This timeline covers the period of the American Civil War and the subsequent Reconstruction era, which were pivotal in shaping the nation's unity and civil rights.
American Civil War
1861 - 1865
The Union, led by President Abraham Lincoln, fights against the Confederacy over issues of slavery and states' rights. Key battles include Gettysburg, Antietam, and Appomattox Court House.
Emancipation Proclamation
1863
President Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation, declaring freedom for all slaves in Confederate territory.
Reconstruction Era
1865 - 1877
Following the war, the Reconstruction era aims to rebuild the South and ensure the rights of formerly enslaved individuals. The 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the Constitution are ratified during this period.