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Hangul Day
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Hangul Day
Hangul Day, called Hangeul Day (Korean: 한글날) in South Korea, and Chosŏn'gŭl Day (Korean: 조선글날) in North Korea, is a holiday celebrating the creation or promulgation of the native Korean alphabet, also called Hangul. The holiday is observed on October 9 in South Korea and January 15 in North Korea.
The holiday was established in 1926 by the Korean Language Society. Its date was set to mark the Korean calendar anniversary of the 1446 publication of the Hunminjeongeum, the text used to introduce Hangul. However, October 9 is only a guess at when Hangul was first published; the actual date is not known with confidence. The celebration date has changed over time.
In 1949, South Korea officially made it a public holiday. It maintained this status until 1990, when it was demoted to a commemoration without time off work. It was made a national holiday in 2005 and was again elevated to a public holiday in 2012.
North Korea celebrates the day on January 15, apparently in honor of Hangul's 1443 announcement. In Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture in China, a "Day of the Korean Language" (Chinese: 朝鲜语言文字日; Korean: 조선어문자의 날) is celebrated on September 2.
An exact creation date for Hangul is difficult to determine based on known evidence. The earliest attestation to Hangul is a 30th day, 12th month of 1443 record in the Veritable Records of Sejong. The record documents the initial announcement of Hangul's creation to the court of Sejong the Great. By that time, the alphabet was likely in a mostly complete form. However, the entry only says the announcement was made some time during that month; scholar Gari Ledyard argues that Hangul was likely introduced some day before, and not exactly on, that date. In the Julian calendar, that month corresponds to between December 21, 1443 and January 19, 1444. In the Gregorian calendar, it corresponds to between December 30, 1443 and January 28, 1444.
The promulgation date for Hangul is also unclear. Hangul was officially published in the 9th month of 1446 via the text Hunminjeongeum and its companion commentary Hunminjeongeum Haerye. The Veritable Records of Sejong copy of the Hunminjeongeum is contained in a 29th day, 9th month of 1446 entry. However, that entry says that the Hunminjeongeum was published some time during that month. The Hunminjeongeum Haerye was lost to the historical record and only rediscovered in 1940, decades after Hangul Day's establishment. Its postface is dated to the first ten days (상한; 上澣) of the 9th month of 1446, although it is unclear which of those days it was published on.
In 1908, the earliest predecessor to the Korean Language Society (KLS; then called 국어연구학회; Kugŏ yŏn'gu hakhoe, although it changed names several times thereafter) was founded. Its goal was to research, reform, and promote the Korean language and Korean alphabet (which by then went by various names). In 1910, Korea was colonized by Japan. The KLS continued to operate during the colonial period.
On February 1, 1924 the KLS held a celebration of the lunisolar anniversary of Hangul's announcement. This was the first modern ceremony in celebration of Hangul's creation.
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Hangul Day
Hangul Day, called Hangeul Day (Korean: 한글날) in South Korea, and Chosŏn'gŭl Day (Korean: 조선글날) in North Korea, is a holiday celebrating the creation or promulgation of the native Korean alphabet, also called Hangul. The holiday is observed on October 9 in South Korea and January 15 in North Korea.
The holiday was established in 1926 by the Korean Language Society. Its date was set to mark the Korean calendar anniversary of the 1446 publication of the Hunminjeongeum, the text used to introduce Hangul. However, October 9 is only a guess at when Hangul was first published; the actual date is not known with confidence. The celebration date has changed over time.
In 1949, South Korea officially made it a public holiday. It maintained this status until 1990, when it was demoted to a commemoration without time off work. It was made a national holiday in 2005 and was again elevated to a public holiday in 2012.
North Korea celebrates the day on January 15, apparently in honor of Hangul's 1443 announcement. In Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture in China, a "Day of the Korean Language" (Chinese: 朝鲜语言文字日; Korean: 조선어문자의 날) is celebrated on September 2.
An exact creation date for Hangul is difficult to determine based on known evidence. The earliest attestation to Hangul is a 30th day, 12th month of 1443 record in the Veritable Records of Sejong. The record documents the initial announcement of Hangul's creation to the court of Sejong the Great. By that time, the alphabet was likely in a mostly complete form. However, the entry only says the announcement was made some time during that month; scholar Gari Ledyard argues that Hangul was likely introduced some day before, and not exactly on, that date. In the Julian calendar, that month corresponds to between December 21, 1443 and January 19, 1444. In the Gregorian calendar, it corresponds to between December 30, 1443 and January 28, 1444.
The promulgation date for Hangul is also unclear. Hangul was officially published in the 9th month of 1446 via the text Hunminjeongeum and its companion commentary Hunminjeongeum Haerye. The Veritable Records of Sejong copy of the Hunminjeongeum is contained in a 29th day, 9th month of 1446 entry. However, that entry says that the Hunminjeongeum was published some time during that month. The Hunminjeongeum Haerye was lost to the historical record and only rediscovered in 1940, decades after Hangul Day's establishment. Its postface is dated to the first ten days (상한; 上澣) of the 9th month of 1446, although it is unclear which of those days it was published on.
In 1908, the earliest predecessor to the Korean Language Society (KLS; then called 국어연구학회; Kugŏ yŏn'gu hakhoe, although it changed names several times thereafter) was founded. Its goal was to research, reform, and promote the Korean language and Korean alphabet (which by then went by various names). In 1910, Korea was colonized by Japan. The KLS continued to operate during the colonial period.
On February 1, 1924 the KLS held a celebration of the lunisolar anniversary of Hangul's announcement. This was the first modern ceremony in celebration of Hangul's creation.
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