Cousteau conducted extensive research on marine life, ocean currents, and underwater ecosystems. His work contributed significantly to our understanding of the ocean and the impact of human activities on marine environments.

Cousteau founded The Cousteau Society, a non-profit environmental organization dedicated to protecting the world's oceans. The Society conducted research, produced educational materials, and advocated for ocean conservation policies.

Cousteau became a vocal advocate for ocean conservation, speaking out against pollution, overfishing, and destructive fishing practices. He used his platform to raise awareness about the importance of protecting marine ecosystems and promoting sustainable practices.

Cousteau worked with the United Nations to promote ocean conservation and sustainable development. He served as a consultant to UNESCO and played a key role in the development of international environmental agreements.