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Mikhail Gutseriev
Mikail (Mikhail) Safarbekovich Gutseriev (born 9 March 1958) is a Russian billionaire businessperson of Ingush descent. Gutseriev earned his fortune after the collapse of the Soviet Union.
He is the former owner of Russneft, one of Russia's largest oil companies. Since 2002, he has been the permanent participant of the Forbes annual ranking of 200 richest Russians, where, as of 2023, he has taken 34th place with $3.5 billion. He fled Russia in 2007 after being charged with tax evasion. In 2010, he came back to Russia after the charges were withdrawn.
Gutseriev was born on 9 March 1958 in a large Ingush family in Akmolinsk. His family was repressed and exiled to Kazakhstan. His father, Safarbek Gutseriev, worked as a senior investigator for especially important cases in the Akmolinsk regional directorate of the NKVD; he was arrested in 1948 and released six months after Joseph Stalin's death. His mother was Marem Yakubovna Akhilgova. Among his brothers are Khamzat Gutseriev, a former law-enforcement official and member of the Federation Council, and businessman Sait-Salam Gutseriev.
He finished high school No. 23 in Grozny, Checheno-Ingush ASSR. The school, completely destroyed during the First Chechen War, was rebuilt in 2005 with Gutseriev's financial support.
From 1982, Gutseriev worked as a process engineer, later on – as a senior process engineer of Grozny Production Association at the RSFSR Ministry of Local Industry, Grozny. He became CEO of the Association. In 1991, Gutseriev was elected Chairman of Businessmen Association of Checheno-Ingush ASSR.[citation needed]
In 1992, when Dzhokhar Dudayev took power, Gutseriev had to leave his business and moved to Moscow, where he founded industrial and financial company "BIN" (Bank of Investments and Innovations), uniting industrial, trading and financial enterprises. In 1993 he founded and headed the Joint Stock Commercial Bank BIN.[citation needed]
1994 marked Gutseriev's development of the free economic zone for residents, the first one in the post Soviet countries, called the Zone of economic well-being Ingushetia (ZEWI). On 19 June 1994 the Government of the Russian Federation issued Resolution No. 740 on establishing ZEWI and appointed Gutseriev as the Head of its Financial sector.[citation needed]
ZEWI received the legal right to return taxes paid to the federal budget back to the budget of the republic. According to the Federal Tax Service of Ingushetia, for the period from 1994 to 1997 that sum amounted to 1 billion 388 million denominated rubles. The financial corporation "BIN", being the official agent of the government of Ingushetia, was engaged in the registration of enterprises in the zone of economic favor. All financial flows of the Ingushetia free economic zone were accumulated on the accounts of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Ingushetia and were controlled by the federal and republican tax authorities. ZEWI existed until 3 July 1997.[citation needed]
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Mikhail Gutseriev
Mikail (Mikhail) Safarbekovich Gutseriev (born 9 March 1958) is a Russian billionaire businessperson of Ingush descent. Gutseriev earned his fortune after the collapse of the Soviet Union.
He is the former owner of Russneft, one of Russia's largest oil companies. Since 2002, he has been the permanent participant of the Forbes annual ranking of 200 richest Russians, where, as of 2023, he has taken 34th place with $3.5 billion. He fled Russia in 2007 after being charged with tax evasion. In 2010, he came back to Russia after the charges were withdrawn.
Gutseriev was born on 9 March 1958 in a large Ingush family in Akmolinsk. His family was repressed and exiled to Kazakhstan. His father, Safarbek Gutseriev, worked as a senior investigator for especially important cases in the Akmolinsk regional directorate of the NKVD; he was arrested in 1948 and released six months after Joseph Stalin's death. His mother was Marem Yakubovna Akhilgova. Among his brothers are Khamzat Gutseriev, a former law-enforcement official and member of the Federation Council, and businessman Sait-Salam Gutseriev.
He finished high school No. 23 in Grozny, Checheno-Ingush ASSR. The school, completely destroyed during the First Chechen War, was rebuilt in 2005 with Gutseriev's financial support.
From 1982, Gutseriev worked as a process engineer, later on – as a senior process engineer of Grozny Production Association at the RSFSR Ministry of Local Industry, Grozny. He became CEO of the Association. In 1991, Gutseriev was elected Chairman of Businessmen Association of Checheno-Ingush ASSR.[citation needed]
In 1992, when Dzhokhar Dudayev took power, Gutseriev had to leave his business and moved to Moscow, where he founded industrial and financial company "BIN" (Bank of Investments and Innovations), uniting industrial, trading and financial enterprises. In 1993 he founded and headed the Joint Stock Commercial Bank BIN.[citation needed]
1994 marked Gutseriev's development of the free economic zone for residents, the first one in the post Soviet countries, called the Zone of economic well-being Ingushetia (ZEWI). On 19 June 1994 the Government of the Russian Federation issued Resolution No. 740 on establishing ZEWI and appointed Gutseriev as the Head of its Financial sector.[citation needed]
ZEWI received the legal right to return taxes paid to the federal budget back to the budget of the republic. According to the Federal Tax Service of Ingushetia, for the period from 1994 to 1997 that sum amounted to 1 billion 388 million denominated rubles. The financial corporation "BIN", being the official agent of the government of Ingushetia, was engaged in the registration of enterprises in the zone of economic favor. All financial flows of the Ingushetia free economic zone were accumulated on the accounts of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Ingushetia and were controlled by the federal and republican tax authorities. ZEWI existed until 3 July 1997.[citation needed]