The Itneg people also known as "Tinguian" or "Tingguian" are an Austronesian ethnic group indigenous to the Philippines. They are part of the broader Cordilleran or Igorot group, despite the Itnegs themselves not identifying as such. The Itneg primarily inhabit the Cordillera Administrative Region in northern Luzon, particularly in the provinces of Abra, Kalinga, Apayao, and Mountain Province. The group is further divided into nine distinct sub-groups. They are also present in the upland areas of the Ilocos Region, notably in Nueva Era, Ilocos Norte and Ilocos Sur.

The Itneg are generally classified into two main groups. The valley Itneg form a homogeneous and concentrated population in the lower reaches of Abra, primarily engaged in wet rice cultivation. In contrast, the mountain Itneg inhabit higher elevations, relying on dry cultivation and root crops for subsistence. Further distinctions exist within the Itneg community, dividing them into nine subgroups: Adasen, Mabaka, Gubang, Banao, Binongon, Danak, Moyodan, Dawangan, and Inlaud (also spelled Illaud).

Genetic studies indicate that the Itneg population is composed of approximately 75% Austronesian, 9% Austroasiatic, 10% Tai-Kadai, 3% South Asian, and 3% Negrito ancestry.

The term Itneg is often used interchangeably with Tinguian. The name Itneg is believed to originate from the Ilocano phrase iti uneg, meaning "the interior." Another theory suggests that it derives from the prefix i-, which denotes a place of origin, combined with Tineg River, a major river and geographical area associated with the Itneg people.

During the Spanish colonization of the Philippines, the Itneg were referred to by various names, including Tinguian, Tinggian, Tinguianes, Tingues, and Tingians, all of which translate to "mountain dwellers." These terms were used to describe indigenous groups who withdrew into the Abra Valley and surrounding highlands to evade the advancing Spanish and Christianized Ilocano population.

During pre-colonial times, the Itneg mostly lived near the coasts of Northern Luzon, where they interacted closely with the Ilocanos. By the time the Spanish colonizers arrived, they had only a few inland settlements, but colonial pressures forced many of them to move inland during the sixteenth and seventeenth century. Most of them settled in Abra, which then became the Itneg heartland.

The Itneg have faced ethnic discrimination and violence, with the era of Martial law under Ferdinand Marcos being a well-documented period of particular violence, mostly linked to the infringement of the Marcos crony linked Cellophil Resources Corporation on forest resources in traditionally Itneg lands.

The Tinguians still practice their traditional ways, including wet rice and swidden farming. Socio-cultural changes started when the Spanish conquistadors ventured to expand their reach to the settlements of Abra. The Spaniards brought with them their culture some of which the Tangguians borrowed. More changes in their culture took place with the coming of the Americans and the introduction of education and Catholic and Protestant proselytization.