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North End, Halifax
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North End, Halifax
The North End of Halifax is a neighbourhood of Halifax, Nova Scotia occupying the northern part of Halifax Peninsula immediately north of Downtown Halifax.
Prior to European colonization, the Mi'kmaq inhabited the land throughout Atlantic Canada and Northern Maine.
The North End of Halifax began as an agricultural expansion north from central Halifax as African American and German Foreign Protestant settlers arrived in the province.
It became the focus of industry in Halifax with the construction of the Nova Scotia Railway in the 1850s which located its terminal in the North End. Factories such as the Nova Scotia Cotton Manufacturing Company, Hillis & Sons Foundry, and the Acadia Sugar Refinery, made the North End the focus of manufacturing in Halifax. Railway growth intensified with the extension of railways further into the North End and construction of the North Street Station in 1878, the largest station east of Montreal. Wharves warehouses lined the waterfront, along with the city's prison at Rockhead and major defence installations such as HMC Dockyard and Stadacona (formerly HMCS Stadacona and Wellington Barracks, now part of CFB Halifax).
On 6 December 1917, the Halifax Explosion damaged and destroyed much of the North End. The explosion's aftermath saw the area north of North Street razed, and a new street grid was superimposed over the old street patterns. New residential construction saw the creation of the Hydrostone neighbourhood, built during the relief construction following the disaster. Today the memorial bells at Fort Needham, which were recovered from a church that didn't survive the event, may be heard in the carillon and monument to the disaster. The Memorial was designed by Nova Scotia architect Keith L. Graham. The Halifax Shipyard was built in 1918 beside the Naval Dockyard, further entrenching the industrial character of the North End.
The area once included historic Africville. A former African-Canadian community settled by African slaves coming to Canada, it was located on the shores of the Bedford Basin within the North End. A consequence of the Halifax Explosion, the community was damaged on 6 December 1917. In January 1964, the City Council of Halifax voted to relocate the residents of the community. The municipal government justified the destruction of Africville by citing the poor living conditions of the community, despite having historically refused to extend those services to the community. The community was torn down in the 1960s preceding a proposed urban redevelopment of the region which would see new highways and the construction of the A. Murray MacKay Bridge, although the lands of the community were never used in a proposed port expansion. In the ensuing controversy it was designated as parkland. The Africville expropriation is often characterized as an example of institutional racism in Halifax. Descendants and residents of Africville were dispersed among some of the North End's public housing projects, as well as into other communities throughout the urban area, and beyond. Seaview Park on the Bedford Basin is the site of Africville
The North End has traditionally been home to a number of important African Nova Scotian institutions. Provincial institutions like the African United Baptist Association and the Nova Scotia Association for the Advancement of Colored People were formed in the North End at New Horizons Baptist Church. Throughout the 20th century, Gottingen Street was the epicenter for black business and enterprise in Nova Scotia, including being home to a beauty shop and school owned by Viola Desmond. The North End housed one of the first Afrocentric schools in Canada, St. Patrick's-Alexandra School (closed in 2011). A neighbourhood with strong African Nova Scotian roots, the area has undergone gentrification in recent years. As a result, the proportion of Black residents in the neighbourhood has fallen from 30% in 2006 to 15% in 2016.
In 1966, the Halifax North Memorial Public Library was opened in memory of the victims of the explosion. Located on at 2285 Gottingen Street.
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North End, Halifax
The North End of Halifax is a neighbourhood of Halifax, Nova Scotia occupying the northern part of Halifax Peninsula immediately north of Downtown Halifax.
Prior to European colonization, the Mi'kmaq inhabited the land throughout Atlantic Canada and Northern Maine.
The North End of Halifax began as an agricultural expansion north from central Halifax as African American and German Foreign Protestant settlers arrived in the province.
It became the focus of industry in Halifax with the construction of the Nova Scotia Railway in the 1850s which located its terminal in the North End. Factories such as the Nova Scotia Cotton Manufacturing Company, Hillis & Sons Foundry, and the Acadia Sugar Refinery, made the North End the focus of manufacturing in Halifax. Railway growth intensified with the extension of railways further into the North End and construction of the North Street Station in 1878, the largest station east of Montreal. Wharves warehouses lined the waterfront, along with the city's prison at Rockhead and major defence installations such as HMC Dockyard and Stadacona (formerly HMCS Stadacona and Wellington Barracks, now part of CFB Halifax).
On 6 December 1917, the Halifax Explosion damaged and destroyed much of the North End. The explosion's aftermath saw the area north of North Street razed, and a new street grid was superimposed over the old street patterns. New residential construction saw the creation of the Hydrostone neighbourhood, built during the relief construction following the disaster. Today the memorial bells at Fort Needham, which were recovered from a church that didn't survive the event, may be heard in the carillon and monument to the disaster. The Memorial was designed by Nova Scotia architect Keith L. Graham. The Halifax Shipyard was built in 1918 beside the Naval Dockyard, further entrenching the industrial character of the North End.
The area once included historic Africville. A former African-Canadian community settled by African slaves coming to Canada, it was located on the shores of the Bedford Basin within the North End. A consequence of the Halifax Explosion, the community was damaged on 6 December 1917. In January 1964, the City Council of Halifax voted to relocate the residents of the community. The municipal government justified the destruction of Africville by citing the poor living conditions of the community, despite having historically refused to extend those services to the community. The community was torn down in the 1960s preceding a proposed urban redevelopment of the region which would see new highways and the construction of the A. Murray MacKay Bridge, although the lands of the community were never used in a proposed port expansion. In the ensuing controversy it was designated as parkland. The Africville expropriation is often characterized as an example of institutional racism in Halifax. Descendants and residents of Africville were dispersed among some of the North End's public housing projects, as well as into other communities throughout the urban area, and beyond. Seaview Park on the Bedford Basin is the site of Africville
The North End has traditionally been home to a number of important African Nova Scotian institutions. Provincial institutions like the African United Baptist Association and the Nova Scotia Association for the Advancement of Colored People were formed in the North End at New Horizons Baptist Church. Throughout the 20th century, Gottingen Street was the epicenter for black business and enterprise in Nova Scotia, including being home to a beauty shop and school owned by Viola Desmond. The North End housed one of the first Afrocentric schools in Canada, St. Patrick's-Alexandra School (closed in 2011). A neighbourhood with strong African Nova Scotian roots, the area has undergone gentrification in recent years. As a result, the proportion of Black residents in the neighbourhood has fallen from 30% in 2006 to 15% in 2016.
In 1966, the Halifax North Memorial Public Library was opened in memory of the victims of the explosion. Located on at 2285 Gottingen Street.
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