Dominican University (DU) is a private Catholic university in River Forest, Illinois, United States. Affiliated with the Sinsinawa Dominican Sisters, it offers bachelor's and master's degrees, certificate programs, and PhDs in information studies and Applied Social Justice. Dominican University has more than 50 majors in the Rosary College of Arts and Sciences and 20 programs in five graduate academic divisions. From 1922 to 1997, the institution was named Rosary College.

The institution began as St. Clara Female Academy in 1848, chartered by Dominican priest Samuel Charles Mazzuchelli in Sinsinawa, Wisconsin. It became a college in 1901 and moved to River Forest, Illinois, taking the name Rosary College in 1922 while under the leadership of Sister Samuel Coughlin, a nun of the Sinsinawa Dominican Sisters. Trinity High School was founded as the preparatory department of the college before moving to its own campus nearby in 1926 and is still run by the order. The present name of Dominican University was adopted in 1997 as part of a strategic plan by president Donna Carroll to reflect the school's Dominican heritage and its status as a more comprehensive university.

The institution became coeducational in 1970.

Dominican University shares a tie to Rodgers and Hammerstein's The Sound of Music. Sister Gregory Duffy famously advised the playwrights to form the Catholic nun background of the lead character, Maria.

The university is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission to grant baccalaureate and master's degrees. Specific programs and units are accredit by other accreditors, including the American Library Association, Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business, Commission on Accreditation of the Council on Social Work Education, National Council for Teacher Education, Accreditation Review Commission for the Physician Assistant, Inc, Accreditation Council for Education in Nutrition and Dietetics, and Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education.

Dominican University offers more than 40 undergraduate majors, and several pre-professional programs. The student to faculty ratio is 11:1 at this university. Dominican's graduate school is divided into five academic divisions: the School of Information Studies (SOIS), the Brennan School of Business, the School of Education, the Graduate School of Social Work, and the School of Professional Continuing Studies.

Dominican University's School of Information Studies offers the Master of Library and Information Science and Master of Professional Studies in Library and Information Science. The university also offers the Doctor of Philosophy in Library and Information Science. The SOIS publishes a semiannual, peer-reviewed online journal called World Libraries, a publication dedicated to "librarians and libraries in regions without associations or agencies to encourage scholarly communication and professional development". The publication of World Libraries is coordinated by students studying internet publishing. The school also administers the Butler Children's Literature Center for the study of children's and young-adult literature.

In the fall of 2014, the university introduced a new Bachelor of Science in nursing degree program. A new clinical simulation laboratory was designed and built specifically for the program.