The Maxakalían languages (also Mashakalían) are a group of related indigenous languages of Brazil, named after Maxakalí, the one surviving language in the group. Linguists differ in the other, extinct, languages they identify as part of the group, many of which are poorly attested. The Maxakalían group is today usually considered part of the Macro-Jê language family.

Maxakalían languages were first classified into the Jê languages. It was only in 1931 that Čestmír Loukotka separated them from the Jê family. Alfred Métraux and Curt Nimuendajú considered the Maxakalían family isolated from others. John Alden Mason suggests a connection with the Macro-Jê stock, confirmed by Aryon Rodrigues.

Apart from extinct varieties generally seen as dialects of Maxakalí, Mason noted resemblances with a few other extinct languages of the area: Pataxó, Malalí and Coropó. However, Coropó was formerly sometimes thought to be a Purian language. Campbell (1997) therefore lists the Maxakalian languages as:

Glottolog (2016) restores Coropó (Koropó) as a Maxakalían language.

Nikulin (2020) proposes the following internal classification of the Maxakalían languages:

Maxakalí is a sister of Krenák and possibly also Kamakã. Together, they form a Trans-São Francisco branch within the Macro-Jê language phylum in Nikulin's (2020) classification.

Internal classification of the Maxakali languages according to Ramirez, et al. (2015):

Currently, Maxakali (excluding Old Machacari) is the only living language, while all other languages are extinct.