The 5th Mechanized Division (Arabic: الفرقة الخامسةميكا) was a mechanized infantry division of the Syrian Arab Army. The division was part of the Syrian Army's 1st Corps.

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The 5th Division was one of the oldest divisions in the Syrian Arab Army and its seat in the Daraa region has changed very little over the years, already during the Six Day War the division existed and was stationed in the southwestern sector, along the border With Jordan and the Golan Heights.

The 5th Division, at that time an infantry formation, invaded Jordan during the events of Black September in Jordan. In September 1970, the division alongside an independent armored brigade and the commando forces participated in an attack by the Syrian army in Jordan. The division then consisted of the 88th Armored Brigade, the 91st Armored Brigade and the 67th Mechanized Brigade (a total of about 200 T-55 tanks).

A second, much larger, Syrian incursion occurred in the same time: it consisted of two armored and one mechanized infantry brigades of the 5th Infantry Division, and around 300 tanks. Although the Syrian tanks had PLA markings, the troops were Syrian Army regulars. After an ineffectual defence by the massively outnumbered Jordanian 40th Armoured Brigade, the 5th Division's attack was repelled with heavy losses on 22 September 1970 mostly through the efforts of the Royal Jordanian Air Force.

The 5th Division also saw action on the Golan Heights during the Yom Kippur War, being deployed alongside the 1st, 3rd, 7th, and 9th divisions. These divisions were supposed to break the Israeli defense line in the Golan Heights and in the first phase advance inward with the help of the reserve forces (mainly 1st and 3rd divisions) up to the Jordan River line. The 5th Division, under the command of Brig. Gen. Ali Aslan, was responsible for the front south and east of Rafid, and north of the Yarmouk Valley. Although designated as an infantry division, it was actually a mechanized division.

The 5th Division was the only deployed division which had its full complement of armoured and mechanised vehicles, with some 10,000 men, 200 tanks, 72 artillery pieces, and an equal number of anti-aircraft weapons. During this period, the division was composed of four brigades: 46th Armored Brigade (also called the 12th Brigade), 132nd Mechanized Brigade, 112th Infantry Brigade and 61st Infantry Brigade. Before the war, the 47th Independent Armored Brigade was attached to the division.

Of the Syrian forces along the border in the Golan Heights, the 5th Division was perhaps the most successful in terms of attacking targets. The forces of the division managed to break through the defense line between the Rapid and the El-Al areas, advancing deep into the center of the Golan and fighting alongside the forces of the 1st and 9th divisions tn the area of Nefam and in the deep south in the El Al area. The forces of the division participated in most of the battles in the southern sector, including the fighting at Tel Saki, the fighting around Hosnia and the fighting along the Petroleum Road that connects the southern sector to the center of the plateau and camp volume.