The 1952 Soviet Top League was the 15th season of top-tier football in the Soviet Union. A total of 14 teams competed in the league. FC Spartak Moscow emerged as champions, claiming their fifth Soviet title.

The 1952 season marked a return to competitive football following the Soviet national team's disappointing performance at the 1952 Helsinki Olympics, where they were eliminated by Yugoslavia. This led to the temporary suspension of the entire CDSA team (today’s CSKA Moscow), which had provided the core of the national squad. As a result, CDSA did not participate in the 1952 season.

14 teams competed in the league. Notably, Dynamo Leningrad and Shakhtyor Stalino (now Shakhtar Donetsk) were promoted to the top division for this season.

Note: Full table can be sourced from official archives and the RSSSF (Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation).

Nikita Simonyan (Spartak Moscow) – 15 goals

Konstantin Beskov (Dynamo Moscow) – 14 goals

Avtandil Gogoberidze (Dinamo Tbilisi) – 13 goals

The suspension of CDSA Moscow significantly altered the balance of competition.