The 2017 Under-21 Provincial Championship was the 2017 edition of the Under-21 Provincial Championship, an annual national Under-21 rugby union competition held in South Africa, and was contested from 25 August to 28 October 2017.

The competition was won by Western Province U21, after they beat Blue Bulls U21 48–41 in the final in Durban. Western Province U21 fly-half Tiaan Swanepoel was the top scorer in the competition with 123 points, while Blue Bulls U21 wing Xolisa Guma was the top try scorer with 11 tries.

There were seven participating teams in the 2017 Under-21 Provincial Championship. They played each other once during the pool stage, either at home or away. Teams received four points for a win and two points for a draw. Bonus points were awarded to teams that scored four or more tries in a game, as well as to teams that lost a match by seven points or less. Teams were ranked by log points, then points difference (points scored less points conceded).

The top four teams in the pool stage qualified for the semifinals, which were followed by a final.

The teams that played in the 2017 Under-21 Provincial Championship were:

The final standings of the 2017 Under-21 Provincial Championship Pool Stage were:

The honour roll for the 2017 Under-21 Provincial Championship was as follows:

The following squads were named for the 2017 Under-21 Provincial Championship: