Maria Montessori died of a cerebral hemorrhage at the age of 81 in Noordwijk aan Zee, the Netherlands. Her work had a lasting impact on education worldwide.

Montessori delivered a speech at UNESCO, commemorating the third anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, highlighting the lack of any 'Declaration of the Rights of the Child'.

Montessori was present at the first preliminary meeting of the UNESCO Governing Board in Wiesbaden, Germany and delivered a speech. In this speech she advocates for the rights of the child.

The second Casa dei Bambini (Children's House) opened. The children in her programs continued to exhibit concentration, attention, and spontaneous self-discipline, and the classrooms began to attract the attention of prominent educators, journalists, and public figures.

The first Casa dei Bambini (Children's House) opened in the San Lorenzo district of Rome, enrolling 50 or 60 children between the ages of two or three and six or seven. This marked the beginning of Montessori's work applying her methods to children without mental disabilities.

Montessori's only child, a son named Mario Montessori, was born. His father was Giuseppe Montesano, a fellow doctor and co-director of the Orthophrenic School of Rome. The circumstances of his birth were kept secret due to societal expectations.

Maria Tecla Artemisia Montessori was born in Chiaravalle, Italy. Her father, Alessandro Montessori, was an official of the Ministry of Finance, and her mother, Renilde Stoppani, was well-educated.