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Studio Gang
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Studio Gang is an American architecture and urban design practice with offices in Chicago, New York, San Francisco, and Paris.[1] Founded and led by architect Jeanne Gang, the Studio is known for its material research and experimentation, collaboration across a wide range of disciplines, and focus on sustainability.[2] The firm's works range in scale and typology from the 82-story mixed-use Aqua Tower to the 10,000-square-foot Arcus Center for Social Justice Leadership at Kalamazoo College to the 14-acre Nature Boardwalk at Lincoln Park Zoo. Studio Gang has won numerous awards for design excellence, including the 2016 Architizer A+ Firm of the Year Award and the 2013 National Design Award for Architecture from the Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum, as well as various awards from the American Institute of Architects (AIA) and AIA Chicago.

Key Information

Background

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The firm was founded by Jeanne Gang in 1997.[3]

One of the Studio's first built works, the Bengt Sjostrom Starlight Theatre, was completed in 2003, and won praise from critics;[4] the Chinese American Service League Kam Liu Center, finished the following year, garnered the firm additional accolades.[5][6] Aqua Tower and the Nature Boardwalk at Lincoln Park Zoo, both completed in 2010, significantly increased the Studio global profile, winning acclaim from architecture critics.[7][8]

The Studio has played a significant role in reshaping urban landscapes with a focus on ecological restoration and environmental stewardship. Projects include the revitalization of Tom Lee Park in Memphis that reconnects people to the long-neglected riverfront;[9] two boathouses on the Chicago River that opened up access to the river's edge;[10] and the transformation of a former Chicago airfield, Northerly Island, into a public lakefront park and biodiverse habitat.[11]

In 2023, the Studio completed several major cultural and educational projects, including the reimagination of the Arkansas Museum of Fine Arts, an adaptive reuse project, which was praised as a "new architectural landmark", and the Gilder Center for Science, Education, and Innovation at The American Museum of Natural History in New York, described by the New York Times "a poetic, joyful, theatrical work of public architecture and a highly sophisticated flight of sculptural fantasy".[12][13]

The Studio employs more than 140 people as of December 2023.[14]

Notable works

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Central atrium of the Richard Gilder Center

Richard Gilder Center for Science, Education, and Innovation

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The $465 million Richard Gilder Center for Science, Education, and Innovation at the American Museum of Natural History opened in May 2023. The 230,000-square-foot addition includes six floors above ground, and one below. The Richard Gilder Center welcomes visitors with a new, accessible entrance on Columbus Avenue that connects to central five-story atrium and creates more than 30 connections to the existing museum.[15] The atrium's architecture is informed by natural form-making processes such as the movement of wind and water that shape geological landscapes.[16] To achieve the continuous visual form, the atrium is constructed with shotcrete. The curvilinear façade contrasts with the earlier High Victorian Gothic, Richardson Romanesque and Beaux Arts structures, but its Milford Pink granite cladding is the same stone used on the Museum's west side.[16]

The St. Regis Chicago, designed by Studio Gang.

St. Regis Chicago

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Main article: St. Regis Chicago

The St. Regis Chicago, formerly Wanda Vista Tower, is a 101-story, 1,198 ft (365 m) supertall skyscraper in Chicago, Illinois. Construction started in August 2016, and was completed in 2020. Upon completion it became the city's third-tallest building at 1,198 ft (365 m), surpassing the Aon Center. It is the tallest structure in the world designed by a woman, and forms a part of the Lakeshore East development and overlooks the Chicago River near Lake Michigan. The building comprises three interconnected volumes of different heights. Truncated pyramids called "frustums" are stacked in an alternating sequence, right-side-up and upside-down, lending the design its flowing rhythm. The towers have 6 different shades of glass. Chicago Tribune architecture critic Blair Kamin praised the tower as "a stirring work of skyline artistry...as if the waters of Lake Michigan had burst upward and transformed themselves into fluid, undulating tiers of glass."[17] The tower has a notably smaller footprint than other supertalls in Chicago with a building height-to-core aspect ratio of 40-to-1.

The exterior of Studio Gang's addition to the Arkansas Museum of Fine Arts, featuring the second floor Cultural Living Room.

Arkansas Museum of Fine Arts

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Main article: Arkansas Museum of Fine Arts

The redevelopment of the Arkansas Museum of Fine Arts (AMFA) involved a comprehensive transformation of the existing building and grounds, resulting in a 133,000-square-foot facility. Studio Gang's design reused and restored as many of the existing structures as possible, which spanned multiple eras and architectural styles dating back to 1937. The Studio's design introduced a distinctive central addition that unites the entire complex, and "blossoms" out at the north and south ends to create new entrances and social spaces for the community. The design provides a renewed identity for AMFA, while also establishing visual and physical connections to the surrounding park and the neighborhoods beyond.[18]

Selected projects

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Education and research

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Project Location Status Year
The University of Chicago John W. Boyer Center in Paris France Paris, France Completed 2024 [19]
Kresge College Residential Buildings United States Santa Cruz, CA Completed 2023 [20]
Kresge College Academic Center United States Santa Cruz, CA Completed 2023 [21]
Beloit College Powerhouse United States Beloit, WI Completed 2020 [22]
University of Chicago Campus North Residential Commons United States Chicago, IL Completed 2016 [23]
Arcus Center for Social Justice Leadership at Kalamazoo College United States Kalamazoo, MI Completed 2014 [24]
Columbia College Chicago Media Production Center United States Chicago, IL Completed 2010 [25]
One Milestone West United States Boston, MA Under Construction 2023 [26]
David Rubenstein Treehouse United States Boston, MA Under Construction 2023 [26]
Spelman College Center for Innovation & the Arts United States Atlanta, GA Completed 2025 [27]
California College of the Arts Campus Expansion United States San Francisco, CA Completed 2024 [28]

Nature, culture, and community

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Project Location Status Year
Rescue Company 2 (New York City Fire Department) United States New York, NY Completed 2019 [29]
Northerly Island United States Chicago, IL Ongoing 2017 [30]
Richard Gilder Center for Science, Education, and Innovation at the American Museum of Natural History United States New York, NY Completed 2023 [31]
Civic Commons United States United States Completed 2016 [32]
Eleanor Boathouse at Park 571 United States Chicago, IL Completed 2016 [33]
National Aquarium Strategic Master Plan United States Baltimore, MD Design concept completed 2016 [34]
Writers Theatre United States Glencoe, IL Completed 2016 [35]
PAHC Studio United States Chicago, IL Completed 2014 [36]
WMS Boathouse at Clark Park United States Chicago, IL Completed 2013 [37]
The Conservation Center United States Chicago, IL Completed 2012 [38]
Kaohsiung Maritime Cultural and Pop Music Center Taiwan Kaohsiung Competition design completed 2011 [39]
Blue Wall Center United States Greenville, SC Design concept completed 2010 [40]
Nature Boardwalk at Lincoln Park Zoo United States Chicago, IL Completed 2010 [41]
Taipei Pop Music Center Taiwan Taipei Competition design completed 2010 [42]
Ford Calumet Environmental Center United States Calumet City, IL Design concept completed 2008 [43]
SOS Children's Villages Lavezzorio Community Center United States Chicago, IL Completed 2008 [44]
HafenCity Chicago Square Germany Hamburg Design concept completed 2006
Chinese American Service League Kam Liu Center United States Chicago, IL Completed 2004 [45]
Bengt Sjostrom Starlight Theatre at Rock Valley College United States Rockford, IL Completed 2003 [46]
Tom Lee Park United States Memphis, TN Completed 2023 [47]
Arkansas Museum of Fine Arts United States Little Rock, AR Completed 2023 [12]
Hudson Valley Shakespeare Festival United States Garrison, NY In design 2023 [48]

Towers

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Project Location Status Year
One Delisle Canada Toronto, ON Under Construction 2026 [49]
St. Regis Chicago United States Chicago, IL Completed 2022 [50]
11 Hoyt United States New York, NY Completed 2021 [51]
One Hundred United States St. Louis, MO Completed 2020 [52]
Solar Carve (40 Tenth Avenue) United States New York, NY Completed 2019 [53]
Solstice on the Park United States Chicago, IL Completed 2018 [54]
MIRA United States San Francisco, CA Completed 2017 [55]
City Hyde Park United States Chicago, IL Completed 2016 [56]
Shoreland United States Chicago, IL Completed 2014 [57]
Recombinant House (Garden in the Machine) United States Cicero, IL Design concept completed 2012 [58]
Aqua Tower United States Chicago, IL Completed 2010 [59]
Vancouver Pair Canada Vancouver, BC Design concept completed 2010 [60]
Hyderabad O2 India Hyderabad Design concept completed 2008 [61]
HafenCity Crane Tower Germany Hamburg Design concept completed 2006 [62]
Zhong Bang Village China Shanghai Competition design completed 2003 [63]
Q Residences Netherlands Amsterdam Completed 2022 [64]

Exhibitions

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Project Location Status Year
Arkansas Museum of Fine Arts United States Little Rock, AR Completed 2023 [65]
Dimensions of Discovery: Environments for Learning France Paris, France Completed 2023 [66]
Studio Gang Mock-Ups United States Chicago, IL Completed 2022 [67]
Good News: Women in Architecture Italy Rome, Italy Completed 2021 [68]
A Different Future in the Making United States Chicago, IL Completed 2020 [69]
Baleinopolis: The Secret Societies of Cetaceans France Paris, France Completed 2019 [70]
Stage Buoys United States Chicago, IL Completed 2017 [71]
Hive United States Washington, D.C. Completed 2017 [72]
Working in America United States Chicago, IL Completed 2016 [73]
Thinning Ice at Design Miami United States Miami, FL Completed 2014 [74]
Changes of Phase for Thodos Dance Chicago United States Chicago, IL Completed 2014 [75]
EXPO Chicago United States Chicago, IL Completed 2012 –2014 [76]
Building: Inside Studio Gang Architects at the Art Institute of Chicago United States Chicago, IL Completed 2012 –2013 [77]
Foreclosed: Rehousing the American Dream at the Museum of Modern Art United States New York, NY Completed 2012 [78]
Baseball in the City at the Art Institute of Chicago United States Chicago, IL Completed 2004 [79]
Marble Curtain at the National Building Museum United States Washington, D.C. Completed 2003 [80]

Planning

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Project Location Status Year
Enterprise Research Campus Plan United States Boston, MA Completed 2022 [81]
Kresge College Expansion at the University of California, Santa Cruz United States Santa Cruz, CA Completed 2019 [20]
Neighborhood Activation to Increase Public Safety through Community-Empowered Design and Planning United States Chicago, IL Completed 2021 [82]
River Edge Ideas Lab United States Chicago, IL Completed 2017 [83]
Mayor's Office of Criminal Justice Neighborhood Activation Study United States New York, NY Completed 2018 [84]
Memphis Riverfront Concept United States Memphis, TN Completed 2017 [85]
Neighborhood Schools Reuse Concept United States Memphis, TN Completed 2018 [86]
Port District Planning Study United States Milwaukee, WI Completed 2015
Civic Commons Philadelphia United States Philadelphia, PA Completed 2016 [87]

Selected awards

[edit]
  • 11 Hoyt Receives Honor at 2023 AIA NY Design Awards [88]
  • Institute Honor Award, Interior Architecture, AIA Awards, 2017 / Writers Theatre
  • Daniel Burnham Award for Master Planning, AIA Illinois, 2016 / Technical team for Positioning Pullman
  • Divine Detail Award, Design Excellence Awards, AIA Chicago, 2016 / Writers Theatre
  • Interior Architecture Award, Design Excellence Awards, AIA Chicago, 2016 / Writers Theatre
  • Distinguished Building Citation of Merit, Design Excellence Awards, AIA Chicago, 2016 / Writers Theatre
  • Divine Detail Award, Design Excellence Awards, AIA Chicago, 2016 / City Hyde Park
  • Distinguished Building Citation of Merit, Design Excellence Awards, AIA Chicago, 2016 / City Hyde Park
  • Institute Honor Award, Architecture, AIA Awards, 2016 / WMS Boathouse at Clark Park
  • Architizer A+ Firm of the Year, 2016
  • Award for Excellence in Design, Thirty-third Annual Design Awards, Public Design Commission, New York, 2015 / Rescue Company 2
  • Distinguished Building Award, Design Excellence Awards, AIA Chicago, 2015 / Arcus Center for Social Justice Leadership
  • Divine Detail Award, Design Excellence Awards, AIA Chicago, 2015 / Arcus Center for Social Justice Leadership
  • Honor Award, AIA Illinois, 2015 / Northerly Island
  • Distinguished Building Citation of Merit, Design Excellence Awards, AIA Chicago, 2014 / WMS Boathouse at Clark Park
  • National Design Award, Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum
  • Holcim Awards for Sustainable Construction Acknowledgement Prize North America, 2011, for the Ford Calumet Environmental Center[89]
  • Distinguished Building Honor Award, AIA Chicago, 2011, for the Nature Boardwalk, Education Pavilion and South Pond Transformation at Lincoln Park Zoo[90]
  • Most Compassionate Architectural Firm, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), 2009[91]
  • Skyscraper of the Year Award, Emporis, 2009, for the Aqua Tower[92]
  • Emerging Visions Award, AIA Chicago, 2000 & 2006[93]
  • Neighborhood Development Award, 3rd place, Richard H. Driehaus Foundation, 2005, for the Chinese American Service League[94]

References

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[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

Studio Gang

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from Grokipedia

Studio Gang is an architecture and urban design practice founded in 1997 by Jeanne Gang and headquartered in Chicago, with additional offices in New York City, San Francisco, and Paris. Led by Gang as founding partner, the firm specializes in projects that emphasize environmental integration, material innovation, and community connectivity through responsive, site-specific designs. Among its most notable achievements, Studio Gang designed the Aqua Tower in , a pioneering high-rise completed in 2009 featuring undulating concrete balconies that enhance views, shading, and social interaction. The firm has received prestigious recognitions, including the 2013 National Design Award in Architecture from the and the 2016 Architizer A+ Firm of the Year Award, affirming its influence in . Recent landmark projects include the 2023 Center for Science, Education, and Innovation at the in New York, which features organic forms and immersive spaces to promote scientific engagement, and the expansion of the Arkansas Museum of Fine Arts, blending new structures with historic elements to create a "Cultural " for public use. Studio Gang's approach prioritizes empirical performance in energy efficiency and over stylistic novelty, as evidenced in works like the Vista Tower in , which incorporates sustainable glazing and terraced landscapes.

Founding and Early Development

Establishment in 1997

Jeanne Gang established Studio Gang in Chicago in 1997 as an independent architecture and urban design practice. At age 33, Gang launched the firm following her professional experience, including three years at OMA in Rotterdam where she served as project architect and lead designer after earning a master's degree in architecture from Harvard University in 1993. The studio initially operated from an office in Chicago's Wicker Park neighborhood, reflecting Gang's commitment to rooting the practice in the city's architectural community. From its inception, Studio Gang functioned as a small, collaborative entity emphasizing innovative design approaches informed by Gang's prior exposure to experimental projects at OMA under . The firm's early structure prioritized interdisciplinary work among architects, designers, and urbanists, setting the stage for projects that integrated social and environmental considerations without predefined ideological constraints. This establishment marked Gang's transition from established firms to leading her own venture, capitalizing on Chicago's vibrant design ecosystem to build a practice focused on actionable, context-driven outcomes.

Initial Projects and Breakthroughs

Studio Gang's initial projects, undertaken shortly after its founding in 1997, emphasized community-oriented civic in the Chicago region, often involving renovations and to foster social connections and environmental responsiveness. One of the firm's earliest commissions was the renovation of the Bengt Sjostrom Starlight Theatre at Rock Valley College in Rockford, Illinois, initiated in 1997 and completed in 2003. This 135,000-square-foot open-air amphitheater expansion increased seating capacity to over 1,000 while introducing a retractable helix-shaped supported by cables, allowing weather protection without obstructing views of the stage or stars, and a "starwall" facade with circular perforations for acoustic and visual enhancement. The project demonstrated Gang's early interest in flexible structures that integrate performance traditions with modern , earning local recognition for revitalizing underused . Concurrently, Studio Gang designed the Chinese American Service League (CASL) building in Chicago's Uptown neighborhood, a project spanning 1997 to 2004 with a 38,000-square-foot facility and $5.6 million budget. This community center provided multilingual social services, education, and health programs for Asian immigrants, featuring a facade clad in titanium shingles over insulated panels and a lattice sunscreen system to modulate daylight, reduce glare, and promote natural ventilation in a dense urban setting. The design prioritized accessibility and cultural integration, using cost-effective materials to create durable, light-filled interiors that supported the organization's mission of bridging generational and linguistic divides. These modest-scale works established the firm's reputation for pragmatic innovation in public architecture, relying on material experimentation and site-specific problem-solving rather than monumental gestures. A pivotal breakthrough came in 2004 with the commission for Aqua Tower, Studio Gang's first high-rise project, which shifted the firm toward large-scale urban development. Completed in 2009 at 225 North Columbus Drive in , the 82-story, 262-meter mixed-use tower (comprising residential units, offices, and a ) featured continuous undulating balcony slabs forming wave-like terraces that enhanced shading, wind flow, and views while adding structural depth without excessive material use. Inspired by layered geological strata and Chicago's riverine , the design reduced solar heat gain by up to 70% on east- and west-facing facades compared to flat balconies, contributing to energy efficiency and resident comfort. Upon completion, Aqua received the International Emporis Skyscraper Award and marked the tallest building then designed by a woman-led firm, propelling Studio Gang to national prominence and opening doors to subsequent tower commissions by showcasing scalable research into form, performance, and .

Organizational Structure and Operations

Leadership Under Jeanne Gang

Jeanne Gang founded Studio Gang in 1997 and has served as its founding partner and principal leader since inception, directing the firm's design vision and strategic direction. Under her guidance, the practice has emphasized innovative architecture that integrates technical advancements with social and environmental considerations, such as bird-safe glazing techniques and material explorations inspired by natural forms. The firm's organizational structure reflects a collaborative model with Gang at the apex, supported by a cadre of principals and specialized partners. Key roles include Design Principals and Partners Juliane Wolf and Weston Walker, who contribute to project leadership; Managing Partner Mark Schendel, overseeing operations; and Principal Joan Verbon as Chief Financial and Operations Officer. This tiered setup divides responsibilities across , publications, marketing, and administration, enabling Gang to prioritize creative oversight while delegating business functions. Gang's leadership has driven organic expansion, growing the firm from fewer than 20 employees in prior to the 2010 Aqua Tower completion to approximately 100-126 staff across offices in , New York, , and by the mid-2010s and beyond. Her approach fosters a supportive environment that values rational input and research-driven decisions, with Schendel managing administrative aspects to allow focus on . Initiatives under her tenure include closing the internal , positioning Studio Gang as a leader in equity within .

Global Offices and Firm Scale

Studio Gang operates four offices across three countries, with locations in Chicago (headquarters), New York City, San Francisco, and Paris. These studios are embedded within their respective urban environments, fostering localized design practices while maintaining connectivity through shared methodologies and digital collaboration tools. The Chicago office, located at 1520 W Division Street, originated as the firm's founding base in 1997 and remains central to its leadership and operations. Expansions to New York (50 Broad Street) and San Francisco (2325 3rd Street) supported growth in East Coast and West Coast projects, respectively, while the Paris office facilitates European commissions and international partnerships. This distributed structure enables the firm to engage with varied regulatory, cultural, and climatic contexts without centralizing all activities in one location. In terms of scale, Studio Gang employs between 51 and 200 professionals, comprising architects, urban designers, planners, and support staff, with estimates centering around 100-126 individuals as of recent assessments. This mid-sized configuration allows for agile project teams while competing with larger firms on high-profile commissions, emphasizing interdisciplinary collaboration over hierarchical expansion.

Design Principles and Methodology

Actionable Idealism and Material Innovation

Studio Gang's design philosophy centers on "actionable ," a term coined by founding principal to describe the firm's commitment to pursuing ambitious societal and environmental goals through practical, implementable architectural solutions. This approach rejects the dichotomy between and realism, instead emphasizing architecture's potential as a catalyst for positive change in communities, cities, and ecosystems. Gang has articulated that actionable idealism involves methodically translating big ideas into built form, fostering connections among people, places, and nature rather than creating isolated objects. In practice, actionable manifests in projects that integrate , urban revitalization, and ecological awareness, often extending beyond traditional to include research, self-initiated initiatives, and . For instance, Studio Gang's work prioritizes connectivity, as seen in designs that encourage public interaction and coexistence within broader planetary networks, challenging conventional notions of standalone structures. This underpins the firm's broader mission to leverage design for tangible improvements, such as enhancing or community cohesion, while ensuring economic and technical feasibility. Material innovation serves as a of actionable , enabling Studio Gang to achieve functional, aesthetic, and sustainable outcomes through experimental approaches to and fabrication. The firm combines traditional techniques like cutting and with digital tools to explore materials' social and environmental potentials, as detailed in Gang's writings on the subject. Examples include the Aqua Tower (2009), where undulating balconies were developed using donated mixes of varying colors and compositions to create cost-effective, sculptural forms inspired by natural , reducing material waste while enhancing visual dynamism. Further innovations appear in projects like the Writers Theatre (2016), featuring bespoke wood cladding fabricated with novel techniques for acoustic and thermal performance, and the Center for , and Innovation (2023), which employs organic concrete forms and void spaces to mimic natural cave systems, promoting and energy efficiency. These efforts demonstrate how material experimentation supports actionable idealism by addressing real-world challenges, such as durability and recyclability, without compromising visionary intent—often through collaborations that and test solutions prior to full-scale implementation.

Integration of Sustainability with Economic Viability

Studio Gang incorporates into its designs by prioritizing strategies that align environmental performance with cost efficiencies, such as and material selections that accelerate construction timelines and lower long-term operational expenses. In projects like the Arkansas Museum of Fine Arts, completed in 2023, the firm applied a "grafting" approach to extend an existing 1937 structure, enabling functional expansion while avoiding the higher expenses associated with full and new builds. This method preserves in legacy materials and reduces upfront capital outlay, demonstrating how incremental additions can achieve goals without prohibitive costs. Material innovations, particularly mass timber, further bridge these priorities, as seen in the campus expansion, opened in November 2024. Mass timber provides structural strength with a lower than or , while its supports faster assembly—often cutting time by 20-30% in comparable applications—and lighter weight minimizes foundation requirements. has noted that such choices reflect ecological contexts while optimizing for practical delivery, as in seismic zones where hybrid systems enhance resilience without excess material use. Urban density plays a central role in this integration, with Gang advocating for compact developments that curb sprawl-related emissions and infrastructure demands; higher-density configurations, for example, can lower energy use by promoting and reducing vehicle dependency, yielding household savings estimated at over $10,000 annually in transportation costs based on national data from similar interventions. Features like green roofs in projects such as the hotel, set to open in , further exemplify this by slashing energy consumption through insulation and stormwater management, while delivering financial returns via extended roof lifespans and elevated property values. These approaches underscore a methodology where enhances, rather than compromises, project feasibility, often revitalizing underutilized sites to boost local economic activity.

High-Profile Commissions

Aqua Tower and Urban Towers

The Aqua Tower is an 82-story mixed-use located at 225 North Columbus Drive in Chicago's Lakeshore East neighborhood, designed by Studio Gang with principal architect . Completed in 2009, the 262-meter-tall structure incorporates 1,888 residential units, office space, a 30-story hotel, and parking facilities, developed by Magellan Development Group. Its defining feature is the undulating, wave-like balconies formed by curving extensions of the floor slabs, inspired by the layered limestone formations of the , which provide shading, privacy, and enhanced views while reducing wind loads. The design also integrates sustainability measures, including rainwater harvesting systems and energy-efficient glazing, contributing to its certification. At the time of completion, Aqua was the tallest building designed by a female-led firm, marking a breakthrough for Studio Gang in high-rise . Studio Gang's subsequent urban tower projects build on Aqua's innovations in sculptural form and environmental performance, adapting them to diverse urban contexts. The Vista Tower (now The St. Regis Chicago), completed in 2020, is a 101-story residential skyscraper in Chicago's Lakeshore East, featuring a terracotta-clad facade with protruding, blade-like elements that optimize solar shading and ventilation. In San Francisco's Mission Rock district, the MIRA tower, a 400-foot residential high-rise with 392 units, employs bay-window modules to foster community interaction and improve energy efficiency through a high-performance envelope. Similarly, the Verde tower in the same development, a 23-story structure completed as part of a phased masterplan, includes a mesa-like base with retail and co-working spaces, topped by a sky garden to promote social connectivity and biodiversity. These projects demonstrate Studio Gang's approach to urban towers as vertical neighborhoods, prioritizing resident well-being, site-specific adaptation, and material efficiency over uniform glass curtain walls common in contemporary high-rises. In Toronto, the One Delisle tower features spiraling residential modules that taper at the base to maximize views and mitigate wind, enclosing 371 units in a form that responds to local climate and density challenges. Across these works, empirical testing of forms—via wind tunnel simulations and computational modeling—ensures structural integrity and occupant comfort, as evidenced by reduced energy demands and improved microclimates.

O'Hare Expansion and Airport Projects

In 2019, Studio Gang, as lead designer in the , won an international competition to develop the O'Hare Global Terminal and Global Concourse at Chicago's , marking the airport's first major terminal overhaul in 25 years. The project, initially valued at $2.2 billion, forms a core component of the broader $8.5 billion O'Hare 21 expansion initiative aimed at enhancing capacity and efficiency. The Y-shaped terminal structure spans 2.25 million square feet and is engineered as the first global alliance terminal in the United States, consolidating international processing while integrating with existing facilities via a tunnel system. The design draws on Chicago's historical role as a hub of transportation networks, incorporating linear geometries to facilitate passenger flow and incorporating advanced technologies for security and operations comparable to emerging global airports. Studio ORD's team, comprising Studio Gang, Solomon Cordwell Buenz (SCB), Corgan, and others, emphasizes modularity and adaptability to accommodate future growth, with the overall expansion projected to increase O'Hare's terminal area by 60 percent, from 5.5 million to 8.9 million square feet. Supporting elements include two new satellite concourses, with Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM) tasked with designing Concourse D, featuring "orchard-inspired" layouts for improved and natural light. Progress has faced delays and cost escalations, with the total modernization budget rising to $12.1 billion by 2023 amid negotiations and construction challenges. Updated timelines indicate substantial completion of Satellite Concourse 1 by 2028 and the Global Terminal by 2032, following approvals in 2024 that secured funding through bonds and leases. No other major airport projects have been publicly commissioned to Studio Gang beyond O'Hare, positioning this as the firm's primary contribution to aviation infrastructure.

Cultural and Institutional Works

Museums and Education Facilities

Studio Gang has designed several notable additions and renovations for museums and educational institutions, emphasizing organic forms, integration with existing structures, and spaces that foster and public . The firm's projects in this category prioritize functionality for research, exhibition, and learning while incorporating sustainable materials and innovative spatial organization. The Center for Science, Education, and Innovation, completed in 2023 at the in , spans 230,000 square feet and cost $465 million. Announced in 2014, it includes new exhibition halls, education spaces for students of all ages, research laboratories, and collection storage, connected by a central atrium with a textured concrete facade inspired by biological forms like mounds and honeycombs. The design aims to connect visitors more directly with scientific collections and programming, featuring the exhibit on and the Exploration Atrium for immersive experiences. In , Studio Gang led the renovation and expansion of the Arkansas Museum of Fine Arts, which reopened in April 2023 after closing in 2019. The 133,000-square-foot project unifies disparate existing buildings with a folded addition forming a "cultural living room" , enhancing connectivity between galleries, education areas, and outdoor landscapes in collaboration with SCAPE. The design incorporates natural light, views to the surrounding park, and flexible spaces for art education and community events, transforming the institution into a civic hub. These facilities demonstrate Studio Gang's approach to museum architecture by blending educational programming with experiential design, using materials like and folded metal to evoke natural processes while addressing practical needs for visitor flow and institutional growth.

Civic and Community Structures

Studio Gang has designed several civic and structures emphasizing multifunctional spaces that foster social interaction, accessibility, and environmental integration. These projects often serve underserved neighborhoods, combining amenities with programmatic needs to enhance cohesion. The Lavezzorio Community Center, completed in 2009 for in Chicago's Auburn-Gresham neighborhood, integrates social services for families with open amenities for local residents. The 25,000-square-foot facility features a multi-level interior with naturally lit spaces, including a wide stair that functions as both and flexible seating for classrooms or performances, and a second-floor accommodating diverse gatherings. Its design promotes transparency and playfulness, with a "mountain-like" encouraging child engagement while addressing the area's need for unified family support services. In Chicago's riverfront revitalization efforts, Studio Gang completed the WMS Boathouse at Clark Park in 2014, a 22,600-square-foot facility supporting programs and community activities. The structure includes a two-story training center with mechanical heating and cooling, a one-story storage area, and integrated stormwater management to aid ecological restoration of the . Its undulating roof form echoes the river's flow, providing shaded outdoor spaces for public use. Similarly, the Eleanor Boathouse at Park 571, opened in 2016 on the South Branch of the , offers team facilities, mentoring areas, and event spaces within a rhythmic-roofed complex that doubles as a storage and community hub, prioritizing South Side access to water-based recreation. More recently, the Recreation Center in Brooklyn's East , with groundbreaking in November 2023 and expected completion in 2025, represents an expansion into urban recreational infrastructure. This 65,000-square-foot building at Nostrand Playground includes a gymnasium, indoor swimming pool, walking track, fitness rooms, multipurpose spaces, a teaching kitchen, and a green rooftop, aimed at serving local residents with health and social programs while honoring the legacy of congresswoman . The design incorporates a public plaza to extend community engagement outdoors, addressing longstanding needs for inclusive amenities in the area.

Recent and Ongoing Projects

2024 Openings and Exhibitions

In 2024, Studio Gang marked the completion and opening of five buildings spanning diverse typologies and locations, as announced by the firm. Key among these was the new home for the University of Kentucky's College of Design in , which features of an existing structure to extend its lifespan while incorporating modern educational spaces; a ribbon-cutting ceremony occurred on September 20, 2024. The University of Chicago's John W. Boyer Center in , —Studio Gang's inaugural built project in the country—opened in the 13th , utilizing hybrid mass-timber construction integrated with stone to blend with the urban context and support academic functions adjacent to housing developments. Further openings included the (CCA) campus expansion in , a hybrid mass-timber structure emphasizing indoor-outdoor connectivity and sustainable art education facilities, completed to set benchmarks in environmental performance. In the same city, Verde—a mixed-use tower in the emerging Mission Rock neighborhood—opened as part of the area's first phase, which also saw the April debut of the adjacent 5-acre China Basin Park designed by SCAPE, contributing to public waterfront activation. On the exhibitions front, Studio Gang launched "Eyes on the Future" in its gallery, showcasing architectural models, drawings, and materials from the Populus hotel project to explore how contemporary hotels can function as destinations integrating , interiors, and landscape; the exhibit, tied to broader themes of , remains viewable through February 28, 2026, as a partner program for the 2025 Architecture Biennial. In fall 2024, the firm presented "The Art of Architectural ," an expanding on Jeanne Gang's of the same name, highlighting techniques for integrating new structures with existing ones to foster urban vitality and material innovation. These efforts underscored Studio Gang's focus on actionable environmental strategies amid ongoing urban development.

2025 Completions and Future Initiatives

In 2025, Studio Gang oversaw the opening of the Mary Schmidt Campbell Center for Innovation & the Arts at in , Georgia, on April 24. The 82,500-square-foot facility integrates arts, technology, and community programs, featuring flexible spaces for interdisciplinary collaboration and public engagement, with red metal screens referencing Georgia's geological layers. The firm also completed the Treehouse conference center at in , , which opened in October 2025 as the institution's first above-ground mass-timber structure. Spanning three stories on the campus, the building functions as a university-wide convener with wood elements designed to simulate an elevated, treehouse-like environment, supporting the adjacent Enterprise Research Campus. Looking ahead, Studio Gang contributed to the 2025 Architettura with "The Living Orders of Venice," an installation fostering awareness of urban biodiversity and integration in historic contexts. The firm presented "The Art of Architectural Grafting" exhibition at in , exploring techniques modeled on plant grafting to reduce embodied carbon in construction. Complementing this, authored the book The Art of Architectural Grafting, advocating regeneration of existing structures over demolition to mitigate climate impacts. Further initiatives include the "Eyes on the Future" exhibition in , a 2025 Chicago Architecture Biennial partner program examining evolving through the lens of the firm's project. Ongoing commissions feature the Women's Leadership Center in Williams Bay, Wisconsin, designed for empowerment programs with a 2026 completion, and the Colorado 150 Pedestrian Walkway in , a commemorative pathway linking civic sites, slated for July 2026.

Reception and Professional Recognition

Critical Reviews and Media Coverage

Studio Gang's architectural output has garnered widespread acclaim in professional media for its innovative integration of environmental responsiveness, structural ingenuity, and social connectivity, often highlighted in outlets like and Architectural Record. Critics frequently praise the firm's avoidance of ostentatious form-making in favor of pragmatic, site-specific solutions that enhance urban ecosystems, as noted in a 2020 World-Architects profile describing Jeanne Gang's approach as prioritizing "practical solutions" over "excessive form." This reception positions Studio Gang as a to more flamboyant starchitects, with in 2009 lauding the Aqua Tower's rippling concrete balconies and extensive as a "revelation" that softens Chicago's skyline while promoting resident interaction and . The 2009 Aqua Tower, at 262 meters tall, drew particular attention as the world's tallest building designed by a at the time, earning descriptors like "super clever" from Architect Magazine judges for its simple yet effective wave-like geometry derived from layered terraces that mitigate wind loads and foster community. Similarly, the 2023 Richard Gilder Center for Science, Education, and Innovation at the received effusive reviews for its organic, cave-like atrium evoking natural erosion processes, with architecture critic Michael Kimmelman calling it a "spectacular" and "poetic" that inspires "wonder and awe" through sculptural concrete forms and immersive exhibition halls. echoed this, characterizing the $465 million, 230,000-square-foot addition as "theatrical and even operatic," emphasizing its role in modernizing the museum's outdated infrastructure while prioritizing visitor flow and scientific engagement. Media coverage has also spotlighted Studio Gang's broader thematic consistency, such as "actionable idealism" in blending aesthetics with ecological function, as articulated in a 2021 THE SITE MAGAZINE analysis of projects like the solar-optimized Studio Gang headquarters, which restrained development to preserve views despite permissive zoning. For the 2023 Arkansas Museum of Fine Arts expansion, Architectural Record commended the firm's retention of 75% of the existing structure to achieve sustainability goals, integrating old and new through landscape interventions that extend public access. While predominantly positive, some commentary notes limitations, such as interior detailing in high-profile commissions, though these critiques appear anecdotal and overshadowed by endorsements from peer-reviewed architectural awards and publications. Overall, coverage in specialized journals underscores Studio Gang's influence on contemporary practice, with projects routinely featured for advancing adaptive, community-oriented design amid urban density challenges.

Major Awards and Honors

, founder of Studio Gang, received the MacArthur Fellowship in 2011, recognizing her innovative approaches to architectural form and urban challenges. The firm earned the Cooper Hewitt National Design Award for Architecture in 2013, honoring its contributions to design excellence. In 2016, Studio Gang was named Architizer A+ Firm of the Year, acknowledging its leadership in . Gang was elected a of the in 2009 and received the Louis I. Kahn Memorial Award in 2017 for advancing architectural discourse. The firm secured AIA Honor Awards for specific projects, including the Arkansas Museum of Fine Arts in 2024 and the Kresge College Expansion in 2025. In 2022, Gang was awarded the ULI Prize for Visionaries in Urban Development, and in 2023, the Award from Les Créateurs Design Awards. Recent honors include the AIA Firm Award in 2025, the AW Architektur & Wohnen Architect of the Year for in 2025, and ULI Americas Awards for Excellence for and in 2025. These accolades reflect Studio Gang's emphasis on contextual, across civic and institutional works.

Criticisms and Professional Debates

Selection Processes and Competitions

The selection of Studio Gang-led teams for major projects has occasionally faced scrutiny over transparency and procedural fairness in competitive processes. In March 2019, the City of chose a including Studio Gang, led by , to design the $8.5 billion Global Terminal expansion at following a closed-door among five international firms. The process excluded public input and withheld details on the judging panel's composition, prompting accusations of opacity from architectural critics and local stakeholders. Prominent Chicago architect Helmut Jahn publicly condemned the outcome in a handwritten note to the Chicago Tribune, describing it as "premeditated" and an embarrassment to the profession, implying the decision favored local celebrity over merit-based evaluation. Jahn's critique highlighted broader concerns in architectural competitions, where secretive juries can undermine competitive integrity, though city officials defended the choice as prioritizing innovative design capable of handling 25 million annual passengers. No formal irregularities were substantiated, and the selection elevated Studio Gang's role in high-profile infrastructure, but it fueled debates on whether non-transparent processes privilege established networks over objective criteria. Other competitions involving Studio Gang, such as the 2021 C40 Reinventing Cities win for a in Chicago's South Side, proceeded without notable procedural controversies, emphasizing collaborative proposals over adversarial bidding. Instances like the firm's unsuccessful entry in Northwestern University's 2015 center , which proposed integrating a controversial existing structure, drew attention to ambition but not to . Overall, while Studio Gang has secured projects through standard invitational and open calls, the O'Hare case exemplifies how opaque mechanisms can invite regarding in an industry prone to subjective judgments.

Project Costs, Functionality, and Outcomes

The Center for Science, Education, and Innovation at the , completed in 2023, experienced significant cost overruns, rising from an initial budget of $383 million to $465 million, an increase of $82 million attributed to escalation, resolved litigation over encroachment into Park, and supply chain disruptions from COVID-19. The project's complex undulating walls, intended to evoke a canyon form, posed challenges including nonrepetitive and limited load-bearing points due to an underground service yard, complicating integration with existing museum structures. Prior to , a nonprofit group sued to halt the expansion, alleging catastrophic environmental damage to the park, though the suit did not ultimately derail the project. Studio Gang's Aqua Tower in , completed in 2009, has drawn criticism for functionality flaws related to thermal bridging, where the continuous concrete and steel balcony slabs act as conductive paths, transferring indoor heat to the exterior and undermining energy efficiency despite the building's otherwise innovative design. analyses highlight how these projecting elements function akin to radiator fins, exacerbating heating and cooling loads without adequate thermal breaks, a persistent issue in post-occupancy performance that prioritizes aesthetics over practical thermal performance. The Vista Tower (now ), topped out in 2019 but facing prolonged delays, encountered wind engineering problems during design, with tests revealing that the original interconnected form would generate excessive sway and , potentially causing occupants to feel ill or unsafe. To mitigate this, engineers mandated a blow-through floor at the 83rd level—an open vent exposing structural elements—which altered the architectural intent and rendered that level inaccessible to residents, compromising the pure sculptural vision. Outcomes included stalled progress after partner Group's 2020 exit amid financial woes, leading to buyer lawsuits over misrepresented stability, a collapse in Chinese purchaser demand (down 90% by 2024), and a bulk sale of 84 unsold condos for $117 million—far below the original $191 million ask for fewer units—delaying full occupancy and hotel operations until 2023.

Broader Impact

Contributions to Architectural Practice

Studio Gang has advanced architectural practice through a research-driven that integrates interdisciplinary expertise and site-specific to address environmental and social challenges. The firm employs iterative processes involving drawings, diagrams, and consultations with specialists—such as ornithologists and masons—to evolve designs that prioritize ecological performance and community interaction, as evidenced in their 2011 publication Reveal, which documents the development of projects like Aqua Tower through diverse inputs. This approach extends beyond traditional client briefs, initiating community-focused initiatives to foster urban revitalization and equity. A key innovation is the firm's advocacy for "architectural ," a strategy for adapting existing buildings to minimize new construction's environmental impact, detailed in Jeanne Gang's 2023 book The Art of Architectural . This method responds to imperatives by reusing structures, promoting carbon reduction over and rebuilding, and has influenced discussions on sustainable urban adaptation. Studio Gang further contributes by embedding cross-disciplinary connections, such as linking and STEM in designs like the Mary Schmidt Campbell Center at , to create multifunctional civic spaces that enhance educational and social outcomes. In practice, the firm incorporates local contextual elements—geological, cultural, and climatic—while maintaining global , enabling designs that strengthen community ties without isolating sites from broader urban ecosystems. Their push for bird-friendly standards, including op-eds advocating policy changes, has elevated considerations in high-rise and institutional architecture, influencing municipal codes in and beyond. These practices underscore a commitment to actionable , bridging technical innovation with societal benefit in contemporary design workflows.

Economic and Urban Development Effects

Studio Gang's projects have contributed to urban revitalization by integrating architectural innovation with public amenities, often catalyzing mixed-use developments that enhance neighborhood vitality and economic activity. The firm's Aqua Tower, completed in 2009 as the first major structure in Chicago's Lakeshore East district, served as a anchor for the city's largest urban project, transforming former rail yards and parking lots into a 28-acre neighborhood with over 5,000 residential units, retail spaces, and parks. This development has supported downtown economic growth by increasing housing density and attracting commercial investment, though specific attribution to Aqua alone is challenging amid broader . Expansions of cultural institutions, such as the 2023 Center for Science, Education, and Innovation at the in , exemplify Studio Gang's role in boosting and local economies. The $475 million addition, featuring immersive exhibits and public spaces, enhances the museum's draw, which already supports thousands of jobs and contributes to New York City's $68 billion annual tourism impact; the center is projected to amplify visitor numbers and related spending in surrounding areas. Similarly, the renovated Museum of Fine Arts in , opened in 2023 after a $160 million project, sustained construction employment during the downturn and aligns with Arkansas's nonprofit arts sector generating $306 million in statewide economic activity in 2022, including job creation and audience expenditures. In initiatives, Studio Gang promotes strategies like and that yield measurable economic benefits, such as property value appreciation from park investments and eco-blocks for stormwater management. For instance, their Reimagining the Civic Commons research highlights how enhanced public spaces can increase nearby property values by fostering vibrant corridors that encourage local commerce and reduce urban heat islands. These approaches prioritize density and resilience, indirectly supporting long-term fiscal stability by lowering operational costs in buildings like those with extensive green roofs, which have demonstrated premium unit values in comparable projects.

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