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SIG SG 510
The Sturmgewehr 57 (Stgw. 57 ) is a selective fire battle rifle designed by Schweizerische Industrie Gesellschaft (now SAN Swiss Arms) of Switzerland. The Stgw. 57 assault rifle uses a roller-delayed blowback system similar to the blowback system of the Heckler & Koch G3 (H&K G3) and CETME rifles. As an assault rifle, the model AM 55 entered service in the Swiss Army in three designations F. ass. 57 7.5mm (Fr: Fusil d’Assaut; Ital: Fucile d’Assalto 1957) and 7.5mm Stgw. 57 (Ger: Sturmgewehr 1957). Technologically, the Stgw. 57 was the mechanical and design basis for the export-variations of the SG 510 family of small arms. After thirty-three years, from 1957 to 1990, the Swiss Army replaced the Stgw. 57 with the SIG SG 550, a lighter-weight assault rifle.
The Stgw. 57 assault rifle was developed during the late 1950s, with the in-house model name of AM 55, at SIG Combibloc Group (SIG). During development, Rudolf Amsler was the principal designer at Schweizerische Industrie Gesellschaft. Mechanically, the Stgw. 57 is a selective fire rifle that employs a roller-delayed blowback operating system. In military service, the Swiss Army issued the Stgw. 57 as the personal weapon of every soldier. In the course of service, the Stgw. 57 replaced the following four weapons: (i) the K31 rifle, (ii) the Suomi M-31/Mp. 43/Mp. 44 submachine gun, (iii) the Lmg 25 light machinegun, and (iv) in the 1974–1977 period, replaced the Zf. Kar. 55 sniper's rifle.
The weapon is mainly made of pressed sheet-metal components to ease mass production and incorporates the "straight-line" recoil configuration. This layout, placed both the center of gravity and the position of the shoulder stock nearly in line with the longitudinal axis of the bore, a feature increasing controllability during burst or automatic fire. The Stgw. 57 has a distinctive T-shaped bolt handle similar to the earlier K31 rifle.
As with all roller-delayed designs, the roller recesses and rollers in the receiver will eventually wear down, decreasing the bolt head to bolt carrier gap. Many roller-delayed blowback weapons accept this as the functional service life of the rifle, but the Stgw. 57 has interchangeable locking recesses, so they can be replaced when worn.
The solid neoprene rubber, fixed butt-stock was designed with durability in mind and dynamically deforms to cope with the recoil produced by heavy rifle grenades. The Stgw. 57 sports a large carrying handle at its balance point that can be used during quick position changes or on the march. The ribbed handguard of the Stgw. 57 is also molded out of solid neoprene rubber.
The Stgw. 57's barrel is relatively thick and rifled along 520 mm (20.5 in) of its 609 mm (24.0 in) length and has a 270 mm (1 in 10.6 in) 4 groove rifling. At the end of the barrel an integral 26 mm (1.0 in) long muzzle brake/flash hider is fitted that reduces recoil by about 25%. A rifle grenade-launching interface is also integrally machined into the body of the barrel.
The barrel is surrounded by a perforated tubular aluminium barrel jacket with two spring detents for a sliding, underfolding integrated bipod—one near the muzzle to reduce shot dispersion during automatic fire, and another nearer the receiver and balance point offering more flexibility in the rifle role. The Stgw. 57 bipod legs are marked for use as an inclinometer for aiming rifle grenades at various ranges with and without an additional booster-charged rifle grenade. For such indirect rifle grenade fire, the Stgw. 57 was set on the ground and a weighted string attached on the sling loop was used as a plumb-line to set the correct firing angle reference mark on the appropriate bipod leg (left for boosted, right for unboosted). Swiss army knives were used as a makeshift plumb bob at the end of a string.
The trigger mechanism has a three-position fire selector switch that is also the manual safety toggle that secures the weapon from accidentally discharging. The user selects the operating mode with a large side lever on the left side of the trigger pack that can be rotated to select S (safe), E (semi-automatic fire) or M (full-automatic fire).
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SIG SG 510
The Sturmgewehr 57 (Stgw. 57 ) is a selective fire battle rifle designed by Schweizerische Industrie Gesellschaft (now SAN Swiss Arms) of Switzerland. The Stgw. 57 assault rifle uses a roller-delayed blowback system similar to the blowback system of the Heckler & Koch G3 (H&K G3) and CETME rifles. As an assault rifle, the model AM 55 entered service in the Swiss Army in three designations F. ass. 57 7.5mm (Fr: Fusil d’Assaut; Ital: Fucile d’Assalto 1957) and 7.5mm Stgw. 57 (Ger: Sturmgewehr 1957). Technologically, the Stgw. 57 was the mechanical and design basis for the export-variations of the SG 510 family of small arms. After thirty-three years, from 1957 to 1990, the Swiss Army replaced the Stgw. 57 with the SIG SG 550, a lighter-weight assault rifle.
The Stgw. 57 assault rifle was developed during the late 1950s, with the in-house model name of AM 55, at SIG Combibloc Group (SIG). During development, Rudolf Amsler was the principal designer at Schweizerische Industrie Gesellschaft. Mechanically, the Stgw. 57 is a selective fire rifle that employs a roller-delayed blowback operating system. In military service, the Swiss Army issued the Stgw. 57 as the personal weapon of every soldier. In the course of service, the Stgw. 57 replaced the following four weapons: (i) the K31 rifle, (ii) the Suomi M-31/Mp. 43/Mp. 44 submachine gun, (iii) the Lmg 25 light machinegun, and (iv) in the 1974–1977 period, replaced the Zf. Kar. 55 sniper's rifle.
The weapon is mainly made of pressed sheet-metal components to ease mass production and incorporates the "straight-line" recoil configuration. This layout, placed both the center of gravity and the position of the shoulder stock nearly in line with the longitudinal axis of the bore, a feature increasing controllability during burst or automatic fire. The Stgw. 57 has a distinctive T-shaped bolt handle similar to the earlier K31 rifle.
As with all roller-delayed designs, the roller recesses and rollers in the receiver will eventually wear down, decreasing the bolt head to bolt carrier gap. Many roller-delayed blowback weapons accept this as the functional service life of the rifle, but the Stgw. 57 has interchangeable locking recesses, so they can be replaced when worn.
The solid neoprene rubber, fixed butt-stock was designed with durability in mind and dynamically deforms to cope with the recoil produced by heavy rifle grenades. The Stgw. 57 sports a large carrying handle at its balance point that can be used during quick position changes or on the march. The ribbed handguard of the Stgw. 57 is also molded out of solid neoprene rubber.
The Stgw. 57's barrel is relatively thick and rifled along 520 mm (20.5 in) of its 609 mm (24.0 in) length and has a 270 mm (1 in 10.6 in) 4 groove rifling. At the end of the barrel an integral 26 mm (1.0 in) long muzzle brake/flash hider is fitted that reduces recoil by about 25%. A rifle grenade-launching interface is also integrally machined into the body of the barrel.
The barrel is surrounded by a perforated tubular aluminium barrel jacket with two spring detents for a sliding, underfolding integrated bipod—one near the muzzle to reduce shot dispersion during automatic fire, and another nearer the receiver and balance point offering more flexibility in the rifle role. The Stgw. 57 bipod legs are marked for use as an inclinometer for aiming rifle grenades at various ranges with and without an additional booster-charged rifle grenade. For such indirect rifle grenade fire, the Stgw. 57 was set on the ground and a weighted string attached on the sling loop was used as a plumb-line to set the correct firing angle reference mark on the appropriate bipod leg (left for boosted, right for unboosted). Swiss army knives were used as a makeshift plumb bob at the end of a string.
The trigger mechanism has a three-position fire selector switch that is also the manual safety toggle that secures the weapon from accidentally discharging. The user selects the operating mode with a large side lever on the left side of the trigger pack that can be rotated to select S (safe), E (semi-automatic fire) or M (full-automatic fire).