Ickleton Priory was a Benedictine priory of nuns at Ickleton, Cambridgeshire, England. It was established in the middle of the 12th century and suppressed in the Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1536.

The priory's dedicatee was Saint Mary Magdalene.

The earliest record of Ickleton Priory's existence is a commission issued between 1174 and 1181 by Pope Alexander III. This was in response to the priory's claim that in about 1163 Thomas Becket, then Archbishop of Canterbury, had granted the nuns in income of 40 shillings from the parish church of nearby Fowlmere.

In 1151, the manor of Ickleton was given to the Aubrey de Vere, 1st Earl of Oxford as a wedding gift by King Stephen and Queen Maud for his marriage to Euphemia.

The priory dominated Ickleton for three and a half centuries and held the parish's principal manor, which by 1536 covered 714 acres (289 ha). However, the priory's total estates were not extensive and the priory was neither large nor wealthy. By 1279 the priory had the small manor of Netherhall in Arrington, which it held of Lady Clare. In 1393 the priory acquired a messuage at nearby Duxford under licence.

The priory held more land in Essex than Cambridgeshire. This included a manor, later called Impey Hall, at Buttsbury and Stock Harward. The priory's other Cambridgeshire lands were in the parishes of Ashdon, Elmington, Great Chesterford, Greshall, Littlebury and Strethall.

Parish churches were another source of monastic income. However, in 1378 the priory held only two parish churches: those at Ickleton and Arrington. By the 1450s the priory had been granted an income from the church at Shingay, although the church itself was held by the Knights Hospitaller's Shingay Preceptory.

By 1227 the prioress had the right to hold at Ickleton a weekly market, an annual fair and a court leet. From 1236 she was chartered to hold a market at Stock Harward.