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List of hooligan firms
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Hooligan firms (also known as football firms) are groups that participate in football hooliganism in European countries. For groups in Latin America, see barra brava and torcida organizada.
Australia
[edit]- Melbourne Victory - Horda, Nomadi, M3 [1]
- Western Sydney Wanderers - Amok, Northgate, Westie Youth [2]
Belgium
[edit]- Club Brugge – East Side[3]
- RSC Anderlecht – O Side[3]
- Royal Antwerp F.C. – X Side[4]
Bosnia and Herzegovina
[edit]- FK Sarajevo – Horde Zla[5]
- FK Željezničar Sarajevo – The Maniacs[6]
- FK Velež – Red Army Mostar
- FK Borac Banja Luka – Lešinari
- NK Široki Brijeg – Škripari
- HŠK Zrinjski – Ultras Mostar
- FK Sloboda Tuzla – Fukare Tuzla
- NK Čelik Zenica – Robijaši
- NK Jedinstvo Bihać – Sila Nebeska
- FK Slavija Sarajevo – Sokolovi
Bulgaria
[edit]- Levski Sofia – Sector B
- CSKA Sofia – Sector G
- Botev Plovdiv – Bultras
- Lokomotiv Plovdiv – Lauta Army
- Cherno More Varna – The Sailors
- Spartak Varna – The Falcons
- Neftochimic Burgas – The Sheiks
- Minyor Pernik – The Hammers
- Beroe Stara Zagora – Zara Boys
Croatia
[edit]- Dinamo Zagreb – Bad Blue Boys[7]
- Hajduk Split – Torcida Split, White Boys[8]
- Osijek – Kohorta Osijek
- Rijeka – Armada Rijeka[9]
Czech Republic
[edit]- Baník Most – Brüx Vandals, Radical Boys[10]
- Baník Ostrava – Silesian Hunters,[11] Apple Commando,[12] Thor Division,[13] Barabi, Marienbad Ultras[10]
- Bohemians 1905 – Berserk,[14] Tornado Boys[10]
- Dukla Prague – Young Hunters[15]
- Dynamo České Budějovice – Brigade Gauners[10]
- Jablonec – Corps Juniors[10]
- SFC Opava – Chalupáři,[16] Young Boys,[16] Bulldog Corps[10]
- Sigma Olomouc – NSC 88, Tarzan Boys Olomouc, Hooligans Hovada Zubr,[17] Ultras Nové Sady, Zubr Gang Prerov[10]
- Slavia Prague – Youngsters,[18] Brigate 97,[19] Slavia Hooligans, Tlupa Toma Sojera, RWS[10]
- Slovan Liberec – Kategorie S, Ultras Liberec, D.B.S.[10]
- Sparta Prague – Prague Boys,[20][21] Youth Firm,[22] Falanga,[23] Brigade Drápek z Lasičky, Ultras Sparta, Red Pirates Sparta, Frakce Rudý Úder[10]
- Teplice – Division Nord, North Warriors[10]
- Viktoria Plzeň – Service Squad,[24] Blue-Red Wolves Plzeň, Pilsen Bo!s, Radikálové Plzeň, Pilsen Fans[10]
- Viktoria Žižkov – Ultras Viktoria[10]
- Zbrojovka Brno – Division S, Johny Kentus Gang,[25] Orthodox Fans Brno, Torcida, Ultras[10]
Denmark
[edit]- AGF – White Pride,[26] Aarhus Casuals[27]
- Aab – Aalborg Frontline, Aalborg Casual Youth[28]
- Esbjerg fB – Esbjerg Supras[29]
- F.C. København – Copenhagen Casuals,[30] Copenhagen Casuals Young Boys[31]
- Lyngby Boldklub – Blue Army[32]
- Randers FC – Randers Casual Youth[33]
England
[edit]- AFC Bournemouth – Bournemouth Casual Element[34]
- Aldershot Town – A Company[35]
- Arsenal – The Gooners, The Edecaws[36]
- Aston Villa – Villa Youth, Steamers, Villa Hardcore, C-Crew[37]
- Billericay Town - South Green Boot Boys, Billericay Bastards[38]
- Birmingham City – Zulu Warriors[39]
- Blackburn Rovers – Blackburn Youth,[40] Darwen Mob, H Division, Mill Hill Mob[41]
- Blackpool – The Muckers[40]
- Bolton Wanderers – Cuckoo Boys, Boltons Service Youth[42]
- Bradford City – The Ointment[43][44]
- Brentford – Ealing Road Army, Brentford Youth Element[45]
- Brighton & Hove Albion F.C. - West Street Firm[46]
- Bristol City – City Service Firm, Family Stand Ointment[47]
- Bristol Rovers – Gas Hit Squad[47]
- Burnley – Suicide Squad[48]
- Bury – Interchange Riot Squad[49]
- Carlisle United – Border City Firm[50]
- Charlton Athletic – Cockney Firestarters, B Mob Charlton Youth Casuals[51]
- Chelsea – Headhunters[52]
- Chester – 125's[53]
- Coventry City – The Legion[54]
- Crystal Palace – Dirty 30,[55] Holmesdale Fanatics.
- Derby County – Derby Lunatic Fringe[56]
- Everton – County Road Cutters[57]
- F.C. Halifax Town - Halifax Youth[58]
- Goole Town F.C. / Goole A.F.C. - Gooligans
- Grimsby Town – Cleethorpes Beach Patrol, Grimsby Hit Squad[59]
- Hartlepool United – Blue Order, North West Corner (NWC)
- Huddersfield Town – Huddersfield Young Casuals[60]
- Hull City – Hull City Psychos[61]
- Ipswich Town – Ipswich Punishment Squad, Blue Action[62][63]
- Leeds United – Leeds United Service Crew[64]
- Leicester City – Baby Squad[65]
- Lincoln City – Lincoln Transit Elite[66]
- Liverpool – The Urchins, R.R.S. Runcorn Riot Squad[67]
- Luton Town – The MIGs, Lutonistan, Lutonlees Bury Park Boys[68]
- Manchester City – Blazing Squad,[69] Cool Cats,[70] Guvnors,[71] Mayne Line Service Crew[72]
- Manchester United – The Red Army,[73] Men In Black,[74] Inter City Jibbers[75]
- Mansfield Town – Mansfield Shady Express[76]
- Middlesbrough – The Frontline[77]
- Millwall – Bushwackers[78]
- Newcastle United – Newcastle Gremlins,[79] The New Batch
- Nottingham Forest – Forest Executive Crew[80]
- Norwich City – Norwich Hit Squad, Under 5's[81]
- Oldham Athletic – Fine Young Casuals[82]
- Oxford United – South Midlands Hit Squad[83]
- Peterborough United – Blue Division[84]
- Plymouth Argyle – The Central Element[85]
- Portsmouth – 6.57 Crew[86]
- Preston North End – Preston Para Squad[87]
- Queens Park Rangers – Bushbabies[88]
- Reading FC – Reading Youth Firm[89]
- Shrewsbury Town – English Border Front[88]
- Sheffield United – Blades Business Crew[90][91]
- Sheffield Wednesday – Owls Crime Squad (OCS), Is That It (ITI)[92]
- Southampton – The Uglies, Inside Crew, Scum Army[93][94]
- Southend United – CS Crew[95]
- Stockport County — EVF (Edgeley Volunteer Force)[88]
- Stoke City —Naughty Forty[96]
- Sunderland – The Seaburn Casuals[97]
- Swindon Town – The Aggro Boys; Swindon Active Service (SAS)[98]
- Tottenham Hotspur – Yid Army, Tottenham Massive, Spurs N17[69][99]
- Tranmere Rovers – TSB (Tranmere Stanley Boys)[100]
- Port Vale – Vale Lunatic Fringe[101]
- West Bromwich Albion – Section Five[102]
- Watford – Watford Risk Squad[103]
- West Ham United – Inter City Firm I.C.F[104]
- Wolverhampton Wanderers – Subway Army 1979–1982 (also incorporating the Subway Apprentices) , The Bridge Boys 1986–1988, Yam Yam Army mid 2000s–present[105]
- York City – York Nomad Society (YNS)[106]
Finland
[edit]France
[edit]- Paris Saint-Germain F.C. – Commando Pirate,[111] Casual Firm, Indépendants[112][113]
- Lille OSC – LOSC Army[114]
- Olympique Lyonnais – Mezza Lyon[115]
Germany
[edit]- Borussia Dortmund – Frontline, Northside[116]
- Hamburger SV – North Hooligans
- FC St. Pauli – Skullbase
- Chemnitzer FC – HooNaRa[117]
- Dynamo Dresden – Hooligans Elbflorenz,[118] Faust des Ostens[119]
- Eintracht Frankfurt – Adlerfront[120]
- 1. FSV Mainz 05 – Mz-Army '84[121]
Greece
[edit]- PAOK - Gate 4
- Olympiacos - Gate 7
- Aris - Super3
- Panathinaikos - Gate 13
- AEK Athens - Original 21
- Asteras Tripolis - Tigers Ultras
- Lamia - Fadomades
- Panetolikos - Warriors
- OFI - Gate 4 Heraklion
- Panserraikos - Che Guevara Club
- Volos - Gate 2
- Levadiakos - Gate 1
- Atromitos - Fentagin
- AEL - Monsters
- Iraklis - Autonomous Gate 10
- Ilioupoli - Rebels 9
- Kalamata - Gate 5
- Niki Volos - Gate 3
Hungary
[edit]- Ferencvárosi TC – Kettes szektor (2nd Sector)[122]
Indonesia
[edit]- Arema F.C. – Curva Sud Arema
- Bali United F.C. – North Side Boys 12
- Persebaya Surabaya – Green Nord 27[123]
- Persib Bandung – Northern Wall, Flowers City Casuals[124]
- Persija Jakarta – Curva Sud Persija, Tiger Bois
- Persikabo 1973 – Ultras Persikabo Curva Sud
- Persis Solo – Surakartans 1923, Ultras 1923
- PSIS Semarang – Hooligans 1932
- PSS Sleman – Brigata Curva Sud
- Sriwijaya F.C. – Ultras Palembang
Israel
[edit]Kosovo
[edit]Malaysia
[edit]- National Team – Malaysia Casual[131]
Clubs[132]
- Johor Darul Ta'zim F.C. – Inter Johor Firm
- Selangor F.C. – Left Side Elite
- Kedah Darul Aman F.C. – Grelow Bad Kasual
- Kelantan F.C. – Kelantan Casual
- Kuala Lumpur City F.C. – Kuala Lumpur Casual
- Negeri Sembilan F.C. – Blood Militia 427
- Perak F.C. – Inter City Firm
- Sabah F.C. – North Borneo Firm
- Sri Pahang F.C. – Darul Makmur Elite
- Terengganu F.C. – Coastal City Lads
Montenegro
[edit]- FK Budućnost – Varvari[133]
- FK Berane - Streetboys[134]
Netherlands
[edit]- ADO Den Haag – Midden Noord, North Side, Vak-G[135]
- AFC Ajax – A.F.C.A, F-Side, AFCA Youth, AFCA 4th, North Up Alliance, South Crew VAK410[136][137]
- AZ – Ben-Side, Red White Fanatics/Alkmaar Fanatics[138][139]
- De Graafschap – Brigata Tifosi, Spinnenkop[140]
- PEC Zwolle – S-Side, Vandas noord, Zwolle Joet[141]
- FC Dordrecht – Island defenders, Dikeside[142]
- FC Groningen – Groningen Fanatics, Z-Side[143]
- FC Twente – Vak-P[144]
- FC Utrecht – Bunnikside, UHF[145]
- Feyenoord – U.D.F,[146] DeF, SCF, FIIIR, Vak-S[147][148]
- Helmond Sport – AA-Side, NFH Hsh/Hyc[144]
- MVV Maastricht – Angel-Side, Ultras Mestreech[149]
- NAC Breda – B-Side, F7 Ultras, Vak-G[150]
- NEC – HKN, Eastside[151]
- PSV – L-Side, Lighttown Madness, Oostfront[152]
- SC Cambuur – M.I.-Side[153]
- SC Heerenveen – Nieuw Noord[154]
- Sparta Rotterdam – Spangenaren, Tifosi del Castello[155]
- Vitesse – Rijnfront, Vak126[156]
- Willem II – Kingside, Tilburg Tifosi[157]
Norway
[edit]- Aalesunds FK / SPK Rollon – Blue Army Aalesund / Blue Army Rollon[158]
- Fredrikstad FK – Brigade Rød Hvit (BRH) CCTV Firm, Red Beavers.[159]
- Ham-Kam – Briskebys Beste Borgere (BBB)[160]
- I.K. Start – Christianssands Herreekvipasje (CHE)[161]
- Lillestrøm SK – Sportsklubbens fineste (SKF)[162]
- S.K. Brann – Bergen Casuals (TGB)[163]
- Viking FK – Stavanger Yngre (SYC)[164]
- Vålerenga I.F. Fotball – Isko Boys, Enga Casuals, Enga Yngre[165]
Poland
[edit]- Arka Gdynia – Młoda Arka[166]
- Cracovia – Jude Gang[166]
- Górnik Zabrze – Torcida[167]
- Korona Kielce – YBH'01 (Young Boys Hooligans)[168]
- Lech Poznań – Brygada Banici,[166] Young Freaks '98[169]
- Lechia Gdańsk – Młode Orły[166]
- Legia Warsaw – Teddy Boys'95, Turyści'97[166]
- Pogoń Szczecin – Terror Corps[166]
- Ruch Chorzów – Psycho Fans[166]
- Stal Stalowa Wola – Stalówka 'BZC'[166]
- Śląsk Wrocław – silesia[166]
- Widzew Łódź – Destroyers[166]
- Wisła Kraków – Sharks[166]
- Zagłębie Sosnowiec – Barra Bravas'97[166]
Portugal
[edit]- Boavista Futebol Clube – Panteras Negras – Ultras 84[170]
- Futebol Clube do Porto – Super Dragões[170] Colectivo 95[170]
- Sport Lisboa e Benfica – Diabos Vermelhos,[170] No Name Boys[170]
- Sporting Clube de Braga – Ultras Red Boys[170]
- Sporting Clube de Portugal – Directivo Ultras XXI,[170] Juventude Leonina,[170] Sporting Casuals,[171] Torcida Verde[170]
- Vitória Sport Clube – White Angels[170]
Russia
[edit]- CSKA Moscow – Gallant Steeds, Yaroslavka[172]
- Spartak Moscow – Gladiators Firm '96,[172] Fratria
- Zenit Saint Petersburg – Music Hall[172]
Scotland
[edit]- Aberdeen – Aberdeen Soccer Casuals,[173] Under 5s[174]
- Airdrie – Section B,[175] Red Army Firm[176]
- Alloa – Alloa Defense Unit[177]
- Arbroath – Arbroath Soccer Crew,[176] Arbroath Soccer Society[178]
- Ayr – Ayr Service Crew[179]
- Celtic – Celtic Soccer Crew,[180] Roman Catholic Casuals,[181] Style Mile Vandals[182]
- Dundee – Dundee Soccer Crew,[176] Hilltown Huns[183]
- Dundee United – Tannadice Trendies,[176] The Shimmy[184]
- Dundee & Dundee United – The Utility,[173][185] Alliance Under Fives[176]
- Dunfermline – Carnegie Soccer Service[176]
- Falkirk – Falkirk Fear, Falkirk yoof[186]
- Greenock Morton – Morton Soccer Crew,[187] Morton Youth[188]
- Heart of Midlothian – Casual Soccer Firm,[189] Gorgie Boot Boys,[190] Gorgie Aggro,[191] Shed Boys,[192] Hearts Service Crew.[193]
- Hibernian – Capital City Service,[189] Blackleys Baby Crew,[194] The Family,[195] Hibs Baby Crew,[196] Inter City Fleet[197]
- Inverness Caledonian Thistle – North Stand Boys.
- Kilmarnock – Paninaro[179]
- Meadowbank Thistle – Thistle Soccer Boys[178]
- Montrose – Portland Bill Seaside Squad,[198] Montrose Soccer Unit[178]
- Motherwell – Saturday Service,[173] Tufty Club, Soccer Shorties, Nu-Kru[176]
- Partick Thistle – North Glasgow Express[199]
- Queen of the South – Casuals Internal Division[199]
- Queen's Park - Section 67[200]
- Raith Rovers – Kirkcaldy Soccer Casuals, Kirkcaldy Baby Crew[176]
- Rangers – Inter City Firm,[180] Her Majesty's Service,[176] Rangers Soccer Babes, Section Red[201]
- St Johnstone – Fair City Firm, Mainline Baby Squad,[176] Perth Pack,[199] BenJDavo Renegades
- St Mirren – Love Street Division[180]
- Scotland FC – Scottish National Firm[201]
Serbia
[edit]- FK Partizan – Grobari, Principi, Anti Romi, Shadows, Vandal Boys, Commando, 40+, Još Neko Kopa, Vračar[202][203][204]
- Crvena zvezda – Delije, Belgrade Boys, Heroes, Mangupi, Brigate, Ultra Boys 1993, Hyaenas, Armija 5, Kopre Nedri[205][206]
- FK Rad – United Force[207][208]
- FK Zemun – Taurunum Boys[209][210]
- FK Voždovac - Invalidi[211]
- Radnicki 1923 - Crveni Đavoli
- Vojvodina Novi Sad – Firma[212]
- Spartak Subotica – Marinci
- Radnički Niš – Meraklije
- FK Novi Pazar – Ekstremi, Torcida Sandžak
- OFK Belgrade – Plava Unija
Slovakia
[edit]- FK Dukla Banská Bystrica – Red White Angeles[213]
- FK DAC 1904 Dunajská Streda – Felvidéki Harcosok (Hungarian: "Upland warriors")[214]
- MFK Košice – Rebels VSS, Psycho Boys[213]
- FC Nitra – Bulldogs '95[213]
- ŠK Slovan Bratislava – Ultras Slovan Pressburg[213]
- FC Spartak Trnava – Red Black Warriors[213]
- 1. FC Tatran Prešov – Village Brigade[215]
- AS Trenčín – Trenchtown Gangsters[216]
- MŠK Žilina – Yellow Green Fanatics,[213] Terror Boys[217]
Spain
[edit]- Athletic Club – Herri Norte Taldea[218]
- Atlético Madrid – Frente Atlético, Suburbios Firm[218]
- Barcelona – Boixos Nois[218]
- Cadiz – Brigadas Amarillas[219]
- Celta Vigo – Celtarras[220]
- Deportivo Alavés – Iraultza 1923[221]
- Deportivo La Coruña – Riazor Blues[220]
- Malaga – Frente Bokerón, Malaka Hinchas[219]
- Osasuna – Indar Gorri[222]
- Rayo Vallecano – Bukaneros[223]
- Real Betis – Supporters Gol Sur[224]
- Real Madrid – Ultras Sur[223]
- Real Oviedo – Symmachiarii[223]
- Real Sociedad – Peña Mujika[223]
- Real Zaragoza – Ligallo Fondo Norte,[223] Avispero[225]
- Sevilla – Biris Norte[224]
- Sporting Gijón – Ultra Boys[226]
- Valencia – Ultras Yomus,[227] Curva Nord[223]
Sweden
[edit]- AIK – Firman Boys,[228][229] Young Boys,[228]
- BS BolticGöta/Degerfors IF/Färjestads BK – Värmlandsalliansen[230]
- Djurgårdens IF – Djurgårdens Fina Grabbar (DFG),[228] Djurgårdens Yngre Grabbar,[228] Djurgårdens Mindre Grabbar[228]
- GAIS – Gärningsmännen,[231] GAIS Yngre,[231] GAIS Babys[228]
- IFK Göteborg – Wisemen,[228] Gothenburg Youth Division,[228] Youth crew Gothenburg,[228] Gothenburg United[228]
- Kalmar FF – Kalmarfamiljen[232]
- Hammarby IF – Kompisgänget Bajen (KGB), Sudra Divizione MMXI, Bajen Baby Squad, Bajen Yngsta, Bajen Orphans[228][233]
- Helsingborgs IF – Frontline[234]
- Linköpings HC – Cluben Casuals[235]
- Malmö FF – True Rockers[234]
- Örgryte IS – Red fans klan[236]
Turkey
[edit]- Fenerbahce – KFY (Kill For You)[citation needed] Bogaz Hooligans[237]
Ukraine
[edit]- FC Arsenal Kyiv – Hoods Hoods Klan[238][239][240]
- Dynamo Kyiv – WBC (White Boys Club),[241] Rodychi,[242] Kyiv City Supporters,[243] Albatros, Young Hope[244]
- Shakhtar Donetsk – Za Boys Ultras[245]
- FC Dnipro – Ultras'83[246]
- Karpaty Lviv – Banderstadt Ultras,[247] Green White Ultras[248]
- Metalist Kharkiv – United Kharkiv,[249] Pivdenna hrupa
- Zorya Luhansk – Black-White Ultras[250]
- Vorskla Poltava – Crew Of Golden Eagle[251]
- Metalurh Zaporizhzhia – Beshketnyky[252]
- Volyn Lutsk – Volyn Crusaders Firm[253]
- Chornomorets Odesa – SouthFront[254]
- Nyva Ternopil – Terno Field Army[255]
- FC Oleksandriya – PFCO Supporters[256]
- Dnipro Cherkasy – Cherkasy Ultras[257]
Wales
[edit]- Cardiff City – Soul Crew[258]
- Swansea City – Jack Army,[259] Swansea Riot Squad[260]
- Wrexham – Wrexham Frontline[53]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Schneiders, Ben; Jaeger, Carla; Abbott, Lachlan (23 December 2022). "'A cultural mess': Behind the A-League pitch invasion". Sydney Morning Herald. Australia: Fairfax. Retrieved 18 July 2025.
- ^ Bashan, Yoni (4 January 2014). "Police in Australia have heightened fears that the A-League is experiencing its first hooligan groups". The Daily Telegraph. Sydney, Australia: News Corp Australia. Retrieved 18 July 2025.
- ^ a b "1.000 hooligans verwacht op bekerfinale zondag". Het Laatste Nieuws. 19 March 2015.
- ^ "X-side – Heersers na de wedstrijd". 2004.
- ^ Jardine, Nick (28 September 2011). "BRUISINGS, BURNINGS AND BEATINGS: Europe's Worst Soccer Hooligans". Business Insider.
- ^ Ed (20 February 2011). "The Ultra movement and the political influences". Libcom.org.
- ^ "The History of the Bad Blue Boys". Archived from the original on 3 July 2009.
- ^ Cullen, Damian (13 May 2009). "Boys from the Balkans don't need a war to go to war". The Irish Times.
- ^ "Ponovo neredi hrvatskih navijaca: u Sloveniji sukob Armade i Viola". Index.hr. 4 July 2007. Retrieved 2 June 2012.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Smolík, Josef (2006). "Football fan culture in the Czech Republic | Development, problems, causes". Football fan culture in the Czech Republic: 5.
- ^ "Rozhovor s Proktorem ze skupiny Silesian Hunters" [Interview with a proctor from Silesian Hunters]. hooligans.cz (in Czech). 1 February 2012. Archived from the original on 24 June 2013.
- ^ "Baník Ostrava – Sparta Praha (Pohled Baníku)". hooligans.cz (in Czech). 15 July 2013. Archived from the original on 30 July 2013.
- ^ "Thor Division". Thor Division. Retrieved 11 February 2025.
- ^ "Rozhovor se skupinou Berserk (Bohemians 1905)" [An interview with Berserk (Bohemians 1905)]. hooligans.cz (in Czech). 11 August 2013. Archived from the original on 11 December 2014.
- ^ "Česká scéna: Dukla Praha" [Czech scene: Dukla Praha]. hooligans.cz (in Czech). 29 July 2012.
- ^ a b "Rozhovor s chuligánem SFC Opava" [Interview with hooligans SFC Opava]. hooligans.cz (in Czech). 29 January 2012. Archived from the original on 24 June 2013.
- ^ "Sigma hooligans hlásí návrat" [Sigma hooligans reports back]. antifa.cz (in Czech). 6 February 2012.
- ^ "Rozhovor se členem skupiny Youngsters (Slavia Praha)" [Interview with a member of Youngsters (Slavia Prague)]. hooligans.cz (in Czech). 3 February 2013. Archived from the original on 24 June 2013.
- ^ "Ultras Slavia". Archived from the original on 19 June 2015.
- ^ "Rozhovor s jedním ze zakladatelů Prague Boys" [Interview with one of the founders of Prague Boys]. suppoters.cz (in Czech). 21 January 2013.
- ^ "Rozhovor s Prague Boys ze Sparty" [Interview with Prague Boys Sparta]. hooligans.cz (in Czech). 20 December 2011.
- ^ "Rozhovor se skupinou Youth Firm ze Sparty" [An interview with Sparta Youth Firm]. hooligans.cz (in Czech). 5 August 2014. Archived from the original on 31 January 2016.
- ^ "Rozhovor s fanouškem AC Sparta Praha" [An interview with a fan of AC Sparta Prague]. suppoters.cz (in Czech). 10 January 2012.
- ^ "Česká scéna: Viktoria Plzeň" [Czech scene: Viktoria Plzeň]. hooligans.cz (in Czech). 17 July 2012. Archived from the original on 11 December 2014. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
- ^ "Johny Kentus Gang" (in Czech). Archived from the original on 13 March 2014. Retrieved 21 August 2013.
- ^ "Hooligans casuals og ultras i Danmark". TV2 Nyhederne. 15 September 2008. Archived from the original on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 12 November 2010.
- ^ "Unge Casuals-bøller fører an i Århus". aarhusportalen.dk. Archived from the original on 30 May 2012. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
- ^ af ptho for TV 2 Nyhederne (19 May 2008). "Hooligans, casuals og ultras i Danmark – TV 2 Nyhederne". Nyhederne.tv2.dk. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Politiet advarer Esbjerg-fans". Bold.dk. 4 October 2006. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
- ^ "Hooligans og hagekors". redox.dk (in Danish). Archived from the original on 1 August 2007.
- ^ "Danske hooligangrupper | Tipsbladet". Tipsbladet.dk. 19 September 2008. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
- ^ AF Frank Hvilsom (29 March 2012). "Politi: Blue Army fra Lyngby er hooligans" (in Danish). Politiken.dk. Retrieved 2 April 2012.
- ^ Thomsen, Philip (14 September 2023). "Familiefædre og studerende: Så forskellige er de danske hooligans". ekstrabladet.dk (in Danish). Retrieved 21 October 2024.
- ^ "football thug banned after arrest at airport". Bournemouth Echo. 21 April 2008. Retrieved 21 August 2013.
- ^ "Publisher denies book glamorises hooligans". Aldershot News. 3 November 2005. Archived from the original on 4 July 2009. Retrieved 24 January 2008.
- ^ Lowles, Nick; Andy Nicholls (2005). Hooligans: A-L of Britain's Football Gangs. Wrea Green: Milo Books. p. 25. ISBN 1-903854-41-5.
- ^ Brown, Danny; Milo Brittle (2006). Villains: The Inside Story of Aston Villa's Hooligan Gangs. Wrea Green: Milo Books. ISBN 978-1-903854-59-4.
- ^ BTFC History
- ^ Gall, Carolin (2005). Zulus: A Football Hooligan Gang. Wrea Green: Milo Books. ISBN 1-903854-48-2.
- ^ a b Stocks, Rob (23 November 2006). "Hooligans not welcome here". Blackpool Gazette. Retrieved 23 November 2006.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Lowles, Nick; Nicholl, Andy (6 September 2007). "B". Hooligans. Milo Books Ltd. ISBN 978-1-903854-63-1.
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- ^ Monks, Kieron (27 June 2022). "Ukraine's football hooligans put combat training to use in fight against the Russian enemy". inews.co.uk.
- ^ Goldsmith, Adam (16 June 2022). "Ukrainian anti-fascist football hooligans fighting Putin 'want to kill Russians'". Daily Star.
- ^ "Official site White Boys Club: video, photos, information". 19 July 2007. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
- ^ "Rodychi ultras about provocations near House of Culture". 13 February 2015. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
- ^ "Kyiv City Supporters – 7 yers". 11 February 2015. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
- ^ "Young Hope – history". 19 April 2013. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
- ^ "Za Boys Ultras vs FCDK (Dynamo Kyiv) Ultras derby". 8 November 2011. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
- ^ "FC Dnipro ultras fight with police". 12 September 2014. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
- ^ "Banderstadt Ultras 5th birthday celebration". 6 December 2012. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
- ^ "Green White Ultras piro". 4 May 2015. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
- ^ "United Kharkiv Supporters group: creation". 23 December 2013. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
- ^ "Black-White Ultras and Ukrainian Revolution". 23 July 2014. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
- ^ "Crew of Golden Eagle (COGE) official site". 28 February 2007. Archived from the original on 18 December 2014. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
- ^ "Conversation about Beshketnyky Ultras". 17 January 2012. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
- ^ "Volyn Ultras: who are these guys?". 4 February 2015. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
- ^ "Ultras Chornomorets: we will fight for our club!". 4 May 2015. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
- ^ "TFA Ultras from Western Ukraine". 21 July 2007. Archived from the original on 25 September 2018. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
- ^ "Ultras League Ukraine: Olexandriya". Retrieved 4 May 2015.
- ^ "Official site". Retrieved 4 May 2015.
- ^ "Cardiff and the hooligan element". BBC News. 17 May 2003. Retrieved 5 May 2007.
- ^ King, Martin; Tooze, Andrew (8 November 2007). The Swansea Jacks: From Skinheads to Stone Island – Forty Years of One of Britain's Most Notorious Hooligan Gangs. Manchester: Headhunter Books. ISBN 978-1-906085-05-6.
- ^ Redhead, Steve (2015). Football and Accelerated Culture: This Modern Sporting Life. Routledge. p. 30. ISBN 9781317411550.
External links
[edit]- Hooli-News – latest hooligan-related news and information from around the world
- Three-part BBC2 investigation on football firms from 2002
- Running with the 'Naughty Forty', part of the BBC2 2002 investigation
- Ultras Jagiellonia Bialystok', Website of Jagiellonia Bialystok group