The Romania Billie Jean King Cup team represents Romania in Billie Jean King Cup tennis competition. It is governed by the Federația Română de Tenis and currently competes in the World Group I, the highest level of the competition.

Romania's best result is a semi-final appearance in 1973. Romania is also a five-time Fed Cup quarterfinalist, having reached the last eight in 1974, 1978, 1980, 1981 and 2016.

It spent a total of twelve years in the competition's World Group, from which it was relegated in 1992. Romania spent the next seven years in the Europe/Africa Zonal level. The team reached the World Group II play-offs in 1999 but failed to secure a promotion to that level.

Romania competed exclusively at the Europe/Africa Zonal level from 2000 through 2013. With four players among the WTA's top 100 at the end of 2013 and 2014, the team achieved back-to-back promotions between 2014 and 2015.

As a result, Romania competed at the World Group level in 2016, for the first time since 1992, and were relegated to the World Group II for 2017. In 2018, Romania booked its return to the World Group thanks to a 3-1 play-off victory over Switzerland.

Only World Group, World Group Play-off, World Group II, and World Group II Play-off ties are included.