Oregon is a village in Dane County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 11,179 at the 2020 census. A suburb south of Madison, it is part of the Madison metropolitan area. The village is located mostly within the Town of Oregon.

The history of Oregon, Wisconsin begins at a crossroad still present today, just south of the village at Rome Corners.

Rome Corners was settled in the fall of 1841 by John Bartlett "Bartley" Runey at the intersection of the Mineral Point-Milwaukee "Old Lead Road" and the Madison-Janesville mail route.

In 1843 Bartley completed his log cabin house and was joined by his wife Margaret and 10+ children.

Bartley opened his house, a log cabin, to the community and transformed it into Runey's Tavern and Inn, which was the site of the first marriage in Oregon, between David Anthony and Jane Runey (Barley's daughter), the first church services by Methodist missionary Rev. Hawks, the first lawsuit, and was a common gathering place as the settlement grew.

In 1847, Oregon was born through a proposal by Rosell Babbit to form a separate township.

Many of Oregon's historical buildings still stand in the downtown district, including the Netherwood Block on the south, the Badger Cycle Company building and original water tower on the southeast on Janesville Street, and numerous business lining the west side of North and South Main Street. The Red Brick School, one of the more distinguishable structures in the village, built in 1922 as the high school, stands north of downtown. It was recently restored and now serves as the business offices for the Gorman Company.

The main railroad line from Chicago to Minneapolis, the Chicago and North Western Railroad came through the village in 1864.