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Venkatapati Raya
Venkatapati Raya (c. 1547 – October 1614), also known as Venkata II, was the third Emperor of Vijayanagara from the Aravidu Dynasty. He succeeded his older brother, the Emperor Sriranga Deva Raya as the ruler of Vijayanagara Empire with bases in Penukonda, Chandragiri and Vellore. His reign of nearly three decades saw a revival in the strength and prosperity of the empire. He successfully dealt with the Turko-Persian Deccan sultans of Bijapur and Golkonda, the internal disorders, promoting economic revival in the realm. He subdued the rebelling Nayakas of Tamil Nadu and parts of present-day Andhra Pradesh.
He was the fourth and the youngest son of the Emperor Tirumala Deva Raya and his Queen-consort Vengalamba and the younger brother of the Emperor Sriranga Deva Raya. He served as the governor of Chandragiri and the Viceroy of Tamil Country before ascending the throne of the Vijayanagara Empire in 1585.
Venkata II repulsed a major Golkonda offensive at Penugonda. During the siege, the Vijayanagara defense under Jagadeva Row, aided by the Tanjavur Nayak prince Raghunatha, routed key Qutb Shahi contingents; Saujāta Khan was killed, Citta Khan was captured, and other commanders were defeated, forcing Sultan Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah to abandon the siege and retreat.
In 1588, he instigated a war with the Turko-Persian Golkonda and Bijapur Sultanates and captured some of the territories lost earlier by his predecessor. Kasturi Ranga Nayaka, a scion of Recherla Velama dynasty was sent to check the combined armies of the Sultanates. The Hindu army led by Kasturi Ranga and his son Yachama Nayaka achieved success in a series of battles. The Muslim soldiers who escaped in these battles with the Vijayanagara Army joined their main troops on the upper banks of the river Pennar. Historic accounts say that the strength of the sultanates' army was more than 120,000 and Turko-Afghan gunners were with them to fire their artillery units. Kasturi Ranga led his troops north and met the enemy directly on the upper bank of river Pennar.
The clash raged for eight hours, artillery units of the sultanate army created havoc in the Vijayanagara ranks but Yachama maintained discipline amongst his forces and rigorously pressed the attack. By the end of the day, the brave and wise generalship of Vijayanagara won the Battle of Pennar and more than 50,000 Turko-Persian Golkonda and Bijapur troops were killed including the sultanates' most able generals Rustam Khan and Khasim Khan. Imperial forces drove their enemies into the Golkonda territory but the quarrel amongst the emperor's nobles prevented further attempts on Golkonda. Several of his feudatories in his North now revolted against him, including some of Aliya Rama Raya's descendants, but he successfully subdued them.
In 1586, the Nayak of Gingee rebelled against the emperor Venkatapati, who then captured him and had him put in prison. He was only freed when Raghunatha, the Nayak of Tanjore secured his release in exchange for aiding the emperor in his Penukonda campaign.
During his imprisonment, Gingee was governed by an other Venkata, who was sent against him by the Emperor Venkatapathi Raya.
In 1601, another campaign led by his viceroy of Arcot and Chengelpet, Chennappa Nayaka subdued a revolt headed by Lingama Nayaka, the Nayak of Vellore. Later Lingama Nayaka of Vellore was defeated on the plains of Munnali, and the Vellore Fort was captured. Vellore came under direct control of the Emperor Venkatapati Raya. Another expedition headed by Yachama Nayaka went right into the Madurai Nayak province and subdued the revolting Nayaks.
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Venkatapati Raya
Venkatapati Raya (c. 1547 – October 1614), also known as Venkata II, was the third Emperor of Vijayanagara from the Aravidu Dynasty. He succeeded his older brother, the Emperor Sriranga Deva Raya as the ruler of Vijayanagara Empire with bases in Penukonda, Chandragiri and Vellore. His reign of nearly three decades saw a revival in the strength and prosperity of the empire. He successfully dealt with the Turko-Persian Deccan sultans of Bijapur and Golkonda, the internal disorders, promoting economic revival in the realm. He subdued the rebelling Nayakas of Tamil Nadu and parts of present-day Andhra Pradesh.
He was the fourth and the youngest son of the Emperor Tirumala Deva Raya and his Queen-consort Vengalamba and the younger brother of the Emperor Sriranga Deva Raya. He served as the governor of Chandragiri and the Viceroy of Tamil Country before ascending the throne of the Vijayanagara Empire in 1585.
Venkata II repulsed a major Golkonda offensive at Penugonda. During the siege, the Vijayanagara defense under Jagadeva Row, aided by the Tanjavur Nayak prince Raghunatha, routed key Qutb Shahi contingents; Saujāta Khan was killed, Citta Khan was captured, and other commanders were defeated, forcing Sultan Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah to abandon the siege and retreat.
In 1588, he instigated a war with the Turko-Persian Golkonda and Bijapur Sultanates and captured some of the territories lost earlier by his predecessor. Kasturi Ranga Nayaka, a scion of Recherla Velama dynasty was sent to check the combined armies of the Sultanates. The Hindu army led by Kasturi Ranga and his son Yachama Nayaka achieved success in a series of battles. The Muslim soldiers who escaped in these battles with the Vijayanagara Army joined their main troops on the upper banks of the river Pennar. Historic accounts say that the strength of the sultanates' army was more than 120,000 and Turko-Afghan gunners were with them to fire their artillery units. Kasturi Ranga led his troops north and met the enemy directly on the upper bank of river Pennar.
The clash raged for eight hours, artillery units of the sultanate army created havoc in the Vijayanagara ranks but Yachama maintained discipline amongst his forces and rigorously pressed the attack. By the end of the day, the brave and wise generalship of Vijayanagara won the Battle of Pennar and more than 50,000 Turko-Persian Golkonda and Bijapur troops were killed including the sultanates' most able generals Rustam Khan and Khasim Khan. Imperial forces drove their enemies into the Golkonda territory but the quarrel amongst the emperor's nobles prevented further attempts on Golkonda. Several of his feudatories in his North now revolted against him, including some of Aliya Rama Raya's descendants, but he successfully subdued them.
In 1586, the Nayak of Gingee rebelled against the emperor Venkatapati, who then captured him and had him put in prison. He was only freed when Raghunatha, the Nayak of Tanjore secured his release in exchange for aiding the emperor in his Penukonda campaign.
During his imprisonment, Gingee was governed by an other Venkata, who was sent against him by the Emperor Venkatapathi Raya.
In 1601, another campaign led by his viceroy of Arcot and Chengelpet, Chennappa Nayaka subdued a revolt headed by Lingama Nayaka, the Nayak of Vellore. Later Lingama Nayaka of Vellore was defeated on the plains of Munnali, and the Vellore Fort was captured. Vellore came under direct control of the Emperor Venkatapati Raya. Another expedition headed by Yachama Nayaka went right into the Madurai Nayak province and subdued the revolting Nayaks.