a higher-end option among AK-derived rifles, attributable to proprietary design elements and limited production scale compared to mass-manufactured platforms like the or AR-15. Military and procurement involves bulk contracts that substantially lower per-unit costs, though specific figures for the Galil ACE remain undisclosed in public records; analogous deals for similar IWI systems, such as rifles supplied to in 2014, have been valued in the tens of millions for thousands of units, implying . Operating costs are influenced by ammunition compatibility—supporting common calibers like 5.56x45mm , 7.62x39mm, or 7.62x51mm—which leverages widely available surplus or commercial rounds, potentially reducing logistical expenses in adopting militaries. Maintenance requirements emphasize simplicity, with field-stripping for cleaning achievable without specialized tools, involving removal of the gas tube, , bolt carrier group, and via basic takedown pins and levers. The long-stroke gas operation minimizes fouling in the receiver compared to designs, enabling reliable function with minimal lubrication after basic wipe-downs and light oiling of contact surfaces like the bolt carrier rails. Operator manuals recommend periodic professional inspection for high-round-count use (e.g., annually for extensive firing), but the rifle's robust —featuring corrosion-resistant finishes and modular rails—supports extended service intervals in austere environments, with cold-weather protocols focusing on preventing freezing via lighter oils. Spare parts availability is constrained to -authorized suppliers, potentially elevating replacement costs over ubiquitous platforms, though the design's AK heritage facilitates compatibility with certain aftermarket components for non-critical repairs.

Operational Field Reports

The IWI Galil ACE has entered operational service with select militaries, particularly in and , where its long-stroke gas piston system—derived from the AK platform—has been noted for maintaining functionality in demanding environments. In , the Galil ACE-23 variant was delivered to the army starting in 2020, with design modifications specifically aimed at boosting reliability and accuracy amid adversities such as , , and prolonged engagements against insurgent groups. Military assessments describe the as exceptionally durable in field conditions, exhibiting minimal stoppages during high-volume fire and exposure to environmental stressors, consistent with the original Galil's combat-proven heritage in Israeli operations. Chile's FAMAE-produced Galil ACE 22NC entered service around 2014 and has been utilized in training exercises, including a 2023 firing certification involving live-fire maneuvers under simulated combat scenarios. During the 2019 civil unrest, Chilean deployed the with live 5.56x45mm in crowd control situations, where its selective-fire capability allowed for controlled response, though reports documented instances of less-lethal and lethal rounds causing injuries. Field evaluations in these contexts underscore the weapon's robustness, with no widespread accounts of mechanical failures under stress. In , RPC Fort's licensed production of Galil ACE equivalents (FORT-227 in 5.56x45mm and FORT-228 in 7.62x39mm) has resulted in their appearance among frontline units since , amid the conflict with Russian forces. These rifles, identical in design to the IWI model, have been observed in zones characterized by mud, cold, and rapid resupply challenges, where the platform's tolerance for varied qualities and neglectful aligns with AK-derived reliability expectations. British programs for Ukrainian troops, incorporating Galil ACE rifles as of , further indicate confidence in its operational suitability for . Publicly available empirical data on metrics like mean rounds between failures in live remains limited, as military after-action reviews are typically classified; however, adoption by these forces without reported systemic issues suggests effective performance in real-world applications.

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