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Kiowa
Kiowa (/ˈkaɪ.əwə, -wɑː, -weɪ/ KY-ə-wə, -wah) or Ǥáuigú (Kiowa pronunciation: [kɔ́jɡʷú]) people are a Native American tribe and an Indigenous people of the Great Plains of the United States. They migrated southward from western Montana into the Rocky Mountains in Colorado in the 17th and 18th centuries and eventually into the Southern Plains by the early 19th century. In 1867, the Kiowa were moved to a reservation in Southwestern Oklahoma.
Today, they are federally recognized as Kiowa Indian Tribe of Oklahoma with headquarters in Carnegie, Oklahoma. As of 2011[update], there were 12,000 citizens.
The Kiowa language (Ǥáuiđòᵰ꞉gyà), part of the Tanoan language family, is in danger of extinction, with only 20 speakers as of 2012. As of 2024[update] the Kiowa have a Kiowa Language Department.
In the early 18th century, the Plains Apache lived around the upper Missouri River and maintained close connections to the Kiowa. They were ethnically different and spoke different languages. The allied nations communicated using Plains Sign Talk and accompanied one another on their migration into the Southern Plains.
In the Kiowa language, Kiowa call themselves ([kɔ́j–gʷú]), spelled variously as Ǥáuigyú, [Gáuigyú, Cáuigú, Ka'igwu, Gáuigú, or Gaigwu, most given with the speculated meaning "Principal People." The first part of the name is the element [kɔ́j] (spelled Ǥáui-, [Gáui-, Kae-, Cáui-, Gáui-, or Gai-) which simply means 'Kiowa'. Its origin is lost. The second element -gua/gú [–gʷú] (or [–gʷúɔ̯] in older Kiowa) is a plural marker.
Ancient names of the tribe were Kútd̶àu or Kwu-da ([kʰʷút–tɔ̀]) ("emerging" or "coming out rapidly") and Tépdàu: or Tep-da ([tʰép+dɔ̀ː]), relating to the tribal origin narrative of a creator pulling people out of a hollow log until a pregnant woman got stuck. Later, they called themselves Kòmb̶àubîn̶:dàu or Kom-pa-bianta ([kòmpɔ̀+bį̂ː–dɔ̀]) (tipi flap+big–plural) for "people with large tipi flaps", before they met Southern Plains tribes or before they met white men.
In English, Kiowa is pronounced KI-o-wa (/ˈkaɪ.oʊ.wə/); KI-o-wə (/ˈki.oʊ.wə/) is considered improper. The English name derives from how the Comanches would say /kɔ́j–gʷú/ in their language. Some older Kiowas will say Kiowa as KI-wah (/ˈkaɪ.wɑː/).[citation needed]
In Plains Indian Sign Language, Kiowa is expressed by holding two straight fingers near the lower outside edge of the right eye and moving these fingers back past the ear.[citation needed] This corresponded to the ancient Kiowa hairstyle cut horizontally from the lower outside edge of the eyes to the back of their ears. This was a practical way to prevent their hair from getting tangled while shooting an arrow from a bowstring.[citation needed] George Catlin painted Kiowa warriors with this hairstyle.
Hub AI
Kiowa AI simulator
(@Kiowa_simulator)
Kiowa
Kiowa (/ˈkaɪ.əwə, -wɑː, -weɪ/ KY-ə-wə, -wah) or Ǥáuigú (Kiowa pronunciation: [kɔ́jɡʷú]) people are a Native American tribe and an Indigenous people of the Great Plains of the United States. They migrated southward from western Montana into the Rocky Mountains in Colorado in the 17th and 18th centuries and eventually into the Southern Plains by the early 19th century. In 1867, the Kiowa were moved to a reservation in Southwestern Oklahoma.
Today, they are federally recognized as Kiowa Indian Tribe of Oklahoma with headquarters in Carnegie, Oklahoma. As of 2011[update], there were 12,000 citizens.
The Kiowa language (Ǥáuiđòᵰ꞉gyà), part of the Tanoan language family, is in danger of extinction, with only 20 speakers as of 2012. As of 2024[update] the Kiowa have a Kiowa Language Department.
In the early 18th century, the Plains Apache lived around the upper Missouri River and maintained close connections to the Kiowa. They were ethnically different and spoke different languages. The allied nations communicated using Plains Sign Talk and accompanied one another on their migration into the Southern Plains.
In the Kiowa language, Kiowa call themselves ([kɔ́j–gʷú]), spelled variously as Ǥáuigyú, [Gáuigyú, Cáuigú, Ka'igwu, Gáuigú, or Gaigwu, most given with the speculated meaning "Principal People." The first part of the name is the element [kɔ́j] (spelled Ǥáui-, [Gáui-, Kae-, Cáui-, Gáui-, or Gai-) which simply means 'Kiowa'. Its origin is lost. The second element -gua/gú [–gʷú] (or [–gʷúɔ̯] in older Kiowa) is a plural marker.
Ancient names of the tribe were Kútd̶àu or Kwu-da ([kʰʷút–tɔ̀]) ("emerging" or "coming out rapidly") and Tépdàu: or Tep-da ([tʰép+dɔ̀ː]), relating to the tribal origin narrative of a creator pulling people out of a hollow log until a pregnant woman got stuck. Later, they called themselves Kòmb̶àubîn̶:dàu or Kom-pa-bianta ([kòmpɔ̀+bį̂ː–dɔ̀]) (tipi flap+big–plural) for "people with large tipi flaps", before they met Southern Plains tribes or before they met white men.
In English, Kiowa is pronounced KI-o-wa (/ˈkaɪ.oʊ.wə/); KI-o-wə (/ˈki.oʊ.wə/) is considered improper. The English name derives from how the Comanches would say /kɔ́j–gʷú/ in their language. Some older Kiowas will say Kiowa as KI-wah (/ˈkaɪ.wɑː/).[citation needed]
In Plains Indian Sign Language, Kiowa is expressed by holding two straight fingers near the lower outside edge of the right eye and moving these fingers back past the ear.[citation needed] This corresponded to the ancient Kiowa hairstyle cut horizontally from the lower outside edge of the eyes to the back of their ears. This was a practical way to prevent their hair from getting tangled while shooting an arrow from a bowstring.[citation needed] George Catlin painted Kiowa warriors with this hairstyle.
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