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Madja-as
Madja-as was a legendary precolonial confederacy on the island of Panay in the Philippines. It was mentioned in Pedro Monteclaro's book titled Maragtas. It was supposedly created by Datu Sumakwel to exercise his authority over all the other datus of Panay. Like the Maragtas and the Code of Kalantiaw, the historical authenticity of the confederation is disputed.
The Maragtas is a work by Pedro Alcantara Monteclaro titled (in English translation) History of Panay from the first inhabitants and the Bornean immigrants, from which they descended, to the arrival of the Spaniards. The work is in mixed Hiligaynon and Kinaray-a languages in Iloilo written in 1901 and published in 1907. It is an original work based on written and oral sources available to the author.
While the work is disputed, the notion that the Maragtas is an original work of fiction by Monteclaro is disputed by a 2019 Thesis, named "Mga Maragtas ng Panay: Comparative Analysis of Documents about the Bornean Settlement Tradition" by Talaguit Christian Jeo N. of the De La Salle University who stated that, "Contrary to popular belief, the Monteclaro Maragtas is not a primary source of the legend but is rather more accurately a secondary source at best" as the story of the Maragtas also appeared in the Augustinian Friar, Rev. Fr. Tomas Santaren’s Bisayan Accounts of Early Bornean Settlements (created in 1858, published in 1902)
An old manuscript 'Margitas' of uncertain date (discovered by the anthropologist H. Otley Beyer) was said to have given interesting details about the laws, government, social customs, and religious beliefs of the early Visayans. However, F. Landa Jocano made it clear that the book in question was the Maragtas, not the Margitas.
Historian Robert Nicholl implied that the Srivijayans of Sumatra, Vijayans of Vijayapura at Brunei and the Visayans in the Philippines were all related and connected to each other since they form one contiguous area. On a similar note, according to an early Spanish missionary and historian P. Francisco Colin, S.J. in the Philippines, the inhabitants of Panay Island were originally from north Sumatra.
According to the Maragtas, Datu Makatunaw is the ruler of Borneo and a relative of Datu Puti who seized the properties and riches of the ten datus. According to Augustinian Friar Rev. Fr. Santaren's version of Maragtas (1858) Datu Macatunao is labelled as the “sultan of the Moros”.
Datu Puti, one of the leaders of the group, then led some dissident datus from Borneo in rebellion against Rajah Makatunaw. According to local oral legends and this book, ten datus of Borneo (Sumakwel, Bangkaya, Paiburong, Paduhinog, Dumangsol, Dumangsil, Dumaluglog, Balensuela, and Lubay, who were led by Datu Puti) and their followers fled to the sea on their barangays and sailed north to flee from the oppressive reign of their paramount ruler Datu Makatunaw. They fled from Borneo towards Paragua, before reaching the island of Panay.
The Code of Maragtas, a separate work from the Maragtas book, placed the date of the rebellion and the settlement at 1212, but this was doubted by historians Paul Morrow and William Henry Scott.
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Madja-as
Madja-as was a legendary precolonial confederacy on the island of Panay in the Philippines. It was mentioned in Pedro Monteclaro's book titled Maragtas. It was supposedly created by Datu Sumakwel to exercise his authority over all the other datus of Panay. Like the Maragtas and the Code of Kalantiaw, the historical authenticity of the confederation is disputed.
The Maragtas is a work by Pedro Alcantara Monteclaro titled (in English translation) History of Panay from the first inhabitants and the Bornean immigrants, from which they descended, to the arrival of the Spaniards. The work is in mixed Hiligaynon and Kinaray-a languages in Iloilo written in 1901 and published in 1907. It is an original work based on written and oral sources available to the author.
While the work is disputed, the notion that the Maragtas is an original work of fiction by Monteclaro is disputed by a 2019 Thesis, named "Mga Maragtas ng Panay: Comparative Analysis of Documents about the Bornean Settlement Tradition" by Talaguit Christian Jeo N. of the De La Salle University who stated that, "Contrary to popular belief, the Monteclaro Maragtas is not a primary source of the legend but is rather more accurately a secondary source at best" as the story of the Maragtas also appeared in the Augustinian Friar, Rev. Fr. Tomas Santaren’s Bisayan Accounts of Early Bornean Settlements (created in 1858, published in 1902)
An old manuscript 'Margitas' of uncertain date (discovered by the anthropologist H. Otley Beyer) was said to have given interesting details about the laws, government, social customs, and religious beliefs of the early Visayans. However, F. Landa Jocano made it clear that the book in question was the Maragtas, not the Margitas.
Historian Robert Nicholl implied that the Srivijayans of Sumatra, Vijayans of Vijayapura at Brunei and the Visayans in the Philippines were all related and connected to each other since they form one contiguous area. On a similar note, according to an early Spanish missionary and historian P. Francisco Colin, S.J. in the Philippines, the inhabitants of Panay Island were originally from north Sumatra.
According to the Maragtas, Datu Makatunaw is the ruler of Borneo and a relative of Datu Puti who seized the properties and riches of the ten datus. According to Augustinian Friar Rev. Fr. Santaren's version of Maragtas (1858) Datu Macatunao is labelled as the “sultan of the Moros”.
Datu Puti, one of the leaders of the group, then led some dissident datus from Borneo in rebellion against Rajah Makatunaw. According to local oral legends and this book, ten datus of Borneo (Sumakwel, Bangkaya, Paiburong, Paduhinog, Dumangsol, Dumangsil, Dumaluglog, Balensuela, and Lubay, who were led by Datu Puti) and their followers fled to the sea on their barangays and sailed north to flee from the oppressive reign of their paramount ruler Datu Makatunaw. They fled from Borneo towards Paragua, before reaching the island of Panay.
The Code of Maragtas, a separate work from the Maragtas book, placed the date of the rebellion and the settlement at 1212, but this was doubted by historians Paul Morrow and William Henry Scott.
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