The Hunan Provincial People's Congress is the people's congress of Hunan, a province of China. The Congress is elected for a term of five years. Hunan Provincial People's Congress meetings are held at least once a year. After a proposal by more than one-fifth of the deputies, a meeting of the people's congress at the corresponding level may be convened temporarily.

In April 1954, 15,624 urban and rural political units in Hunan completed the first general election after the founding of the People's Republic of China. More than 320,000 township and town people's congress representatives were directly elected by voters, and township and town people's congresses were widely established. On this basis, 26,676 county and city people's congress representatives were indirectly elected by the township and town people's congresses, and 552 provincial people's congress representatives were indirectly elected by the county and city people's congresses. The 1st session of the 1st Hunan Provincial People's Congress was held in Changsha from August 10 to 14, 1954, marking the official establishment of local state power organs in Hunan.^{[citation needed]}

During the Cultural Revolution from 1966 to 1977, the Hunan Provincial People's Congress ceased to operate.^{[citation needed]}

In November 1977, the 1st session of the 5th Hunan Provincial People's Congress was held to resume activities. From December 21 to 28, 1979, the 2nd Session of the 5th People's Hunan Provincial People's Congress was held, and the Standing Committee was established as a permanent body during the recess period.

The 14th Hunan Provincial People's Congress has a total of 755 representatives elected by 15 electoral units: