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People's National Party
The People's National Party (PNP; Jamaican Patois: Piipl's Nashinal Paati) is a social democratic political party in Jamaica, founded in 1938 by Norman Washington Manley who served as party president until his death in 1969. It holds 28 of the 63 seats in the House of Representatives, and 96 of the 227 local government divisions. The party is democratic socialist by constitution.
The party is a member of COPPPAL and a full member of Socialist International. From 1957–1962, the party was a member of the West Indies Federal Labour Party in the Federal Parliament of the West Indies Federation.
The PNP was founded in 1938 by Norman Washington Manley, and is the second-oldest political party in Jamaica (the People's Political Party was formed earlier, on 9 September 1929, by Marcus Garvey). It is now one of the country's main two political parties, and is considered more to the left than its main rival the Jamaica Labour Party (JLP). The party held a majority of seats in the parliament of the Colony of Jamaica from 1955–1962. Following independence in 1962, it held the majority of seats in the Jamaican Parliament from 1972–1980, from 1989–2007, and from 2011–2016.[citation needed]
The PNP was defeated at the first universal election held in Jamaica in 1944, winning only four of the 32 seats (one elected independent joined the party afterwards). The 1949 Jamaican general election was much closer. The PNP received more votes (203,048) than the JLP (199,538), but the JLP secured more seats; 17 to the PNP's 13. Two seats were won by independents. The voter turnout was 65.2%.[citation needed]
In 1954, the PNP expelled Richard Hart, a Marxist, and three other PNP members for their (alleged) Communist views. The other three members were: Ken Hill, Frank Hill, and Arthur Henry, and they were collectively referred to as "the four Hs". Under "the four Hs", the unions they were in charge of had the largest following of any union outside of the Bustamante Industrial Trade Union.[citation needed]
Hart and the other members of "the four Hs" were very active in the trade union movement in Jamaica. In the 1940s and 1950s. Hart worked as a member of the Executive Committee of the Trade Union Council from 1946–1948. He served as Assistant Secretary of the Caribbean Labour Congress from 1945–1946 and Assistant Secretary from 1947–1953.
The expulsion of the 'Four Hs' signalled a parting of ways between the PNP and the Trade Union Congress (TUC), which was aligned to the PNP. The National Workers Union (NWU) effectively filled the vacuum left by the TUC.
The PNP came to power in 1955, and held power until just before Jamaican independence in 1962. At the 1955 Jamaican general election, the PNP won for the first time, securing 18 out of 32 seats. The JLP ended up with 14 seats, and there were no independents. The voter turnout with 65.1%. As a result, Norman Manley became the new chief minister.
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People's National Party
The People's National Party (PNP; Jamaican Patois: Piipl's Nashinal Paati) is a social democratic political party in Jamaica, founded in 1938 by Norman Washington Manley who served as party president until his death in 1969. It holds 28 of the 63 seats in the House of Representatives, and 96 of the 227 local government divisions. The party is democratic socialist by constitution.
The party is a member of COPPPAL and a full member of Socialist International. From 1957–1962, the party was a member of the West Indies Federal Labour Party in the Federal Parliament of the West Indies Federation.
The PNP was founded in 1938 by Norman Washington Manley, and is the second-oldest political party in Jamaica (the People's Political Party was formed earlier, on 9 September 1929, by Marcus Garvey). It is now one of the country's main two political parties, and is considered more to the left than its main rival the Jamaica Labour Party (JLP). The party held a majority of seats in the parliament of the Colony of Jamaica from 1955–1962. Following independence in 1962, it held the majority of seats in the Jamaican Parliament from 1972–1980, from 1989–2007, and from 2011–2016.[citation needed]
The PNP was defeated at the first universal election held in Jamaica in 1944, winning only four of the 32 seats (one elected independent joined the party afterwards). The 1949 Jamaican general election was much closer. The PNP received more votes (203,048) than the JLP (199,538), but the JLP secured more seats; 17 to the PNP's 13. Two seats were won by independents. The voter turnout was 65.2%.[citation needed]
In 1954, the PNP expelled Richard Hart, a Marxist, and three other PNP members for their (alleged) Communist views. The other three members were: Ken Hill, Frank Hill, and Arthur Henry, and they were collectively referred to as "the four Hs". Under "the four Hs", the unions they were in charge of had the largest following of any union outside of the Bustamante Industrial Trade Union.[citation needed]
Hart and the other members of "the four Hs" were very active in the trade union movement in Jamaica. In the 1940s and 1950s. Hart worked as a member of the Executive Committee of the Trade Union Council from 1946–1948. He served as Assistant Secretary of the Caribbean Labour Congress from 1945–1946 and Assistant Secretary from 1947–1953.
The expulsion of the 'Four Hs' signalled a parting of ways between the PNP and the Trade Union Congress (TUC), which was aligned to the PNP. The National Workers Union (NWU) effectively filled the vacuum left by the TUC.
The PNP came to power in 1955, and held power until just before Jamaican independence in 1962. At the 1955 Jamaican general election, the PNP won for the first time, securing 18 out of 32 seats. The JLP ended up with 14 seats, and there were no independents. The voter turnout with 65.1%. As a result, Norman Manley became the new chief minister.
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