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River trekking

River tracing, also known as stream climbing or river trekking, is a form of mountaineering that involves going up mountain streams to their source performed for sport and outdoor recreation. The activity is popular in Japan, where it is known as sawanobori, and is also popular in Hong Kong and Taiwan.

River tracing usually involves a combination of hiking, climbing, and swimming to ascend stream and its features, including climbing waterfalls, traversing ravine walls, and swimming through gorges. As a rule, the climber moves in the direction opposite the direction of the waterflow. Climbing advanced routes requires being proficient in techniques derived from rock climbing and mountaineering, including belaying, rappelling, and lead climbing. Due to the additional dangers presented by having to navigate the watercourse, additional useful skills include experience in whitewater techniques, an understanding the geographical and meteorological properties of river and valleys, being capable of dealing with sudden bad weather and finding possible exits from the river.

In the sense that the activity takes place in a steep watercourse, the activity is similar to canyoning or canyoneering. However, the fundamental difference is the direction of movement: canyoneers move downstream with the flow of water while river tracers move upstream against the flow of water.

Both Japan and Taiwan have developed industries that support the activity with the production of special equipment, and standardized commercial tours. In Japan, the mountaineering equipment company Finetrack was founded in 2007 by engineers from Montbell with the goal of providing specialized equipment for river tracing expeditions. In Taiwan, Shawa Canyoning, a river tracing tour provider has since created the TEBYLON brand, innovating in both the river tracing and canyoning equipment markets.

Japan and Taiwan are the most popular destinations for this sport. In Japan it is called stream climbing (沢登り, sawanobori). People used to climb with waraji but felt bottomed shoes are standard now.

This sport is popular throughout Taiwan, where it is generally called river tracing (溯溪). Due to the island's mountainous nature, the activity can be performed all around the island. In particular Pingtung County, Kaohsiung City, Hualien County and Yilan County are well known as offering a diverse selection of river tracing destinations and tour providers.

Routes vary in length from half-day and full-day sections of river, which are suitable for commercial tours, to multi-day sections of creek. Tours provide necessary safety equipment which include felt-bottomed waders, PFDs, and climbing helmets.

The Nine Big Rivers (九大石澗) are the nine streams that are most popular among river trekkers in Hong Kong. The Nine Big Rivers include:

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