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Te Whiti o Rongomai
Te Whiti o Rongomai III (c. 1830 – 18 November 1907) was a Māori spiritual leader and founder of the village of Parihaka, in New Zealand's Taranaki region.
A proponent of nonviolence, Te Whiti established Parihaka community as a place of sanctuary and peace for Māori many of whom seeking refuge as their land was confiscated in the early 1860s. Parihaka became a place of peaceful resistance to the encroaching confiscations.
On 5 November 1881, the village was invaded by 1500 Armed Constabulary with its leaders arrested and put on trial. Te Whiti was sent to Christchurch at the Crown's insistence after it was clear the crown was losing its case in New Plymouth. The trial, however, was never reconvened and Te Whiti, along with Tohu were held for two years. Te Whiti and Tohu returned to Parihaka in 1883, seeking to rebuild Parihaka as a place of learning and cultural development though land protests continued.
Te Whiti was imprisoned on two further occasions after 1885 before his death in 1907.
Te Whiti was born in Ngāmotu, Taranaki, New Zealand, about 1830. One account makes him the son of Hone Kakahi of the Te Āti Awa iwi and of Rangi Kauwau.[citation needed] Another version sees him as the son of Tohukakahi (a minor chief of the Patukai hapu of the Ngāti Tāwhirikura branch of the Te Ati Awa tribe), and of Rangiawau (daughter of Te Whetu).[citation needed]
As a youngster, Te Whiti was well educated by Māori elders, who taught him about the traditions of his culture.[citation needed] Educated at a mission school, he later set up a flour mill in Warea.
In 1862 Te Whiti saved the lives of the crew and passengers of the Lord Worsley, which was wrecked on the Taranaki coast 80 km south of New Plymouth. When Māori threatened the survivors on the beach Te Whiti came to the rescue. He had a bullock killed and fed the survivors, sent a message to New Plymouth and arranged transport in carts to escort the survivors back to New Plymouth. This was the first occasion that government officials noted the existence of Te Whiti. He was believed[by whom?] to be about 30 at the time. In 1867 the great Māori chief established a village at Parihaka. He wanted his people to regain their land, pride and self-respect after the confiscations in other parts of the North Island. His aim seems[original research?] to have been to establish a new way for Māori to resist European attempts to take what was left of Taranaki.
With his close relative, Tohu Kakahi, Te Whiti led the people of Parihaka in their nonviolent resistance to the confiscation of Māori land by the New Zealand Government.
Te Whiti o Rongomai
Te Whiti o Rongomai III (c. 1830 – 18 November 1907) was a Māori spiritual leader and founder of the village of Parihaka, in New Zealand's Taranaki region.
A proponent of nonviolence, Te Whiti established Parihaka community as a place of sanctuary and peace for Māori many of whom seeking refuge as their land was confiscated in the early 1860s. Parihaka became a place of peaceful resistance to the encroaching confiscations.
On 5 November 1881, the village was invaded by 1500 Armed Constabulary with its leaders arrested and put on trial. Te Whiti was sent to Christchurch at the Crown's insistence after it was clear the crown was losing its case in New Plymouth. The trial, however, was never reconvened and Te Whiti, along with Tohu were held for two years. Te Whiti and Tohu returned to Parihaka in 1883, seeking to rebuild Parihaka as a place of learning and cultural development though land protests continued.
Te Whiti was imprisoned on two further occasions after 1885 before his death in 1907.
Te Whiti was born in Ngāmotu, Taranaki, New Zealand, about 1830. One account makes him the son of Hone Kakahi of the Te Āti Awa iwi and of Rangi Kauwau.[citation needed] Another version sees him as the son of Tohukakahi (a minor chief of the Patukai hapu of the Ngāti Tāwhirikura branch of the Te Ati Awa tribe), and of Rangiawau (daughter of Te Whetu).[citation needed]
As a youngster, Te Whiti was well educated by Māori elders, who taught him about the traditions of his culture.[citation needed] Educated at a mission school, he later set up a flour mill in Warea.
In 1862 Te Whiti saved the lives of the crew and passengers of the Lord Worsley, which was wrecked on the Taranaki coast 80 km south of New Plymouth. When Māori threatened the survivors on the beach Te Whiti came to the rescue. He had a bullock killed and fed the survivors, sent a message to New Plymouth and arranged transport in carts to escort the survivors back to New Plymouth. This was the first occasion that government officials noted the existence of Te Whiti. He was believed[by whom?] to be about 30 at the time. In 1867 the great Māori chief established a village at Parihaka. He wanted his people to regain their land, pride and self-respect after the confiscations in other parts of the North Island. His aim seems[original research?] to have been to establish a new way for Māori to resist European attempts to take what was left of Taranaki.
With his close relative, Tohu Kakahi, Te Whiti led the people of Parihaka in their nonviolent resistance to the confiscation of Māori land by the New Zealand Government.