First Liberty Institute
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First Liberty Institute

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First Liberty Institute

First Liberty Institute is a 501(c)3 nonprofit Christian conservative legal organization based in Plano, Texas.

Prominent in legal circles on the Christian right, the organization litigates in First Amendment cases on religion, and is often referred to as a law firm.

First Liberty Institute is headed by Kelly Shackelford who founded the organization in 1997 under the name Liberty Legal Institute. The organization changed its name to Liberty Institute in 2009 and then, in 2016, to First Liberty Institute.

First Liberty Institute is a member of the advisory board of Project 2025, a collection of conservative and right-wing policy proposals from the Heritage Foundation to reshape the United States federal government and consolidate executive power should the Republican nominee win the 2024 presidential election.

First Liberty Institute is one of several Christian conservative legal organizations in the United States; others include the Alliance Defending Freedom, American Center for Law and Justice, Thomas More Society, Freedom of Conscience Defense Fund, Liberty Counsel, National Legal Foundation, and Christian Legal Society. The group has taken stances against LGBT rights. Among its most prominent cases are the "Candy Cane Case"; legal actions taken to stop a report on an investigation into Sarah Palin being published; and numerous legal cases filed in Texas courts concerning First Amendment and religious freedom issues.

List of Supreme Court cases:

First Liberty Institute represented Gerald Groff, a former United States Postal Service worker in rural Pennsylvania who was reprimanded and threatened with being fired for refusing to work on Sundays. Groff worked as a rural carrier associate. In 2013, USPS contracted with Amazon to deliver packages on Sundays. Groff’s Christian religious beliefs barred him from working on Sundays. Groff offered to work extra shifts, but the postmaster continued to schedule him on Sundays. Groff sued USPS for violations of his rights under federal law, arguing that he was wrongfully targeted because of his religious convictions.

A federal district court sided with USPS. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit affirmed the lower court’s ruling. Groff appealed his case to the U.S. Supreme Court. The Supreme Court heard oral argument in April 2023.

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