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1921 Canadian federal election
The 1921 Canadian federal election was held on December 6, 1921, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 14th Parliament of Canada. The Union government that had governed Canada through the First World War was defeated, and replaced by a Liberal government under the young leader William Lyon Mackenzie King. A new party, the Progressive Party, won the second most seats in the election.
Since the 1911 election, the country had been governed by the Conservatives, first under the leadership of Prime Minister Robert Borden and then under Prime Minister Arthur Meighen. During the First World War, the Conservatives had united with the pro-conscription Liberal-Unionists and formed a Union government. A number of Members of Parliament (MPs), mostly Quebecers, stayed loyal to Wilfrid Laurier (popularly known as the Laurier Liberals), however, and they maintained their independence. When Laurier died, he was succeeded as leader by Mackenzie King.
After the 1919 federal budget, a number of western Unionist MPs left the Union government in protest against high tariffs on farm products imposed by the budget. Led by Thomas Alexander Crerar, the group became known as the Progressive Party. Also running were a number of Labour advocates, foremost amongst them J. S. Woodsworth of Winnipeg, who had organized their political movement after the Winnipeg general strike of 1919. Meighen had played a key role in violently suppressing the strikers and this earned him the animosity of organized labour.
Meighen attempted to make the "Unionist" party a permanent alliance of Tories and Liberals by renaming it the National Liberal and Conservative Party, but the effort failed, and most Unionist Liberals either returned to the Liberal fold or joined the new Progressive Party. Besides the labour strife and farm tariffs in the Prairie provinces, the Conscription Crisis of 1917 had a lasting effect on Tory fortunes by making the party virtually unelectable in Quebec. The Unionist government's broken promise not to conscript workers needed on western Canadian farms also lost it support on the prairies.
Most of the MPs were elected in single-winner First past the post; Ottawa and Halifax were two-seat ridings with each voter able to cast up to two votes as per Plurality block voting.
Note:
* not applicable - the party was not recognized in the previous election
* UFA candidates were sometimes referred to as Progressives, just as sometimes "Progressive" candidates running outside Alberta were referred to as UFA. All farmer/Progressive candidates running in Alberta were both UFA and Progressive, and sat as such in the House of Commons, at least until the UFA caucus became more independent. The vote shares of Progressive and UFA candidates shown above, if combined, are accurate for the two parties together as one.)
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1921 Canadian federal election AI simulator
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1921 Canadian federal election
The 1921 Canadian federal election was held on December 6, 1921, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 14th Parliament of Canada. The Union government that had governed Canada through the First World War was defeated, and replaced by a Liberal government under the young leader William Lyon Mackenzie King. A new party, the Progressive Party, won the second most seats in the election.
Since the 1911 election, the country had been governed by the Conservatives, first under the leadership of Prime Minister Robert Borden and then under Prime Minister Arthur Meighen. During the First World War, the Conservatives had united with the pro-conscription Liberal-Unionists and formed a Union government. A number of Members of Parliament (MPs), mostly Quebecers, stayed loyal to Wilfrid Laurier (popularly known as the Laurier Liberals), however, and they maintained their independence. When Laurier died, he was succeeded as leader by Mackenzie King.
After the 1919 federal budget, a number of western Unionist MPs left the Union government in protest against high tariffs on farm products imposed by the budget. Led by Thomas Alexander Crerar, the group became known as the Progressive Party. Also running were a number of Labour advocates, foremost amongst them J. S. Woodsworth of Winnipeg, who had organized their political movement after the Winnipeg general strike of 1919. Meighen had played a key role in violently suppressing the strikers and this earned him the animosity of organized labour.
Meighen attempted to make the "Unionist" party a permanent alliance of Tories and Liberals by renaming it the National Liberal and Conservative Party, but the effort failed, and most Unionist Liberals either returned to the Liberal fold or joined the new Progressive Party. Besides the labour strife and farm tariffs in the Prairie provinces, the Conscription Crisis of 1917 had a lasting effect on Tory fortunes by making the party virtually unelectable in Quebec. The Unionist government's broken promise not to conscript workers needed on western Canadian farms also lost it support on the prairies.
Most of the MPs were elected in single-winner First past the post; Ottawa and Halifax were two-seat ridings with each voter able to cast up to two votes as per Plurality block voting.
Note:
* not applicable - the party was not recognized in the previous election
* UFA candidates were sometimes referred to as Progressives, just as sometimes "Progressive" candidates running outside Alberta were referred to as UFA. All farmer/Progressive candidates running in Alberta were both UFA and Progressive, and sat as such in the House of Commons, at least until the UFA caucus became more independent. The vote shares of Progressive and UFA candidates shown above, if combined, are accurate for the two parties together as one.)