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Sukhoi Su-30MKK
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Sukhoi Su-30MKK
The Sukhoi Su-30MKK (NATO reporting name: Flanker-G) is a Russian multirole fighter derived from the Sukhoi Su-30MK. It was developed in 1998 to Chinese requirements for a Sukhoi Su-27 with strike capabilities. The type was further developed in the early-2000s into the Sukhoi Su-30MK2 with anti-ship capabilities.
China was the first operatorof the Su-30MKK and Su-30MK2. Variants of the Su-30MK2 entered service with other countries, including Russia.
China's military modernization that started in the late-Cold War became more urgent after the Gulf War of the early-1990s. The war demonstrated that China's modernization goals were inadequate; in 1993, the Central Military Commission issued new Military Strategic Guidelines that represented a "wholesale reevaluation" of China's military strategy. One goal was to acquire long-range precision-guided strike capability to enhance defence in depth and support offensive operations.
China began receiving Sukhoi Su-27SK fighters from Russia in 1992. By the mid-1990s, China wanted an improved Su-27 with strike capabilities. In 1996, Russia agreed to sell 40 multirole combat aircraft to China for US$1.8 billion. The contract details for the Su-30MKK were finalized at the 1998 China International Aviation & Aerospace Exhibition after technical negotiations, and a contract for 38 aircraft was signed in 1999.
The Su-30MK was chosen as the basis for the Su-30MKK, and development started in 1998. The Komsomolsk-on-Amur Aircraft Plant (KnAAPO) - which had worked on Chinese contracts - was chosen as the manufacturer and did most of the design work. The first prototype Su-30 was converted into the a demonstrator in 1999 and first flew in that form in March 1999. The first prototype was converted from an ex-Russian Air Force Su-27UB trainer that had been extensively damaged in a ground fire; it first flew as a Su-30MKK in May 1999. The second prototype was a new build and completed in the summer of 1999. Trials were largely complete by the end of 2000. Deliveries began to the People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLANAF) in December 2000.
The Su-30MK2 was developed from a 2002 Chinese request for a Su-30MKK with anti-ship capabilities. Avionics changes integrated the Kh-31A anti-ship missile (AShM). Russia agreed to sell the aircraft to China in August 2003. KnAAPO began deliveries to the People's Liberation Army Navy Air Force in Feburary 2024.
Russia, Venezuela and Vietnam adopted variants of the Su-30MK2 in the 2000-2010s. The Russian Air Force (VVS) variant is the Su-30M2; it was procured to sustain domestic industry and was less advanced than the Su-30SM.
The Su-30MKK is a development of the Su-30MK, with some of the additional features being taken from the Sukhoi Su-35. KnAAPO had proposed "combining the best features" of the Su-30MK and Su-35 before China's request. The airframe and undercarriage are reinforced to compensate for the increased weight; the nose landing gear has two wheels.
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Sukhoi Su-30MKK
The Sukhoi Su-30MKK (NATO reporting name: Flanker-G) is a Russian multirole fighter derived from the Sukhoi Su-30MK. It was developed in 1998 to Chinese requirements for a Sukhoi Su-27 with strike capabilities. The type was further developed in the early-2000s into the Sukhoi Su-30MK2 with anti-ship capabilities.
China was the first operatorof the Su-30MKK and Su-30MK2. Variants of the Su-30MK2 entered service with other countries, including Russia.
China's military modernization that started in the late-Cold War became more urgent after the Gulf War of the early-1990s. The war demonstrated that China's modernization goals were inadequate; in 1993, the Central Military Commission issued new Military Strategic Guidelines that represented a "wholesale reevaluation" of China's military strategy. One goal was to acquire long-range precision-guided strike capability to enhance defence in depth and support offensive operations.
China began receiving Sukhoi Su-27SK fighters from Russia in 1992. By the mid-1990s, China wanted an improved Su-27 with strike capabilities. In 1996, Russia agreed to sell 40 multirole combat aircraft to China for US$1.8 billion. The contract details for the Su-30MKK were finalized at the 1998 China International Aviation & Aerospace Exhibition after technical negotiations, and a contract for 38 aircraft was signed in 1999.
The Su-30MK was chosen as the basis for the Su-30MKK, and development started in 1998. The Komsomolsk-on-Amur Aircraft Plant (KnAAPO) - which had worked on Chinese contracts - was chosen as the manufacturer and did most of the design work. The first prototype Su-30 was converted into the a demonstrator in 1999 and first flew in that form in March 1999. The first prototype was converted from an ex-Russian Air Force Su-27UB trainer that had been extensively damaged in a ground fire; it first flew as a Su-30MKK in May 1999. The second prototype was a new build and completed in the summer of 1999. Trials were largely complete by the end of 2000. Deliveries began to the People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLANAF) in December 2000.
The Su-30MK2 was developed from a 2002 Chinese request for a Su-30MKK with anti-ship capabilities. Avionics changes integrated the Kh-31A anti-ship missile (AShM). Russia agreed to sell the aircraft to China in August 2003. KnAAPO began deliveries to the People's Liberation Army Navy Air Force in Feburary 2024.
Russia, Venezuela and Vietnam adopted variants of the Su-30MK2 in the 2000-2010s. The Russian Air Force (VVS) variant is the Su-30M2; it was procured to sustain domestic industry and was less advanced than the Su-30SM.
The Su-30MKK is a development of the Su-30MK, with some of the additional features being taken from the Sukhoi Su-35. KnAAPO had proposed "combining the best features" of the Su-30MK and Su-35 before China's request. The airframe and undercarriage are reinforced to compensate for the increased weight; the nose landing gear has two wheels.
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