PSME1

PSME1
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1AVO
Identifiers
Aliases	PSME1, IFI5111, PA28A, PA28alpha, REGalpha, HEL-S-129m, proteasome activator subunit 1
External IDs	OMIM: 600654; MGI: 1096367; HomoloGene: 4560; GeneCards: PSME1; OMA:PSME1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 14 (human)
End	24,138,967 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 14 (mouse)
End	55,818,986 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	granulocyte; ; monocyte; ; lymph node; ; spleen; ; right adrenal gland; ; duodenum; ; right adrenal cortex; ; appendix; ; left adrenal gland; ; rectum;
	Top expressed in
	spleen; ; mesenteric lymph nodes; ; duodenum; ; right ventricle; ; thymus; ; right lung lobe; ; jejunum; ; blood; ; left lung; ; subcutaneous adipose tissue;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	endopeptidase activator activity; protein binding;
Cellular component	proteasome complex; cytoplasm; nucleoplasm; proteasome activator complex; cytosol; extracellular exosome;
Biological process	tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway; protein polyubiquitination; T cell receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway; anaphase-promoting complex-dependent catabolic process; regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process; regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle; regulation of mRNA stability; antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I, TAP-dependent; antigen processing and presentation of exogenous antigen; regulation of cellular amino acid metabolic process; NIK/NF-kappaB signaling; Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway; MAPK cascade; stimulatory C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway; positive regulation of endopeptidase activity; proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway; negative regulation of G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle; protein deubiquitination; SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process; transmembrane transport; regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to hypoxia; post-translational protein modification; regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation; interleukin-1-mediated signaling pathway; regulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transition;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	5720
	19186
	ENSG00000092010; ENSG00000284916
	ENSMUSG00000022216
	Q06323
	P97371
	NM_176783; NM_001281528; NM_001281529; NM_006263
	NM_011189
	NP_001268457; NP_001268458; NP_006254; NP_788955
	NP_035319
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Proteasome activator complex subunit 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PSME1 gene.^[5]^[6]

Function

The 26S proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex with a highly ordered structure composed of 2 complexes, a 20S core and a 19S regulator. The 20S core is composed of 4 rings of 28 non-identical subunits; 2 rings are composed of 7 alpha subunits and 2 rings are composed of 7 beta subunits. The 19S regulator is composed of a base, which contains 6 ATPase subunits and 2 non-ATPase subunits, and a lid, which contains up to 10 non-ATPase subunits. Proteasomes are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at a high concentration and cleave peptides in an ATP/ubiquitin-dependent process in a non-lysosomal pathway. An essential function of a modified proteasome, the immunoproteasome, is the processing of class I MHC peptides. The immunoproteasome contains an alternate regulator, referred to as the 11S regulator or PA28, that replaces the 19S regulator. Three subunits (alpha, beta and gamma) of the 11S regulator have been identified. This gene encodes the alpha subunit of the 11S regulator, one of the two 11S subunits that is induced by gamma-interferon. Three alpha and three beta subunits combine to form a heterohexameric ring. Two transcripts encoding different isoforms have been identified.^[6]

Interactions

PSME1 has been shown to interact with:

Emerin^[7] and
PSME2.^[8]^[9]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ENSG00000284916 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000092010, ENSG00000284916 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000022216 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Honoré B, Leffers H, Madsen P, Celis JE (Feb 1994). "Interferon-gamma up-regulates a unique set of proteins in human keratinocytes. Molecular cloning and expression of the cDNA encoding the RGD-sequence-containing protein IGUP I-5111". Eur J Biochem. 218 (2): 421–30. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb18392.x. PMID 8269930.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: PSME1 proteasome (prosome, macropain) activator subunit 1 (PA28 alpha)".
^ Wilkinson FL, Holaska JM, Zhang Z, Sharma A, Manilal S, Holt I, Stamm S, Wilson KL, Morris GE (Jun 2003). "Emerin interacts in vitro with the splicing-associated factor, YT521-B". Eur. J. Biochem. 270 (11): 2459–66. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1033.2003.03617.x. PMID 12755701.
^ Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M (Oct 2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. Bibcode:2005Natur.437.1173R. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. S2CID 4427026.
^ Ahn K, Erlander M, Leturcq D, Peterson PA, Früh K, Yang Y (Jul 1996). "In vivo characterization of the proteasome regulator PA28". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (30): 18237–42. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.30.18237. PMID 8663520.

Coux O, Tanaka K, Goldberg AL (1996). "Structure and functions of the 20S and 26S proteasomes". Annu. Rev. Biochem. 65: 801–47. doi:10.1146/annurev.bi.65.070196.004101. PMID 8811196.
Sijts A, Sun Y, Janek K, Kral S, Paschen A, Schadendorf D, Kloetzel PM (2002). "The role of the proteasome activator PA28 in MHC class I antigen processing". Mol. Immunol. 39 (3–4): 165–9. doi:10.1016/S0161-5890(02)00099-8. PMID 12200048.
Goff SP (2003). "Death by deamination: a novel host restriction system for HIV-1". Cell. 114 (3): 281–3. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00602-0. PMID 12914693.
Rasmussen HH, van Damme J, Puype M, Gesser B, Celis JE, Vandekerckhove J (1993). "Microsequences of 145 proteins recorded in the two-dimensional gel protein database of normal human epidermal keratinocytes". Electrophoresis. 13 (12): 960–9. doi:10.1002/elps.11501301199. PMID 1286667. S2CID 41855774.
Ahn JY, Tanahashi N, Akiyama K, Hisamatsu H, Noda C, Tanaka K, Chung CH, Shibmara N, Willy PJ, Mott JD (1995). "Primary structures of two homologous subunits of PA28, a gamma-interferon-inducible protein activator of the 20S proteasome". FEBS Lett. 366 (1): 37–42. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(95)00492-R. PMID 7789512.
Realini C, Dubiel W, Pratt G, Ferrell K, Rechsteiner M (1994). "Molecular cloning and expression of a gamma-interferon-inducible activator of the multicatalytic protease". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (32): 20727–32. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(17)32052-5. PMID 8051173.
Ahn K, Erlander M, Leturcq D, Peterson PA, Früh K, Yang Y (1996). "In vivo characterization of the proteasome regulator PA28". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (30): 18237–42. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.30.18237. PMID 8663520.
Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (1997). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Res. 6 (9): 791–806. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548.
Seeger M, Ferrell K, Frank R, Dubiel W (1997). "HIV-1 tat inhibits the 20 S proteasome and its 11 S regulator-mediated activation". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (13): 8145–8148. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.13.8145. PMID 9079628.
Soza A, Knuehl C, Groettrup M, Henklein P, Tanaka K, Kloetzel PM (1997). "Expression and subcellular localization of mouse 20S proteasome activator complex PA28". FEBS Lett. 413 (1): 27–34. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(97)00864-8. PMID 9287111.
McCusker D, Jones T, Sheer D, Trowsdale J (1998). "Genetic relationships of the genes encoding the human proteasome beta subunits and the proteasome PA28 complex". Genomics. 45 (2): 362–7. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.4948. PMID 9344661.
Johnston SC, Whitby FG, Realini C, Rechsteiner M, Hill CP (1998). "The proteasome 11S regulator subunit REG alpha (PA28 alpha) is a heptamer". Protein Sci. 6 (11): 2469–73. doi:10.1002/pro.5560061123. PMC 2143584. PMID 9385652.
Wang X, Omura S, Szweda LI, Yang Y, Bérard J, Seminaro J, Wu J (1998). "Rapamycin inhibits proteasome activator expression and proteasome activity". Eur. J. Immunol. 27 (11): 2781–6. doi:10.1002/eji.1830271106. PMID 9394799. S2CID 23525256.
Knowlton JR, Johnston SC, Whitby FG, Realini C, Zhang Z, Rechsteiner M, Hill CP (1998). "Structure of the proteasome activator REGalpha (PA28alpha)". Nature. 390 (6660): 639–43. Bibcode:1997Natur.390..639K. doi:10.1038/37670. PMID 9403698. S2CID 4309279.
Kohda K, Ishibashi T, Shimbara N, Tanaka K, Matsuda Y, Kasahara M (1998). "Characterization of the mouse PA28 activator complex gene family: complete organizations of the three member genes and a physical map of the approximately 150-kb region containing the alpha- and beta-subunit genes". J. Immunol. 160 (10): 4923–35. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.160.10.4923. PMID 9590240.
Madani N, Kabat D (1998). "An endogenous inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus in human lymphocytes is overcome by the viral Vif protein". J. Virol. 72 (12): 10251–5. doi:10.1128/JVI.72.12.10251-10255.1998. PMC 110608. PMID 9811770.
Simon JH, Gaddis NC, Fouchier RA, Malim MH (1998). "Evidence for a newly discovered cellular anti-HIV-1 phenotype". Nat. Med. 4 (12): 1397–400. doi:10.1038/3987. PMID 9846577. S2CID 25235070.
McCusker D, Wilson M, Trowsdale J (1999). "Organization of the genes encoding the human proteasome activators PA28alpha and beta". Immunogenetics. 49 (5): 438–45. doi:10.1007/s002510050517. PMID 10199920. S2CID 40575791.

This article on a gene on human chromosome 14 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] ENSG00000284916 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000092010, ENSG00000284916 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000022216 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid8269930-5] Honoré B, Leffers H, Madsen P, Celis JE (Feb 1994). "Interferon-gamma up-regulates a unique set of proteins in human keratinocytes. Molecular cloning and expression of the cDNA encoding the RGD-sequence-containing protein IGUP I-5111". Eur J Biochem. 218 (2): 421–30. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb18392.x. PMID 8269930.

[entrez-6] "Entrez Gene: PSME1 proteasome (prosome, macropain) activator subunit 1 (PA28 alpha)".

[pmid12755701-7] Wilkinson FL, Holaska JM, Zhang Z, Sharma A, Manilal S, Holt I, Stamm S, Wilson KL, Morris GE (Jun 2003). "Emerin interacts in vitro with the splicing-associated factor, YT521-B". Eur. J. Biochem. 270 (11): 2459–66. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1033.2003.03617.x. PMID 12755701.

[pmid16189514-8] Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M (Oct 2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. Bibcode:2005Natur.437.1173R. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. S2CID 4427026.

[pmid8663520-9] Ahn K, Erlander M, Leturcq D, Peterson PA, Früh K, Yang Y (Jul 1996). "In vivo characterization of the proteasome regulator PA28". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (30): 18237–42. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.30.18237. PMID 8663520.

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v t e Proteasome endopeptidase complex subunits (EC 3.4.25.1)
A (alpha subunits)	PSMA1 PSMA2 PSMA3 PSMA4 PSMA5 PSMA6 PSMA7 PSMA8
B (beta subunits)	PSMB1 PSMB2 PSMB3 PSMB4 PSMB5 PSMB6 PSMB7 PSMB8 PSMB9 PSMB10
C (ATPases)	PSMC1 PSMC2 PSMC3 PSMC4 PSMC5 PSMC6
D (non-ATPases)	PSMD1 PSMD2 PSMD3 PSMD4 PSMD5 PSMD6 PSMD7 PSMD8 PSMD9 PSMD10 PSMD11 PSMD12 PSMD13 PSMD14
E (activator subunits)	PSME1 PSME2 PSME3 PSME4
F (inhibitor subunit)	PSMF1

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