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Guillaume Adam
Guillaume Adam
Guillaume Adam
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Guillaume Adam (Latin: Guillelmus Adae), also known in English as William Adam (died c. 1341), was a Dominican missionary, writer, and French Catholic archbishop.[1]

Adam served as the Papal missionary in Persia from 1314 to 1317, one of six Dominicans sent by Pope John XXII to Persia. However, it is now thought that Adam was probably in Persia before 1314, during the pontificate of Pope Clement V.

He was transferred to Smyrna in 1318, and served as their bishop. In 1322, he was promoted to archbishop of Soltaniyeh in Persia.[2]

On 26 October 1324, he was elected Archbishop of Antivari in the Old Doclea. After a disagreement with the Pope, Adam stepped down as archbishop in 1341.

William wrote one treatise on the recovery of the Holy Land—De modo sarracenos extirpandi in 1316/1317—and he has been put forward as the author of the anonymous Directorium ad passagium faciendum, written in 1332.[3]

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Guillaume Adam

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''Guillaume Adam'' is a French Dominican friar, missionary, traveler, and Roman Catholic archbishop known for his extensive journeys across the Near East, India, Ethiopia, and Persia during the early 14th century, as well as his influential treatises proposing aggressive crusading strategies against Muslim powers. A native of southern France, Adam joined the Dominican order and was commissioned by Pope Clement V in 1305 to undertake missionary work in the East. He traveled through Constantinople, Asia Minor, Syria, Persia, India, Aden, and Ethiopia, preaching among non-Christians and observing diverse cultures and regions. After returning to the West around 1313, he authored his first major work, De modo Sarracenos extirpandi, a passionate anti-Muslim treatise advocating for a renewed Crusade to recover the Holy Land. In 1318, Adam was appointed suffragan bishop under the archbishop of Sultanieh (Soltaniyeh) in Mongol Persia, succeeding to the full archbishopric in 1322. He later served as archbishop of Smyrna and, from 1324 until his death around 1340, as archbishop of Bar (modern Bar, Montenegro), where he acted as a staunch defender of Catholicism against Orthodox influences in the Balkans. Adam is also credited with the 1332 crusading proposal Directorium ad passagium faciendum, addressed to King Philip VI of France, which outlined plans to conquer Serbia with Albanian Catholic support as a prelude to broader campaigns against the Byzantines and Muslims. His writings reflect deep personal experience in frontier regions and a zealous commitment to expanding Latin Christianity through missionary effort and military action.

Early life

Little is known about Guillaume Adam's early life. He was a native of southern France and joined the Dominican order before being commissioned by Pope Clement V in 1305 to undertake missionary work in the East. No specific details about his exact birth date, birthplace within southern France, family, education, or early influences are provided in primary or secondary sources.

Career

Guillaume Adam joined the Dominican order in southern France and was commissioned by Pope Clement V in 1305 to undertake missionary work in the East. He traveled extensively through Constantinople, Asia Minor, Syria, Persia, India, Aden, and Ethiopia, preaching among non-Christians and observing local cultures and regions. He returned to the West around 1313. After his return, Adam authored his first major work, De modo Sarracenos extirpandi, advocating for a renewed Crusade against Muslim powers to recover the Holy Land. In 1318, he was appointed suffragan bishop under the archbishop of Sultanieh (Soltaniyeh) in Mongol Persia, succeeding to the full archbishopric in 1322. He later served as archbishop of Smyrna before being appointed archbishop of Bar (modern Bar, Montenegro) in 1324, a position he held until his death around 1340. In this role, he defended Catholicism against Orthodox influences in the Balkans. Adam is also known for his 1332 crusading proposal Directorium ad passagium faciendum, addressed to King Philip VI of France, which suggested conquering Serbia with Albanian Catholic support as a step toward broader campaigns against the Byzantines and Muslims. His career reflected extensive frontier experience and a commitment to expanding Latin Christianity through missionary work and military strategy.

Filmography

Guillaume Adam was a 14th-century Dominican friar, missionary, and archbishop. As he lived and died long before the invention of film or television (he died around 1340), he has no filmography or acting credits.

Later years

After returning to the West around 1313, Guillaume Adam pursued an ecclesiastical career in frontier regions while continuing to advocate for crusades against Muslim powers. In 1318, he was appointed suffragan bishop under the archbishop of Soltaniyeh (Sultanieh) in Mongol Persia, succeeding to the full archbishopric in 1322. He later served as archbishop of Smyrna. On 26 October 1324, he was transferred to the archbishopric of Bar (modern Bar, Montenegro), where he resided only occasionally and acted as a staunch defender of Catholicism against Orthodox influences in the Balkans. In 1332, Adam authored the crusading proposal Directorium ad passagium faciendum, addressed to King Philip VI of France. It outlined plans to conquer Serbia with Albanian Catholic support as a prelude to broader campaigns against the Byzantines and Muslims. (Note: Authorship of this treatise is sometimes disputed in scholarship, with some attributing it to others such as Raymond Etienne/Pseudo-Brocardus.) He held the see of Bar until his death, which occurred between 1338 and 1341.

Personal life

Little is known about the personal life of Guillaume Adam, as is common for medieval Dominican friars. He was a native of southern France and joined the Dominican order before his missionary commission by Pope Clement V in 1305. Some sources indicate he studied at Condom in 1302, suggesting origins in the region of modern-day Gers, France. No information exists on his exact birth date (likely late 13th century), family background, education beyond the Dominican order, relationships, or other private matters.
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