Indira Gandhi
Indira Gandhi
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The chronicle serves to compile a day-by-day history of Indira Gandhi.

Indira Gandhi was cremated in accordance with Hindu tradition near Raj Ghat in New Delhi. The cremation site is now known as Shakti Sthal, a memorial dedicated to her.
Indira Gandhi was assassinated by two of her Sikh bodyguards, Satwant Singh and Beant Singh, in New Delhi. Her assassination led to widespread anti-Sikh riots and a period of political instability in India. This day marks a significant turning point in Indian history.
Indira Gandhi resumed her position as Union Minister of External Affairs, overseeing India's diplomatic engagements and international relations. Her second term as Foreign Minister was cut short by her assassination.
Operation Blue Star began, ordered by Indira Gandhi, to remove Sikh militants from the Golden Temple in Amritsar. This controversial military action led to significant damage to the Temple and numerous casualties.
The Temple complex had become a fort for many militants. On 23 April 1983, the Punjab Police Deputy Inspector General A. S. Atwal was shot dead as he left the Temple compound. The next day, Harchand Singh Longowal (then president of Akali Dal) confirmed the involvement of Bhindranwale in the murder.
Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale led a campaign demanding greater autonomy for the Sikh-majority state. Meanwhile, a small group of Sikhs, including some of Bhindranwale's followers, turned to militancy after being targeted by government officials and police for supporting the Anandpur Resolution. In 1982, Bhindranwale and approximately 200 armed followers moved into a guest house called the Guru Nanak Niwas near the Golden Temple.
Sanjay Gandhi, Indira Gandhi's younger son and a prominent political figure, died in a plane crash in New Delhi. This event had a profound impact on Indira Gandhi and Indian politics, leading to a shift in her political strategy.
Indira Gandhi was re-elected as Prime Minister of India. This marked her return to power after the Janata Party's government collapsed and indicated a shift in public sentiment.
Indira Gandhi splits from the Indian National Congress to form her own faction, Congress (I), with 'I' standing for Indira. This division reflects a period of political fragmentation and maneuvering.
Indira Gandhi and her Congress party suffered a significant defeat in the Indian general election. This loss led to the end of her first term as Prime Minister and the beginning of the Janata Party's rule.
Indira Gandhi takes on the additional role of Union Minister of Defence, further consolidating her control over key portfolios during the Emergency period.
Indira Gandhi declared a state of emergency in India, citing internal disorder. This led to the suspension of civil liberties, censorship of the press, and the arrest of political opponents, marking a controversial period in Indian history.
The Allahabad High Court declared Indira Gandhi's 1971 election to the Lok Sabha void due to electoral malpractice. This verdict led to a political crisis and eventually contributed to the declaration of the Emergency.
The Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 concluded with the surrender of Pakistani forces in Dhaka. This led to the creation of Bangladesh and significantly enhanced India's regional power and Indira Gandhi's political stature.
Pakistan launched Operation Chengiz Khan, attacking Indian airbases, prompting Indira Gandhi to declare a state of emergency and address the nation. This marked the formal beginning of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971.
Yashwantrao Chavan succeeds Indira Gandhi as the Union Minister of Finance. This transfer marks a change in the economic leadership within the government.
Indira Gandhi takes on the additional role of Union Minister of Home Affairs, demonstrating her focus on internal security and governance. This further centralizes power within her leadership.
Indira Gandhi nationalized 14 major commercial banks in India. This policy decision was aimed at directing bank lending towards priority sectors such as agriculture and small-scale industries, and it had a significant impact on the Indian economy.
Indira Gandhi takes on the role of Union Minister of Finance, filling the position previously held by Morarji Desai. This move consolidates her control over important economic portfolios within the government.
Indira Gandhi assumes the role of Union Minister of External Affairs, signifying her involvement in shaping India's foreign policy and international relations. Her tenure began at a time of regional tensions and the Cold War.
Morarji Desai was appointed as the Deputy Prime Minister under Indira Gandhi, and took on the additional role of Finance Minister. This appointment signified a coalition within the government, attempting to balance different political viewpoints.
Following the sudden death of Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri, Indira Gandhi was elected as the leader of the INC's parliamentary party, defeating Morarji Desai. This election positioned her as the Prime Minister of India, making her the first and, to date, only female Prime Minister of the country.
Lal Bahadur Shastri appointed Indira Gandhi as the Minister of Information and Broadcasting in his government. This marked her entry into a formal ministerial position after her father's death and started her journey in Indian politics.
Indira Gandhi marries Feroze Gandhi, who was no relation to Mahatma Gandhi. They married in Allahabad according to Adi Dharm rituals, although Feroze belonged to a Zoroastrian Parsi family of Gujarat.
World War II begins with Germany's invasion of Poland. This event significantly impacts global politics and eventually influences India's struggle for independence and Indira Gandhi's future political views.
Indira Priyadarshini Nehru, later known as Indira Gandhi, was born in Allahabad (present-day Prayagraj), Uttar Pradesh, India. She was the daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru, who would become the first Prime Minister of India, and Kamala Nehru. Her birth marked the beginning of the life of a prominent figure in Indian politics.
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