General Honor Decoration (Hesse)

General Honour Decoration
*Allgemeines Ehrenzeichen*
General Honour Decoration; Allgemeines Ehrenzeichen
	Obverse of the General Honour Decoration of Hesse
Type	Civil and military decoration
Presented by	the; Grand Duchy of Hesse
Established	25 September 1843
	Ribbon of the decoration

The General Honour Decoration (German: Allgemeines Ehrenzeichen) was a civil and military decoration of the Grand Duchy of Hesse. Established 25 September 1843, the medal could be awarded to recognize several different accomplishments or merits, such as military merit, lifesaving and long service. The reason for the award of the medal was determined by the inscription on the reverse of the medal, with the obverse bearing the effigy of the reigning Grand Duke of Hesse.^[1]

The General Honour Decoration with the inscriptions "Für Tapferkeit" ("For Bravery") and "Für Kriegsverdienste" ("For War Merits") served as the primary military decoration of Hesse during World War I.^[2] As the rolls of the decoration were lost in World War II, a complete list of recipients is unknown.

Recipients of the Hessian General Honour Decoration "For Bravery" (Hessische Tapferkeitsmedaille)

Source:^[3]

Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse, Prussian general, last Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine
Chlodwig, Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld, Prussian officer
Philipp, Landgrave of Hesse,^[4] Prussian lieutenant, Leib-Dragoner-Regiment (2. Großherzoglich Hessisches) Nr. 24
Wilhelm II, German Emperor
Wilhelm, German Crown Prince, Prussian general
Rupprecht, Crown Prince of Bavaria, Bavarian field marshal (1915)
Albrecht, Duke of Württemberg, Prussian/Württemberg field marshal (1915)
Ernst Freiherr von Althaus, German fighter ace
Walter Assmann, Prussian lieutenant, 5. Großherzoglich Hessisches Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 168, Generalleutnant in World War II
Otto von Below, Prussian general
Julius von Bernuth, Prussian lieutenant, Leibgarde-Infanterie-Regiment (1. Großherzoglich Hessisches) Nr. 115, Generalmajor in World War II
Arnold Freiherr von Biegeleben, Prussian Hauptmann, 1. Großherzoglich Hessisches Feldartillerie-Regiment Nr. 25, Generalleutnant in World War II
Werner von Blomberg, Prussian Hauptmann, later a German Wehrmacht field marshal
Curt von Brandenstein, 1879-1964, Prussian Hauptmann, Infanterie-Leibregiment Großherzogin (3. Großherzoglich Hessisches) Nr. 117, recipient of the Pour le Mérite
Julius Buckler, German fighter ace, native of the Grand Duchy of Hesse
Nikolaus Burggraf und Graf zu Dohna-Schlodien, German naval officer
Hans Felber, Prussian lieutenant, Infanterie-Leibregiment Großherzogin (3. Großherzoglich Hessisches) Nr. 117, General der Infanterie in World War II
Franz Gall, Prussian lieutenant, Großherzoglich Hessisches Reserve-Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 254, Generalleutnant in World War II
Wilhelm Groener, Prussian/Württemberg general (1916)
Friedrich-Carl Hanesse [de], Prussian lieutenant, 1. Großherzoglich Hessisches Feldartillerie-Regiment Nr. 25, native of the Grand Duchy of Hesse, Luftwaffe General der Flieger
Franz Hemer, German fighter ace, native of the Grand Duchy of Hesse
Maximilian von Herff, Prussian lieutenant, Leibgarde-Infanterie-Regiment (1. Großherzoglich Hessisches) Nr. 115, SS Obergruppenführer
Paul von Hindenburg, Prussian field marshal
Karl-Adolf Hollidt, Prussian lieutenant, Infanterie-Leibregiment Großherzogin (3. Großherzoglich Hessisches) Nr. 117, Generaloberst in World War II
Oskar von Hutier, Prussian general
Wilhelm Keitel, Prussian general staff officer, later a German Wehrmacht field marshal
Alfred Keller, Prussian aviator, later a Luftwaffe Generaloberst
Konrad Krafft von Dellmensingen, Bavarian general (1915)
Georg von Küchler, Prussian officer, 1. Großherzoglich Hessisches Feldartillerie-Regiment Nr. 25, later a German Wehrmacht field marshal
Otto Liman von Sanders, Prussian/Ottoman general who began his military service in Hesse regiments
Fritz von Loßberg, Prussian colonel, later general
Erich Ludendorff, Prussian general
Rudolf Lüters, Prussian officer, native of the Grand Duchy of Hesse, General der Infanterie in World War II
Smilo Freiherr von Lüttwitz, Prussian lieutenant, Leib-Dragoner-Regiment (2. Großherzoglich Hessisches) Nr. 24, General der Panzertruppe in World War II and Generalleutnant in the Bundeswehr
Manfred Freiherr von Richthofen, German fighter ace
Georg Graf von Rittberg, Prussian lieutenant, 2. Großherzoglich Hessisches Feldartillerie-Regiment Nr. 61, Generalleutnant in World War II
Ehrhard Schmidt, German admiral, native of the Grand Duchy of Hesse
Ludwig von Schröder, German admiral
Hans von Seeckt, Prussian general
Ernst Sieler, Prussian lieutenant, Infanterie-Regiment Prinz Carl (4. Großherzoglich Hessisches) Nr. 118, Generalleutnant in World War II
Hans-Ludwig Speth, Prussian lieutenant, native of the Grand Duchy of Hesse, General der Artillerie in World War II
Hermann von Strantz, Prussian general
Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel, Prussian officer, Leibgarde-Infanterie-Regiment (1. Großherzoglich Hessisches) Nr. 115, General der Infanterie in World War II, member of the 20 July Plot
Walter von Unruh, Prussian officer, General der Infanterie in World War II
Georg Wetzell, Prussian officer, General der Infanterie in the Reichswehr
Oskar Ritter und Edler von Xylander, Bavarian general (1916)
Gustav-Adolf von Zangen, Prussian lieutenant, Infanterie-Leibregiment Großherzogin (3. Großherzoglich Hessisches) Nr. 117, native of the Grand Duchy of Hesse, General der Infanterie in World War II

References

^ "HESSE-DARMSTADT. General Honour Decoration, Grand Duke Ernst Ludwig, 'For Bravery', (HESSEN-DARMSTADT. Allgemeines Ehrenzeichen, Großherzog Ernst Ludwig, 'Für Tapferkeit'), 1894–1918 issue". Medal-medaille.com. 6 February 2006. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
^ Armee-Verordnungsblatt, 49. Jahrgang, Nr. 54, 11 Dezember 1915 (digital copy available at hathitrust.org)
^ See Talk page regarding recipient list
^ Miller 2015, p. 569.

Bibliography

Klietmann, Dr. Kurt-Gerhard (1966). Pour le Mérite und Tapferkeitsmedaille. Berlin, Germany: Verlag "Die Ordenssammlung".
Miller, Michael (2015). Leaders Of The Storm Troops Volume 1. England: Helion & Company. ISBN 978-1-909982-87-1.
Nimmergut, Jörg (1997). Deutsche Orden und Ehrenzeichen bis 1945. Munich, Germany: Zentralstelle für Wissenschaftliche Ordenskunde. ISBN 3-00-001396-2.
O'Connor, Neal W. (2002). Aviation Awards of Imperial Germany and the Men Who Earned Them, Volume VII. Princeton, New Jersey: Schiffer Publishing Ltd. ISBN 0-7643-1626-5.

[1] "HESSE-DARMSTADT. General Honour Decoration, Grand Duke Ernst Ludwig, 'For Bravery', (HESSEN-DARMSTADT. Allgemeines Ehrenzeichen, Großherzog Ernst Ludwig, 'Für Tapferkeit'), 1894–1918 issue". Medal-medaille.com. 6 February 2006. Retrieved 30 May 2013.

[2] Armee-Verordnungsblatt, 49. Jahrgang, Nr. 54, 11 Dezember 1915 (digital copy available at hathitrust.org)

[3] See Talk page regarding recipient list

[FOOTNOTEMiller2015569-4] Miller 2015, p. 569.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

v t e Orders, decorations, and medals of the German Empire
Kingdom of Prussia	Order of the Black Eagle Order of Merit of the Prussian Crown Order of the Red Eagle Order of the Crown House Order of Hohenzollern Pour le Mérite Order of Saint John (Bailiwick of Brandenburg) Order of Louise Wilhelm-Orden
Kingdom of Bavaria	Order of Saint Hubert Military Order of Max Joseph Military Merit Order (Bavaria) Order of Theresa Order of Saint Elizabeth Royal Order of Saint George Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown Order of Saint Michael (Bavaria) Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art Order of Louis (Bavaria) Medical military Order
Kingdom of Saxony	Order of the Rue Crown Military Order of St. Henry Albert Order Civil Order of Saxony Order of Sidonia Order of Maria Anna
Kingdom of Württemberg	Order of the Crown (Württemberg) Military Merit Order (Württemberg) Friedrich Order Order of Olga
Kingdom of Hanover	Order of St. George Royal Guelphic Order Order of Ernst August
Grand Duchy of Baden	Military Karl-Friedrich Merit Order Order of Berthold the First Order of the Zähringer Lion House Order of Fidelity
Grand Duchy of Hesse	House Order of the Golden Lion Ludwig Order Order of Philip the Magnanimous Order of the Star of Brabant General Honor Decoration
Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel	House Order of the Golden Lion Wilhelm Order Order of the Iron Helmet
Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt	Order of Philip the Magnanimous
Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin	Order of the Griffon (Mecklenburg) House Order of the Wendish Crown
Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz	Order of the Griffon (Mecklenburg) House Order of the Wendish Crown
Grand Duchy of Oldenburg	House and Merit Order of Peter Frederick Louis Friedrich-August Cross
Duchy of Saxe-Weimar	Order of the White Falcon
Duchy of Brunswick	Order of Henry the Lion
Duchy of Nassau	Order of the Gold Lion of the House of Nassau Order of Adolphe of Nassau
Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg	Saxe-Ernestine House Order
Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha	Saxe-Ernestine House Order (2006: Saxe-Coburg-Gotha House Order)
Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen	Saxe-Ernestine House Order
Duchy of Anhalt	Order of Albert the Bear Order of Merit for Science and Art
Principality of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen	House Order of Hohenzollern
Principality of Hohenzollern-Hechingen	House Order of Hohenzollern
Principality of Lippe-Detmold	Order of the Cross of Honour (Lippe) Order of Leopold (Lippe) Order of Berta Order of the Rose of Lippe
Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe	Order of the Cross of Honour (Lippe)
Principality of Reuss	Princely Reuss Honour Cross
Principality of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt	Princely Schwarzburg Honor Cross
Principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen	Princely Schwarzburg Honor Cross
Principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont	Order of Merit (Waldeck and Pyrmont)
Free cities	Hanseatic Cross

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Recipients of the Hessian General Honour Decoration "For Bravery" (Hessische Tapferkeitsmedaille)

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