One challenge is the potential for oversimplification or romanticization of nature, leading to unrealistic expectations or overlooking the complexities of ecological systems. Careful scientific understanding is crucial to avoid misinterpreting natural processes.

While biomimicry can generate innovative solutions at a smaller scale, scaling up these solutions to meet global demand can be challenging and may require significant technological advancements. Bridging the gap between concept and large-scale implementation remains a hurdle.

There is a risk that companies may superficially adopt biomimicry principles to improve their public image without making substantial changes to their practices, a form of 'greenwashing'. Ensuring genuine and meaningful application of biomimicry is essential.

Effective biomimicry requires close collaboration between biologists, designers, engineers, and other experts. Overcoming communication barriers and fostering interdisciplinary understanding can be challenging but crucial for success.