NASA Orbital Debris Observatory

	NASA Orbital Debris Observatory
Organization	NASA ;
Location	Cloudcroft, Otero County, New Mexico
Coordinates	32°58′46″N 105°44′01″W / 32.9795°N 105.7336°W
Altitude	2,751 m (9,026 ft)
Established	1995
Closed	2002
Telescopes
NASA LMT
NASA LMT	3.0 m liquid mirror
CCD Debris Telescope	0.32 m reflector
NASA LMT	3.0 m liquid mirror
CCD Debris Telescope	0.32 m reflector
	Location of NASA Orbital Debris Observatory
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NASA Orbital Debris Observatory (NODO) was an astronomical observatory located in the Lincoln National Forest near Cloudcroft, New Mexico approximately 23 kilometers (14 mi) northeast of Alamogordo. From 1995 to 2002 it hosted two telescopes funded and operated by NASA that were dedicated to detecting orbital debris.^[1] The facility was initially called the Cloudcroft Electro-Optical Research Facility when it was completed in 1962, and was also known as the Cloudcroft Observatory. It is now privately owned by Embry-Riddle University.^[1]

Telescopes

The NASA-LMT was a 3 m (9.8 ft) aperture liquid-mirror telescope located in NODO's main dome. It consisted of a 3 m diameter parabolic dish that held 4 U.S. gallons (15 L) of a highly reflective liquid metal, mercury, spinning at a rate of 10 rpm, with sensors mounted above on a fixed structure. Due to the primary mirror's material, the NASA-LMT was configured as a zenith telescope. Using 20 narrowband filters, it cataloged space debris in Earth's orbit.^[2] The telescope was initially completed in 1994 at NASA's Johnson Space Center, and moved to Cloudcroft the following year, where it operated routinely until June 2002.^[3] The LMT was also used for the UBC-NASA Multi-Narrowband survey, which examined galaxies at moderate redshifts.^[4] When it was retired, some of the components were used in the 6 m (20 ft) Large Zenith Telescope in British Columbia.
The 32 cm (13 in) CCD Debris Telescope (CDT) was a portable Schmidt camera equipped with a 512×512 pixel charge-coupled device (CCD) sensor. It operated at NODO from October 1997 until December 2001, and was used to characterize debris at or near geosynchronous orbit.^[5] It had previously operated at Rattlesnake Mountain Observatory and the Air Force Maui Optical and Supercomputing observatory. The CDT was donated to Embry–Riddle University after deactivation.^[1]

^ ^a ^b ^c "Orbital Debris Optical Measurements". NASA Orbital Debris Program Office. Archived from the original on 2001-02-02. Retrieved 2012-01-07.
^ Cabanac, Remi A.; Borra, Ermanno F.; Beauchemin, Mario (10 December 1998). "A Search for Peculiar Objects with the NASA Orbital Debris Observatory 3 Meter Liquid Mirror Telescope". The Astrophysical Journal. 509 (1): 309–323. arXiv:astro-ph/9804267. Bibcode:1998ApJ...509..309C. doi:10.1086/306488. S2CID 119434586.
^ MULROONEY, M. (May 2007). "The NASA Liquid Mirror Telescope" (PDF). Orbital Debris Quarterly News. NASA Orbital Debris Program Office. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-02-15. Retrieved 2012-01-22.
^ Hickson, Paul; Mulrooney, Mark K. (1 March 1998). "University of British Columbia–NASA Multi-Narrowband Survey. I. Description and Photometric Properties of the Survey". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 115 (1): 35–42. Bibcode:1998ApJS..115...35H. doi:10.1086/313080.
^ Jarvis, K. S.; Africano, J. L.; Sydney, P. F.; Stansbery, E. G.; Thumm, T. L.; Jorgensen, K.; Mulrooney, M. (2001). "Observations of the geosynchronous Earth orbital debris environment using NASA's CCD Debris Telescope". In: Proceedings of the Third European Conference on Space Debris. 473: 95. Bibcode:2001ESASP.473...95J.